Startseite Naturwissenschaften Determination of natural and artificial radioactivity levels and radiation hazard indices for soil samples in Kırşehir
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Determination of natural and artificial radioactivity levels and radiation hazard indices for soil samples in Kırşehir

  • Sümeyra Yamçıçıer ORCID logo EMAIL logo und Doğan Yaşar ORCID logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 5. Dezember 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study is to create a radiological map of Kırşehir province in Turkey by analyzing the radioactivity levels of soil samples and environmental radiation measurements. 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs radionuclides were analysed in soil samples collected from 47 locations using gamma spectrometry with an HPGe detector. According to the results obtained, gamma radioactivity concentration ranges and mean values for 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were determined as 133 ± 15–1515 ± 128 Bq/kg (599.40 Bq/kg), 0.3 ± 0.09–21.1 ± 1.7 Bq/kg (4.61 Bq/kg), 8.7 ± 0.9–128.5 ± 8.5 Bq/kg (29.66 Bq/kg) and 11.6 ± 8.6–273.8 ± 19.9 Bq/kg (48.80 Bq/kg) respectively. Average radioactivity levels for 40K and 232Th are above the world average. The mean radium equivalent activity (Raeq), gamma dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), external hazard index (H ex ), and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were calculated as 145.45 Bq/kg, 122.13 nGy/h, 0.15 mSv/h, 0.39 and 0.29 × 10−3 respectively.


Corresponding author: Sümeyra Yamçıçıer, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Imaging, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Türkiye, E-mail:

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contribution: The author have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The author state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: Not applicable.

  5. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

References

1. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation: United Nations Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: UNSCEAR 1993 Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes; United Nations, Ed.; United Nations: New York, 1993.Suche in Google Scholar

2. Ahmad, N., Jaafar, M. S., Bakhash, M., Rahim, M. An overview on measurements of natural radioactivity in Malaysia. J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci. 2015, 8, 136–141; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2014.12.008.Suche in Google Scholar

3. Abiama, P. E., Ateba, P. O., Ben-Bolie, G. H., Ekobena, F. H. P., El Khoukhi, T. High background radiation investigated by gamma spectrometry of the soil in the southwestern region of Cameroon. J. Environ. Radioact. 2010, 101, 739–743; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.04.017.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

4. El-Taher, A. Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and radiation hazards for building materials used in Qassim area, Saudi Arabia. Romanian J. Phys. 2012, 57, 726–735.Suche in Google Scholar

5. Nagaraju, K. M., Chandrashekara, M. S., Rani, K. P., Paramesh, L. Measurement of gamma natural background radiation in Chamaraja nagar district, Karnataka state, India. Radiat. Prot. Environ. 2012, 35, 73–76; https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-0464.112344.Suche in Google Scholar

6. Keser, R., Görür, F. K., Akçay, N., Okumuşoǧlu, N. T. Radionuclide concentration in tea, Cabbage, orange, kiwi and soil and lifetime cancer risk due to gamma radioactivity in rize, Turkey. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2011, 91, 987–991; https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4259.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

7. Dizman, S., Görür, F. K., Keser, R. Determination of radioactivity levels of soil samples and the excess of lifetime cancer risk in rize province, Turkey. Int. J. Radiat. Res. 2016, 14, 237; https://doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.ijrr.14.3.237.Suche in Google Scholar

8. Kobya, Y., Taşkın, H., Yeşilkanat, C. M., Varinlioğlu, A., Korcak, S. Natural and artificial radioactivity Assessment of dam lakes sediments in Çoruh river, Turkey. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 2015, 303, 287–295; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3420-7.Suche in Google Scholar

9. Turhan, Ş., Köse, A., Varinlioğlu, A., Şahin, N. K., Arıkan, I., Oğuz, F., Yücel, B., Özdemir, T. Distribution of terrestrial and Anthropogenic radionuclides in Turkish surface soil samples. Geoderma 2012, 187, 117–124; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.04.017.Suche in Google Scholar

10. Bozkurt, A., Yorulmaz, N., Kam, E., Karahan, G., Osmanlioglu, A. E. Assessment of environmental radioactivity for sanliurfa region of southeastern Turkey. Radiat. Meas. 2007, 42, 1387–1391; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.05.052.Suche in Google Scholar

11. TUIK. Geographical Statistics Portal, 2022. https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/ (accessed Mar 7, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

12. Republic of Turkey Kırşehir Governorship, 2022. Geography. http://www.kirsehir.gov.tr/cografya/ (accessed Mar 7, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

13. Karahan, G., Bıyık, R., Bingöldağ, N., Koçak, M., Ataksor, B., Baş Mor, H., Taşkın, H., Yüksel, A., Küçükcezzar, R., Varinoğlu, A., Kapdan, E., Bayülgen, S., Başsarı, A., Yılmaz, Y. Z., Kaygun, A., Yılmaz, N., Özsoy, Ö. Antalya-Nevşehir-Karaman-Hatay-Artvin illerinin doğal fon radyasyonu haritasının çıkarılması ve eser element analizleri; report; Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, 2017. http://kurumsalarsiv.tenmak.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12878/609 (accessed May 25, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

14. Mollah, A. S., Rahman, M. M., Koddus, M. A., Husain, S. R., Malek, M. A. Measurement of high natural background radiation levels by TLD at Cox’s bazar Coastal areas in Bangladesh. Radiat. Protect. Dosimet. 1987, 18, 39–41.Suche in Google Scholar

15. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: UNSCEAR 2000b Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes; United Nations, Ed.; United Nations: New York, 2000.Suche in Google Scholar

16. Beretka, J., Mathew, P. J. Natural radioactivity of Australian building materials, industrial wastes and by-products. Health Phys. 1985, 48, 87–95; https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-198501000-00007.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

17. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: UNSCEAR 2000a Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes; United Nations, Ed.; United Nations: New York, 2000.Suche in Google Scholar

18. ICRP Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Ann. ICRP 1990, 21, 1.Suche in Google Scholar

19. International Atomic Energy Agency. Measurement of Radionuclides in Food and the Environment: A Guidebook, Technical Reports Series No: 295; IAEA: Austria, 1989.Suche in Google Scholar

20. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Industry and Technology. Geothermal Resources evaluation Project, 2020. https://www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr/dokuman/jeotermalkaynak-larin-degerlendirilmesi-projesi/ (accessed Apr 7, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

21. Kaydu Akbudak, İ., Ketenci̇, D. E., Gürbüz, M. Mineralogical and gemological characteristics of Kaman (Kırşehir-Türkiye) fluorites. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilim. Enstitüsü Derg. 2022, 12, 1012–1023.10.17714/gumusfenbil.1005565Suche in Google Scholar

22. Mining technique and research, 2010. Kirsehir Province Mining and Energy Resources. https://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/bilgi-merkezi/il-maden-potansiyelleri/ (accessed 15 Mar, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

23. Yurtyeri, E. Active Volcano of central Anatolia: Erciyes mountain. Nat. Res. Ecol. Bull. 2017, 22, 43–56.Suche in Google Scholar

24. Kam, E., Bozkurt, A., Ilgar, R. A study of background radioactivity level for Canakkale, Turkey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2010, 168, 685–690; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1143-y.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

25. Taskin, H., Karavus, M., Ay, P., Topuzoglu, A., Hidiroglu, S., Karahan, G. Radionuclide concentrations in soil and lifetime cancer risk due to gamma radioactivity in kirklareli, Turkey. J. Environ. Radioact. 2009, 100, 49–53; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.10.012.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Yarar, Y., Kam, E. Environmental radioactivity concentrations of Tekirdağ. Int. Congr. Ser. 2005, 1276, 387–389.10.1016/j.ics.2004.11.047Suche in Google Scholar

27. Karadeniz, Ö., Karakurt, H., Akal, C. Natural radionuclide activities in forest soil horizons of Mount IDA/kazdagi, Turkey. Environ. Monit. Assess. 2015, 187, 1–17; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4554-y.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

28. Otansev, P., Karahan, G., Kam, E., Barut, I., Taskin, H. Assessment of natural radioactivity concentrations and gamma dose rate levels in Kayseri, Turkey. Radiat. Protect. Dosimet. 2012, 148, 227–236; https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr023.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Kam, E., Bozkurt, A. Environmental radioactivity measurements in Kastamonu region of northern Turkey. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2007, 65, 440–444; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.11.005.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Karahan, G. Risk Assessment of baseline outdoor gamma dose rate levels study of natural radiation sources in Bursa, Turkey. Radiat. Protect. Dosimet. 2010, 142, 324–331; https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncq217.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Degerlier, M., Karahan, G., Ozger, G. Radioactivity concentrations and dose Assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey. J. Environ. Radioact. 2008, 99, 1018–1025; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.12.015.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

32. Karahan, G., Bıyık, R., Güngör, E., Bingöldağ, N., Ataksor, B., Şimşek, V., Özüağ, C., Akkaş, A., Baş Mor, H., Koçak, M., Kam, E., Aybers, T., Yüksel, A., Güngör, N., Orhan, N., Küçükcezzar, R., Yüksel, Z., Taşkın, H., Öztürk, N., Güneş, Ş., Akkurt, İ., Kapdan, E., Bayülken, S., Başsarı, A., Yılmaz, Y. Z., Varinlioğlu, A., Kaygun, A., Aykurt, S. Mersin-Kars-Iğdır-Bartın-Karabük illerinin doğal fon radyasyonu haritasının çıkarılması ve eser element analizleri; report; Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, 2015. http://kurumsalarsiv.tenmak.gov.tr/handle/20.500.12878/355 (accessed May 25, 2023).Suche in Google Scholar

33. Bingöldağ, N., Otansev, P. Determination of natural radiation levels and lifetime cancer risk in kırıkkale, Turkey. Radiochim. Acta 2018, 106, 401–411.10.1515/ract-2017-2781Suche in Google Scholar

34. Ereeş, F. S., Aközcan, S., Parlak, Y., Cam, S. Assessment of dose rates around Manisa (Turkey). Radiat. Meas. 2006, 41, 598–601; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.11.004.Suche in Google Scholar

35. Agbalagba, E. O., Onoja, R. A. Evaluation of natural radioactivity in soil, sediment and water samples of Niger delta (biseni) flood plain lakes, Nigeria. J. Environ. Radioact. 2011, 102, 667–671; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.03.002.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

36. Albidhani, H., Gunoglu, K., Akkurt, İ. Natural radiation measurement in some soil samples from basra oil field, Iraq state. Int. J. Comput. Exp. Sci. Eng. 2019, 5, 48; https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.498695.Suche in Google Scholar

37. Bramki, A., Ramdhane, M., Benrachi, F. Natural radioelement concentrations in fertilizers and the soil of the Mila region of Algeria. J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci. 2018, 11, 49–55; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2017.08.002.Suche in Google Scholar

38. Saleh, H., Abu Shayeb, M. Natural radioactivity distribution of southern part of Jordan (Ma′an) soil. Ann. Nucl. Energy 2014, 65, 184–189; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2013.10.042.Suche in Google Scholar

39. Quindos, L. S., Fernandez, P. L., Soto, J., Rodenas, C., Gomez, J. Natural radioactivity in Spanish soils. Health Phys. 1994, 66, 194; https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199402000-00010.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

40. Tari, M., Moussavi Zarandi, S. A., Mohammadi, K., Zare, M. R. The measurement of gamma-emitting radionuclides in beach sand Cores of Coastal regions of ramsar, Iran using HPGe detectors. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2013, 74, 425–434; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.030.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

41. Alharbi, W. Measurements of natural radionuclides in soil samples from tourbh governorate, Saudi Arabia. Life Sci. J. 2012, 9, 3573–3577.Suche in Google Scholar

42. Alcantara, F. C., Kastrup, I. A., Kelecom, A., Silva, R. L., Santos, L. V. S., Barbosa, L., Pastrana, O. C., Frota, A. M. Evaluation of radionuclides in sugar samples from different regions of Brazil. MOJ Public Health 2023, 12, 132–135.10.15406/mojph.2023.12.00422Suche in Google Scholar

Received: 2023-08-09
Accepted: 2023-11-20
Published Online: 2023-12-05
Published in Print: 2024-01-29

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Heruntergeladen am 9.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ract-2023-0215/pdf
Button zum nach oben scrollen