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Vacancies in thermal equilibrium and ferromagnetism near the Curie temperature

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Published/Copyright: February 12, 2022
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 93 Issue 10

Abstract

In several refractory body-centred cubic metals (α-Fe, V, Nb, Ta) the binding energy of positrons (e+) trapped in vacancies is too small to permit accurate determinations of the enthalpy of formation of monovacancies, H1VF, by high-temperature positron annihilation. Owing to their larger mass, trapped positive muons (μ+) and π-mesons (π+) are much more firmly bound to vacancies. It is argued that the lattice steering (channelling or blocking) of their charged decay products (e+ or μ+) allows us to obtain accurate H1VF values of the refractory bcc metals. In ferromagnets with high Curie temperatures TC, such as α-Fe, Co, and FeCo alloys, H1VF may also be deduced from muon spin rotation (μ+SR) measurements. However, in Fe and Co this approach is limited by the strong sensitivity of the spontaneous magnetization against temperature fluctuations near TC. The reduction of this sensitivity in the so-called asymptotic critical regime by applying sufficiently strong external magnetic fields is investigated on the basis of the Arrott– Noakes equation. A method for determining the critical amplitudes occurring in this equation is proposed.

In disordered Fe1–xCox alloys (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.75) the Curie temperatures are sufficiently high for the spontaneous magnetization in the bcc phase not to be critically affected by temperature fluctuations, hence these alloys are well suited for μ+SR investigations of thermal vacancies. From an analysis of the available positron-annihilation and self-diffusion data the vacancy migration enthalpy in disordered Fe0.5Co0.5 is found to be (1.1 ± 0.2) eV, in good agreement with quenching data and with the value established for α-Fe.

Keywords: Refractory bcc metals; α-Fe; FeCo alloys; Lattice vacancies; Vacancy formation enthalpy; Positron annihilation; Lattice steering; Muon spin rotation; Critical domain in ferromagnets; Arrott –Noakes equation

Dedicated to Professor Dr. Helmut Kronmüller on the occasion of his 70th birthday

Prof. Dr. A. Seeger Universität Stuttgart, Institut für theoretische und angewandte Physik Pfaffenwaldring 57/VI, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany Fax: +49 711 685 5271

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Received: 2002-07-12
Published Online: 2022-02-12

© 2002 Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Editorial
  4. Articles/Aufsätze
  5. Interplay between chemical and magnetic roughness of Pt in a Pt/Co bilayer investigated with X-ray resonant magnetic reflectometry
  6. Thermal stability and magnetic anisotropy dispersion in high-density hard-disk media
  7. Thickness dependence of magnetization structures in thin Permalloy rectangles
  8. Solving the selectivity problem in magnetic random access memories using configurations that form C-states
  9. Second-order magnetoelastic effects: From the Dirac equation to the magnetic properties of ultrathin epitaxial films for magnetic thin-film applications
  10. Magnetic relaxation in nanocrystalline systems: linking Monte Carlo steps with time
  11. Effect of domain size on the magneto-elastic damping in amorphous ferromagnetic metals
  12. The character and role of grain boundaries in NdFeB-type alloys and magnets
  13. Magnetic domain structure and spin reorientation process
  14. Magnetic properties of Tb(Fe, Mo)12 and Tb(Fe, Mo)12C compounds
  15. Microstructure, magnetic properties and magnetic hardening in 2 : 17 Sm–Co magnets
  16. Micromagnetism and microstructure – tailoring of high-performance permanent magnets
  17. Metastable alloys at moderate cooling rates
  18. Thermal critical phenomena and crossover between critical regimes in ferromagnets with long-range interactions
  19. Vacancies in thermal equilibrium and ferromagnetism near the Curie temperature
  20. The vortex lattice in superconductors
  21. Functional substrates – a novel approach to tailor transport properties and flux-line pinning in YBa2Cu3O7 – x thin films
  22. Superconducting permanent magnets and their application in magnetic levitation
  23. Magneto-optical studies of flux pinning in high-temperature superconductors
  24. Atomic transport in amorphous metals
  25. A novel technique for measuring diffusivities of short-lived radioisotopes in solids
  26. Hydrogen four-level tunnel systems in substitutional body-centred cubic alloys
  27. Magnetic relaxation phenomena in cobalt
  28. The Verwey transition in magnetite as studied by means of definite impurity doping
  29. Notifications/Mitteilungen
  30. Personal/Personelles
  31. Bücher/Books
  32. Conferences/Konferenzen
  33. DGM Training/DGM Fortbildung
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2002-0178
Keywords for this article
Refractory bcc metals; α-Fe; FeCo alloys; Lattice vacancies; Vacancy formation enthalpy; Positron annihilation; Lattice steering; Muon spin rotation; Critical domain in ferromagnets; Arrott –Noakes equation

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Editorial
  4. Articles/Aufsätze
  5. Interplay between chemical and magnetic roughness of Pt in a Pt/Co bilayer investigated with X-ray resonant magnetic reflectometry
  6. Thermal stability and magnetic anisotropy dispersion in high-density hard-disk media
  7. Thickness dependence of magnetization structures in thin Permalloy rectangles
  8. Solving the selectivity problem in magnetic random access memories using configurations that form C-states
  9. Second-order magnetoelastic effects: From the Dirac equation to the magnetic properties of ultrathin epitaxial films for magnetic thin-film applications
  10. Magnetic relaxation in nanocrystalline systems: linking Monte Carlo steps with time
  11. Effect of domain size on the magneto-elastic damping in amorphous ferromagnetic metals
  12. The character and role of grain boundaries in NdFeB-type alloys and magnets
  13. Magnetic domain structure and spin reorientation process
  14. Magnetic properties of Tb(Fe, Mo)12 and Tb(Fe, Mo)12C compounds
  15. Microstructure, magnetic properties and magnetic hardening in 2 : 17 Sm–Co magnets
  16. Micromagnetism and microstructure – tailoring of high-performance permanent magnets
  17. Metastable alloys at moderate cooling rates
  18. Thermal critical phenomena and crossover between critical regimes in ferromagnets with long-range interactions
  19. Vacancies in thermal equilibrium and ferromagnetism near the Curie temperature
  20. The vortex lattice in superconductors
  21. Functional substrates – a novel approach to tailor transport properties and flux-line pinning in YBa2Cu3O7 – x thin films
  22. Superconducting permanent magnets and their application in magnetic levitation
  23. Magneto-optical studies of flux pinning in high-temperature superconductors
  24. Atomic transport in amorphous metals
  25. A novel technique for measuring diffusivities of short-lived radioisotopes in solids
  26. Hydrogen four-level tunnel systems in substitutional body-centred cubic alloys
  27. Magnetic relaxation phenomena in cobalt
  28. The Verwey transition in magnetite as studied by means of definite impurity doping
  29. Notifications/Mitteilungen
  30. Personal/Personelles
  31. Bücher/Books
  32. Conferences/Konferenzen
  33. DGM Training/DGM Fortbildung
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