Band 130, Heft 1

For a suitable description of the linguistic change in contacts caused by migration it is necessary to systematically consider the four aspects of language as knowledge, activity, product and identity. The focus of this paper is placed on the perception of language as activity, or as enérgeia . It aims to describe the dynamics of enérgeia in migration-caused contacts as well as the main analytical elements and preliminary distinctions concerning linguistic behavior, such as the classification of speakers into generations, the identification of varieties of contact according to their communicative importance (primary, secondary, tertiary varieties) as well as the main choice determinants, the classification of several levels of description of enérgeia (individual, family and community) and the typology of language choices (individual vs. collective, real vs. virtual, oral vs. written use). It could be shown that enérgeia is particularly dynamic and in continuous transformation in migration-caused contacts, where it basically plays the role of the engine of language change.

While working on his Édition électronique du Roland d’Oxford , the author examined many questionable readings proposed in other editions. This paper is a report on this examination. In the first section, several slight errors committed by most of the editors (for v. 3526, by all editors) are enumerated. In the second section, the author deals with the exceeding «rigorisme» of reading: some editors believe that the copyist wrote carelessly «leuus», «darbe», «quifse» ... in place of «leuns», «barbe», «quisse», etc. But is it possible to distinguish every time «u» from «n», «b» from «d», «f» from «s» ... in a manuscript, which is far from being in a good condition? The close examination of this problem leads the author to agree with the opinion of Philippe Ménard: «[il faut] éviter de croire naïvement à tout ce que l’on voit». In the final section, it is proved that for vv. 43 and 131, some editors of the 19 th century read the text more appropriately than those of the 20 th , and that for v. 811 the reading of all preceding editions is not correct.

The etymology of modern fr. Rahin (the name of a river in the Vosges comtoises region) has not been established. As Antoine Thomas had suspected, we are faced here with an oblique case (< - áne ), namely * Rohen , whose first vowel opened in aperture to [a]. The simple form Ro(h)e (subject case) was preserved in the Middle Ages through the dehydronymic name of a riverside locale, a name which subsequently changed into Roye . The first designation of the Rahin river as such, * Roe , has its origins in the substantivisation of the lat. rauca f. adj. ‘uttering or making a harsh sound, raucous (of running water)’. The river’s name has since gone through several other transformations. Its oldest form, Rahan(t) (1572), provides us with a new clue into the ancient affinity between the north-eastern part of Franche-Comté with the Franco-Provençal region. This clue seems to be corroborated by two other forms crystallized in the toponymy of Ronchamp.

The article offers a study of the hagiographical collection contained in MS BNE 10252. The author discusses the material characteristics of the codex, the sources of the collection and its organization. All this proves its independence from the Legenda aurea by Jacopo da Varazze and from the rest of Castilian hagiographical collections in vernacular. Subsequently, the relationship of MS 10252 with the Portuguese Vidas e paixões dos apóstolos (a translation made during the fourteenth century), based on a section of Bernardo de Brihuega’s Vitae patrum (c. 1270), is examined. The connections between the Castilian collection and the Vidas e paixões show that both derive in part from the same translation and adaptation of the Vitae patrum , which was procuced most likely at the court of Alfonso X (1252–1284), in the context of the composition of the General estoria .

The aim of this paper is to analyse the boundary tones of Spanish pronominal interrogative sentences produced by early bilingual speakers of Basque and Spanish. Based on a corpus of 50 informants, 25 of them with Spanish as L1 and 25 with Basque as L1, distributed over all provinces of the peninsular Basque Country, where the Basque language is known and used at present, we analyse the tonal configurations of all melodic curves of the corpus within the autosegmental metrical model and compare these configurations with those obtained with the same informants for the Basque language.

The Spanish used in Catalonia presents, mostly in oral contexts, but also often in writing, cases of lexical calques and literal translations from the other official language with which it coexists in this geographical area: Catalan. In this paper, we deal with the verbs and verbal usages in the Spanish language used in Catalonia, in which interference phenomena appears in the speech of our informants. The examples found and hereby literally transcribed spring from conversations held with native Spanish speakers in Catalonia. As we will explain in this paper, this phenomenon, the interference of Catalan in the Spanish used in Catalonia, is one of the features that best characterizes the spoken use of Spanish in the Catalan territory. We will also show how, in some cases, the Spanish Catalan-influenced verb usage is not ungrammatical but there exist more appropriate normative verbal choices to use in oral contexts.

Although routine formulas are relevant linguistic phenomena in the teaching of foreign languages and bilingual lexicography, contrastive studies in the language pair German-Spanish are almost non-existent, except for the extensive work of Igor Sosa. This contribution intends to analyse contrastively one type of routine formulas: rejection formulas. For this purpose, according to the nature of these units, we establish a tertium comparationis where pragmalinguistic criteria predominate, although supplemented by other factors relating to morphosyntactic and lexical features of the formulas. By means of the contrastive procedure, we first analyse in detail the Spanish units through the established criteria and in a second step we look for the equivalent German units.

The Vita et Sito de Zychi of Giorgio Interiano which appeared in 1502 has received little attention so far. This paper provides a historical and linguistic classification, detailed information about the existing editions and translations and their reception as well as a complete annotated transcription of the Editio princeps from 1502.