Abstract
The Bin Yauri-Libata polymetallic ore district is a Sn and Au ore-bearing district in the Zuru schist belt, Northwestern Nigeria. The Libata Sn ore field is characterized by a set of cassiterite-bearing hydrothermal veins associated with Neoproterozoic Pan-African granites affected by deformation and low-grade metamorphism. The hydrothermal alteration associated with cassiterite-bearing quartz veins in the Libata deposit includes silicification, albitization, chloritization, and potassic alteration. In this study, geochemical and geochronological data from tourmalines and zircons from Sn-bearing lodes, unmineralized and altered granites is applied to reveal the timing, fluid composition, and source of ore-forming materials for tin mineralization in the Libata ore field. Zircon trace element and Hf isotopes [εHf(t) = +4.37 to +10.85] reveal a mantle-derived source with some crustal contribution for the melts forming the Libata Sn-bearing granites. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating constrains the magmatic and hydrothermal ages to 650–646 and 649–646 Ma for the Libata granites. Overlapping zircon εHf(t) and 176Hf/177Hf but distinct 176Lu/177Hf and 176Yb/177Hf ratios from magmatic and hydrothermally altered zircons reveal a magmatic source for the hydrothermal fluids which triggered cassiterite deposition in the Libata ore field. Major element chemistry constrain tourmalines from the Libata ore field as schorls that show high alkalis, low-Ca contents, and moderate □ values (where □ is x-site vacancy). High Li, Zn, and Sn concentrations in tourmaline as well as Li/Sr and Ca-Fe-Mg ratios demonstrate that the tourmaline formed from granite-sourced fluid likely derived from the host Libata granites. Measured δ11B values from the Libata tourmaline range from –15.7‰ to –14.1‰. The δ11B of the mineralizing fluid is estimated to be –13.1 to –11.9‰ for the Libata tourmalines at 400–500 °C and overlaps with averages from fractionated granites worldwide. Therefore, our data show that tourmaline and zircon are useful tracers of magmatic-hydrothermal evolution in rare-metal-bearing granite systems.
Acknowledgments and Funding
We are grateful to Biao Liu and Yuanlin Chen for their help with lab work. This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China granted to Huan Li (Grant No. 92162103).
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- Mineralogy and bulk geochemistry of a fumarole at Hverir, Iceland: Analog for acid-sulfate leaching on Mars
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Mineralogy and bulk geochemistry of a fumarole at Hverir, Iceland: Analog for acid-sulfate leaching on Mars
- The crystal structure and chemistry of natural giniite and implications for Mars
- Solid solution of CaSiO3 and MgSiO3 perovskites in the lower mantle: The role of ferrous iron
- Secondary ion mass spectrometer analyses for trace elements in glass standards using variably charged silicon ions for normalization
- Raman shifts of c-BN as an ideal P-T sensor for studying water-rock interactions in a diamond-anvil cell
- Resetting of the U-Pb and Th-Pb systems in altered bastnäsite: Insight from the behavior of Pb at nanoscale
- X-ray diffraction reveals two structural transitions in szomolnokite
- Contamination of heterogeneous lower crust in Hannuoba tholeiite: Evidence from in situ trace elements and strontium isotopes of plagioclase
- Oxygen fugacity buffering in high-pressure solid media assemblies from IW-6.5 to IW+4.5 and application to the V K-edge oxybarometer
- Trace element partitioning between anhydrite, sulfate melt, and silicate melt
- Chemical reaction between ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and water under high pressure-temperature conditions of the deep lower mantle
- Composition-dependent thermal equation of state of B2 Fe-Si alloys at high pressure
- Effects of thermal annealing on water content and δ18O in zircon
- Tourmaline and zircon trace the nature and timing of magmatic-hydrothermal episodes in granite-related Sn mineralization: Insights from the Libata Sn ore field
- Cation ordering, twinning, and pseudo-symmetry in silicate garnet: The study of a birefringent garnet with orthorhombic structure
- The occurrence of monoclinic jarosite in natural environments
- Niobium speciation in minerals revealed by L2,3-edges XANES spectroscopy
- The first occurrence of the carbide anion, C4–, in an oxide mineral: Mikecoxite, ideally (CHg4)OCl2, from the McDermitt open-pit mine, Humboldt County, Nevada, U.S.A
- Hydrothermal alteration of Ni-rich sulfides in peridotites of Abu Dahr, Eastern Desert, Egypt: Relationships among minerals in the Fe-Ni-Co-O-S system, fO2 and fS2
- New Mineral Names: Arsenic and Lead