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Azadirachtin in the aquatic environment: Fate and effects on non-target fauna

  • Prithwish Sarkar , Kishore Dhara und Himadri Guhathakurta EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 30. November 2022
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Physical Sciences Reviews
Aus der Zeitschrift Physical Sciences Reviews Band 9 Heft 2

Abstract

The present-day inclination towards increased application of pesticides derived from natural sources is not without its own hazards. Such pesticides are indubitably less harmful compared to the newer classes of low persistence organophosphates; however, these pesticides may be hydrolyzed to yield secondary products which often exhibit significantly different toxicity. Additionally, studies show that the inert materials used in formulation can exhibit significant toxicity on their own. The toxicity of secondary products and inert materials are largely unknown since these molecules are largely uncharacterized. Azadirachtin is such a candidate pesticide. It is derived from the neem tree Azadirachta indica, and it ticks all the above boxes. In its pure form, formulation and crude extracts, it can generate ecotoxicological effects ranging from behavioural anomalies and physiological imbalances to growth suppression. Authors at various times have pointed out the ability of azadirachtin (or that of its metabolites’/break-down products’) to cause specific, documentable effects on growth and reproduction of non-target fauna. Since extensive reports are available on the toxicology of azadirachtin to terrestrial beneficial fauna like bees and earthworms, this review aims to present a coherent picture of the effects of azadirachtin on non-target aquatic organisms through a documentation of relevant reports published during the last three decades. It is hoped that this compilation will help sensitize public opinion about the erroneous supposition that pesticides derived from natural sources are not innately harmful to non-target biota.

Keywords: aquatic; Azadirachtin; non-target; pesticide; toxicity
Corresponding author: Himadri Guhathakurta, Sripat Singh College, Jiaganj, Murshidabad, 742123, India, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2022-07-15
Accepted: 2022-10-24
Published Online: 2022-11-30

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Topology and applications of 2D Dirac and semi-Dirac materials
  4. Landscape ecological modeling to identify ecologically significant regions in Tumkur district, Karnataka
  5. Surfactants-surface active agents behind sustainable living
  6. Ecological footprint of poultry production and effect of environment on poultry genes
  7. Fluoride in water, health implications and plant-based remediation strategies
  8. Poultry nutrition
  9. Synthesis of N-containing heterocycles in water
  10. Inorganic nanoparticles promoted synthesis of heterocycles
  11. The role of analytical chemistry in poultry science
  12. Antibiotics in avian care and husbandry-status and alternative antimicrobials
  13. Removal of heavy metals from wastewater using synthetic chelating agents
  14. Azadirachtin in the aquatic environment: Fate and effects on non-target fauna
  15. Intensification of bioprocesses with filamentous microorganisms
  16. The science of genetically modified poultry
  17. Emerging in ovo technologies in poultry production and the re-discovered chicken model in preclinical research
  18. The Cambridge structural database (CSD): important resources for teaching concepts in structural chemistry and intermolecular interactions
  19. Microbial production of lactic acid using organic wastes as low-cost substrates
  20. Oxalic acid: recent developments for cost-effective microbial production
  21. Immobilization of α-amylase from Aspergillus fumigatus using adsorption method onto zeolite
  22. A comparative assessment of potentially harmful metals in the Lagos Lagoon and Ogun river catchment
  23. Formulation of a herbal topical cream against Tinea capitis using flavonoids glycosides from Dicerocaryum senecioides and Diospyros mespiliformis
  24. Biodegradable polymers – research and applications
  25. Adsorption of trichloroacetic acid from drinking water using polyethylene terephthalate waste carbon and periwinkle shells–based chitosan
  26. The vital use of isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (MCR) in chemical synthesis
  27. Pine bark crosslinked to cyclodextrin for the adsorption of 2-nitrophenol from an aqueous solution
  28. Computational study of propene selectivity and yield in the dehydrogenation of propane via process simulation approach
  29. A mini review on the prospects of Fagara zanthoxyloides extract based composites: a remedy for COVID-19 and associated replica?
  30. Physicochemical assessment and insilico studies on the interaction of 5-HT2c receptor with herbal medication bioactive compounds used in the treatment of premature ejaculation
  31. Horse chestnut thermoplastic starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
  32. Rice thermoplastic starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2022-0131
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
aquatic; Azadirachtin; non-target; pesticide; toxicity

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Topology and applications of 2D Dirac and semi-Dirac materials
  4. Landscape ecological modeling to identify ecologically significant regions in Tumkur district, Karnataka
  5. Surfactants-surface active agents behind sustainable living
  6. Ecological footprint of poultry production and effect of environment on poultry genes
  7. Fluoride in water, health implications and plant-based remediation strategies
  8. Poultry nutrition
  9. Synthesis of N-containing heterocycles in water
  10. Inorganic nanoparticles promoted synthesis of heterocycles
  11. The role of analytical chemistry in poultry science
  12. Antibiotics in avian care and husbandry-status and alternative antimicrobials
  13. Removal of heavy metals from wastewater using synthetic chelating agents
  14. Azadirachtin in the aquatic environment: Fate and effects on non-target fauna
  15. Intensification of bioprocesses with filamentous microorganisms
  16. The science of genetically modified poultry
  17. Emerging in ovo technologies in poultry production and the re-discovered chicken model in preclinical research
  18. The Cambridge structural database (CSD): important resources for teaching concepts in structural chemistry and intermolecular interactions
  19. Microbial production of lactic acid using organic wastes as low-cost substrates
  20. Oxalic acid: recent developments for cost-effective microbial production
  21. Immobilization of α-amylase from Aspergillus fumigatus using adsorption method onto zeolite
  22. A comparative assessment of potentially harmful metals in the Lagos Lagoon and Ogun river catchment
  23. Formulation of a herbal topical cream against Tinea capitis using flavonoids glycosides from Dicerocaryum senecioides and Diospyros mespiliformis
  24. Biodegradable polymers – research and applications
  25. Adsorption of trichloroacetic acid from drinking water using polyethylene terephthalate waste carbon and periwinkle shells–based chitosan
  26. The vital use of isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (MCR) in chemical synthesis
  27. Pine bark crosslinked to cyclodextrin for the adsorption of 2-nitrophenol from an aqueous solution
  28. Computational study of propene selectivity and yield in the dehydrogenation of propane via process simulation approach
  29. A mini review on the prospects of Fagara zanthoxyloides extract based composites: a remedy for COVID-19 and associated replica?
  30. Physicochemical assessment and insilico studies on the interaction of 5-HT2c receptor with herbal medication bioactive compounds used in the treatment of premature ejaculation
  31. Horse chestnut thermoplastic starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
  32. Rice thermoplastic starch nanocomposite films reinforced with nanocellulose
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