Comparison of cardiac morphology and function in small for gestational age fetuses and fetuses with late-onset fetal growth retardation
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Ezgi Turgut
,
Halis Özdemir
,
Gökçe Turan
,
Merih Bayram
und
Deniz Karcaaltincaba
Abstract
Objectives
To compare cardiac structural and functional findings of fetuses with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and small for gestational age (SGA).
Methods
In this prospective cohort study, patients were classified into three groups using Delphi procedure according to fetal weight, umbilical, uterine artery Doppler and cerebroplacental ratio. Fetal cardiac ultrasonographic morphology and Doppler examination was performed to all pregnant women at 36 weeks of gestation.
Results
Seventy three patients were included in the study. There were one (6.7%) patient in the control group, 2 (13.3%) in the SGA group and 12 (80%) in the FGR group who needed neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and NICU requirement was significantly higher in FGR fetuses (p<0.001). Left spherical index was found to be lower only among FGR fetuses (p=0.046). Left ventricular wall thickness was decreased and the right/left ventricular wall ratio was increased in FGR fetuses (p=0.006, p<0.001). Tricuspid/mitral valve ratio and mitral annular plane systolic excursion value was lower in FGR fetuses (p=0.034, p=0.024 respectively). Also, myocardial performance index was remarkably higher in FGR group (p=0.002).
Conclusions
We detected cardiac morphological changes in cases of both SGA and FGR—more pronounced in the FGR cases. Findings related to morphological changes on the left side in FGR cases were considered secondary to volume increase in FGR cases as an indicator of a brain-protective effect. In the FGR group, both systolic and diastolic dysfunctions were detected in the left heart.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article to disclose.
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Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
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Ethical approval: The Institutional Ethical Review Board approved the study.
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© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- WAPM Guideline
- The use of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal maturation: clinical practice guideline by the WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine and the PMF-Perinatal Medicine foundation
- Corner of Academy
- Chorioamnionitis has no impact on immunohistochemical expression of IL-6 in placental membranes of the late preterm delivery regardless of the membrane status
- Original Articles – Obstetrics
- Comparison of cardiac morphology and function in small for gestational age fetuses and fetuses with late-onset fetal growth retardation
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal umbilical vein flow and cardiac function: a prospective study
- One year into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: perinatal outcome and data on the transmission of 116 pregnant women
- Adverse perinatal outcomes of chlamydia infections: an ongoing challenge
- Pregnancy outcomes with differences in grain consumption: a randomized controlled trial
- Who needs prenatal counselling with a pediatric surgeon? Experience from a large tertiary care university hospital
- To evaluate the role of placental human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective case control study
- Placental characteristics of selective intrauterine growth restriction with changing patterns in umbilical artery Doppler flow in monochorionic diamniotic twins
- Association between cesarean section rate and maternal age in twin pregnancies
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with delivery techniques for impacted fetal head at cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Experience with direct oral anticoagulants in pregnancy – a systematic review
- Nasal bone in fetal aneuploidy risk assessment: are they independent markers in the first and second trimesters?
- Effects of music on sleep quality and comfort levels of pregnant women
- Original Articles – Fetus
- Rarity of fetal cells in exocervical samples for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
- Original Articles – Neonates
- Effects of oral stimulation with breast milk in preterm infants oral feeding: a randomized clinical trial
- Perinatal factors associated with admission to neonatal intensive care unit following cesarean delivery in Kano, northern Nigeria
- Letter to the Editor
- Intrapartal fetal decapitation after shoulder dystocia – a forensically acceptable or unacceptable complication?
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- WAPM Guideline
- The use of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal maturation: clinical practice guideline by the WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine and the PMF-Perinatal Medicine foundation
- Corner of Academy
- Chorioamnionitis has no impact on immunohistochemical expression of IL-6 in placental membranes of the late preterm delivery regardless of the membrane status
- Original Articles – Obstetrics
- Comparison of cardiac morphology and function in small for gestational age fetuses and fetuses with late-onset fetal growth retardation
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on fetal umbilical vein flow and cardiac function: a prospective study
- One year into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: perinatal outcome and data on the transmission of 116 pregnant women
- Adverse perinatal outcomes of chlamydia infections: an ongoing challenge
- Pregnancy outcomes with differences in grain consumption: a randomized controlled trial
- Who needs prenatal counselling with a pediatric surgeon? Experience from a large tertiary care university hospital
- To evaluate the role of placental human papilloma virus (HPV) infection as a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective case control study
- Placental characteristics of selective intrauterine growth restriction with changing patterns in umbilical artery Doppler flow in monochorionic diamniotic twins
- Association between cesarean section rate and maternal age in twin pregnancies
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with delivery techniques for impacted fetal head at cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Experience with direct oral anticoagulants in pregnancy – a systematic review
- Nasal bone in fetal aneuploidy risk assessment: are they independent markers in the first and second trimesters?
- Effects of music on sleep quality and comfort levels of pregnant women
- Original Articles – Fetus
- Rarity of fetal cells in exocervical samples for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
- Original Articles – Neonates
- Effects of oral stimulation with breast milk in preterm infants oral feeding: a randomized clinical trial
- Perinatal factors associated with admission to neonatal intensive care unit following cesarean delivery in Kano, northern Nigeria
- Letter to the Editor
- Intrapartal fetal decapitation after shoulder dystocia – a forensically acceptable or unacceptable complication?
