Structural comparison of conventional and chiral auxetic morphed aircraft rib

Cevher Yusuf Inan; Zafer Evis; Berkan Ozturk

doi:10.1515/mt-2023-0155

Article

Structural comparison of conventional and chiral auxetic morphed aircraft rib

Cevher Yusuf Inan
Cevher Yusuf Inan, born in 1997, is currently an MSc student at the Aerospace Engineering Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany. He received his first MSc at Engineering Sciences Department, Middle East Technical University. He was working as a structural analysis engineer between 2021 and 2023 in Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He was in charge of modeling, writing, and editing of this manuscript.
, Zafer Evis
Prof. Dr. Zafer Evis, born in 1973, is currently a professor at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. He is also a faculty member of the Biomedical Engineering and Micro & Nanotechnology Graduate programs at Middle East Technical University. He received his MSc, Ph.D., and Post Doc degrees from Rensselaer Institute University, Troy, NY, USA in 1999, 2003, and 2004, respectively. His research includes the use of nanotechnology in biomedical applications and additive manufacturing related to lattice structures. He is also a director at Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He was in charge of modeling and editing of this manuscript. He is the corresponding author of this manuscript.
and Berkan Ozturk
Berkan Ozturk, born in 1991, is currently an Engineering Training Designer in Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He received his bachelor at Manufacturing Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University. He is working since 2015 in the industry and specialized in CATIA design tools. He was in charge of the 3D modeling of morphing implementations and editing of this manuscript.

Published/Copyright: November 14, 2023

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From the journal Materials Testing Volume 66 Issue 1

Abstract

Tri-chiral structures are auxetic structures that show negative Poisson’s ratio. This effect is due to their microstructure and geometric sequence. They are used in the development of novel products as they show improved damping and energy absorption properties. While traditional manufacturing methods remain dysfunctional, the development of additive manufacturing technology provides opportunities for new studies in various industries such as aviation, textile, and automotive. In this study, passive airfoil morphing application was applied and a comparative study was carried out. A two-stage study was conducted. First, the tri-chiral pattern was fabricated by an FDM 3D printer with PLA+ and subjected to the in-plane compression test. Stress–strain curves of the tri-chiral structure were generated. Then, it was used in airfoil morphing applications. Morphed airfoil was also manufactured and a compression test was applied. Secondly, the aerostatic loads of the aircraft were calculated. Both conventional and chiral morphed ribs’ behaviors under flight loads were examined using the FEM and results were compared. The weight difference was calculated. In addition, eigenfrequency and eigenvectors of traditional and chiral ribs were computed and transverse vibration frequencies were expressed. Despite being more than 50 % lighter, chiral morphed rib was found to be stiffer than conventional rib.

Keywords: additive manufacturing; lattice structure; auxetic structure; airfoil morphing; modal analysis; finite element analysis

Corresponding author: Zafer Evis, Engineering Science, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 06800, Türkiye; and Aerostructures, Turkish Aerospace Industries Inc, Ankara, 06980, Türkiye, E-mail: evis@metu.edu.tr

About the authors

Cevher Yusuf Inan

Cevher Yusuf Inan, born in 1997, is currently an MSc student at the Aerospace Engineering Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany. He received his first MSc at Engineering Sciences Department, Middle East Technical University. He was working as a structural analysis engineer between 2021 and 2023 in Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He was in charge of modeling, writing, and editing of this manuscript.

Zafer Evis

Prof. Dr. Zafer Evis, born in 1973, is currently a professor at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. He is also a faculty member of the Biomedical Engineering and Micro & Nanotechnology Graduate programs at Middle East Technical University. He received his MSc, Ph.D., and Post Doc degrees from Rensselaer Institute University, Troy, NY, USA in 1999, 2003, and 2004, respectively. His research includes the use of nanotechnology in biomedical applications and additive manufacturing related to lattice structures. He is also a director at Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He was in charge of modeling and editing of this manuscript. He is the corresponding author of this manuscript.

Berkan Ozturk

Berkan Ozturk, born in 1991, is currently an Engineering Training Designer in Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Turkey. He received his bachelor at Manufacturing Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University. He is working since 2015 in the industry and specialized in CATIA design tools. He was in charge of the 3D modeling of morphing implementations and editing of this manuscript.

Research ethics: Prior to initiating the research, the necessary approvals and permissions were obtained from MGP. Proper attribution and citation were observed to prevent plagiarism. All works and ideas of others were properly acknowledged through citations and references.
Author contributions: Cevher Yusuf İnan, born in 1997, is currently an MSc student at the Aerospace Engineering Department, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany. He received his first MSc at Engineering Sciences Department, Middle East Technical University. He was working as a structural analysis engineer between 2021 and 2023 in Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Türkiye. He was in charge of modeling, writing, and editing of this manuscript. Prof. Dr. Zafer Evis, born in 1973, is currently a professor at Middle East Technical University, Turkey. He is also a faculty member of the Biomedical Engineering and Micro & Nanotechnology Graduate programs at Middle East Technical University. He received his MSc, Ph.D., and Post Doc degrees from Rensselaer Institute University, Troy, NY, USA in 1999, 2003, and 2004. His research includes the use of nanotechnology in biomedical applications and additive manufacturing related to lattice structures. He is also a director at Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Türkiye. He was in charge of modeling and editing of this manuscript. He is the corresponding author of this manuscript. Berkan Öztürk, born in 1991, is currently an Engineering Training Designer at Academy Department, Turkish Aerospace, Ankara, Türkiye. He received his bachelor degree at Manufacturing Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University. He has been working since 2015 in the industry and specialized in CATIA Design tools. He was in charge of the 3D modeling of morphing implementations and editing of this manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest that could potentially influence the interpretation of the research findings or affect the objectivity of this study.
Research funding: None declared.
Data availability: The data generated and analyzed during this study are available upon request. Please contact Zafer Evis for access to the data. Data will be shared in compliance with ethical and legal standards.

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Published Online: 2023-11-14

Published in Print: 2024-01-29

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https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0155

Keywords for this article

additive manufacturing; lattice structure; auxetic structure; airfoil morphing; modal analysis; finite element analysis