Home Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation

  • Wael Abdelmoez EMAIL logo , Aghareed M. Tayeb , Ahmad Mustafa and Mohamed Abdelhamid
Published/Copyright: February 9, 2016
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering
From the journal International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering Volume 14 Issue 1

Abstract

Currently the economics of biodiesel production is the main obstacle to its large-scale industrialization. The high cost is mainly due to the cost of the expensive feedstocks used in the production process. In the past years, researchers have studied several methods to reduce the production cost of biodiesel. One method involved replacing the edible oil feedstock with the non edible one such as Jojoba oil. In this research Jojoba oil was extracted by subcritical water technology to produce jojoba oil-based biodiesel. This represents a promising alternative route for cleaner and sustainable fuel production through transestrification reaction with methanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide. The transestrification reaction has been optimized in batch reactor with a molar ratio of 6:1 methanol to jojoba oil, using a concentration of 1.35 wt% potassium hydroxide and vigorous stirring of 600 rpm at different temperatures of 25, 40 and 50 °C. The obtained conversions under these conditions were 83, 87, and 95 % after 80, 50, and 25 min, respectively. Based on the obtained data, a complete design for the process was developed and optimized by using ASPEN HYSYS simulation software. The maximum expected yields of methyl jojoboate, jojobyl alcohol, and methanol recovery were found to be 99.14, 93.3 and 99.9 %, respectively.

Keywords: biodiesel; jojoba oil; modeling and simulation; process design

References

1. Abbott, T., Holser, R., Plattner, B., 1999. Pilot Scale Isolation of Simmondsin and Related Jojoba Constituents. Ind. Crop. Prod. 10, 65–72.10.1016/S0926-6690(99)00011-4Search in Google Scholar

2. Abdelmoez, W., Abdelhamid M., Yoshida, H., 2012. Extraction of Jojoba Oil Using Subcritical Water Technology. Recent Patents Chem. Eng. 5, 63–70.10.2174/2211334711205010063Search in Google Scholar

3. Abdelmoez, W., Mostafa, N.A., Mustafa, A., 2013. Utilization of Oleochemical Industry Residues for Lipase Production for Enzymatic Sunflower Oil Hydrolysis. J. Clean. Prod. 59, 290–297.10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.06.032Search in Google Scholar

4. Abdelmoez, W., Mustafa A., 2014. Oleochemical Industry Future Through Biotechnology. J. Oleo. Sci. 70, 68-77.10.5650/jos.ess14022Search in Google Scholar

5. Abdelmoez, W., Nage S.M., Bastawess, A., Ihab, A., Yoshida, H., 2014. Subcritical Water Technology for Wheat Straw Hydrolysis to Produce Value Added Products. J. Clean. Prod. 70, 68–77.10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.02.011Search in Google Scholar

6. Al-Hamamre, Z., Al-Salaymeh, A., 2014. Physical Properties of (Jojoba Oil + Biodiesel), (Jojoba Oil + Diesel) and (Biodiesel+Diesel) Blends. Fuel 123, 175–188.10.1016/j.fuel.2014.01.047Search in Google Scholar

7. Antolin, G., Tinaut, F., 2002. Optimization of Biodiesel Production by Sunflower Oil Transestrification. Bioresour. Technol. 83, 111–114.10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00200-0Search in Google Scholar

8. Arabi, M., Allawzi, M., Tamimi, A., 2000. Extraction of Jojoba Oil by Pressing and Leaching. Chem. Eng. J. 5, 61–76.10.1016/S1385-8947(99)00119-9Search in Google Scholar

9. Bouaid, A., Bajo, L., Martinez, M., Aracil, J., 2007. Optimization of Biodiesel Production From Jojoba Oil. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 85, 378–382.10.1205/psep07004Search in Google Scholar

10. Breysse, J., Farines, M., Soulier, J., 1994. Jojoba Wax: Its Esters and Some of Its Minor Components. JAOCS 71, 999–1001.10.1007/BF02542268Search in Google Scholar

11. Canoira, L., Alcantara, R., Garcia-Martinez, J., Carrasco, J., 2006. Biodiesel from Jojoba Oil-Wax: Transestrification with Methanol and Properties as a Fuel. Biomass Bioenergy. 30, 76–81.10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.07.002Search in Google Scholar

12. Devanesan, M., Viruthagiri, T., Sugumar, N., 2007. Transestrification of Jatropha Oil Using Immobilized Pseudomonas Fluorescens. African J. Biotech. 6, 2497–2501.10.5897/AJB2007.000-2396Search in Google Scholar

13. Hussein, L., Elsabee, M.Z., Ismail, E.A., Naguib, H.F., Aziz, H.A., Elsawy, M.A., 2014. Transesterification of Jojoba Oil-Wax Using Microwave Technique. Int. J. Environ. Earth Sci. Eng. 8, 248–252.Search in Google Scholar

14. Kerby, J., 2002. Immobilized Lipase Catalyzed Production of Alkyl Esters of Restaurant Grease as Biodiesel. Biotech. Appl. Biochem. 36, 181–186.10.1042/BA20020007Search in Google Scholar PubMed

15. Kulkarni, M., Dalai, A., Bakhshi, N., 2007. Transestrification of Canola Oil in Mixed Methanol/Ethanol System and Use of Esters as Lubricity Additive. Bioresour. Technol. 98, 2027–2033.10.1016/j.biortech.2006.08.025Search in Google Scholar PubMed

16. Marchetti, J., Miguel, M., Errazu, A., 2007. Possible Methods for Biodiesel Production. Renew Sust. Energ. Rev. 11, 1300–1311.10.1016/j.rser.2005.08.006Search in Google Scholar

17. Mohamad, I., Al-Widyan, A., Mu’taz, Al-Muhtaseb A., 2010. Experimental investigation of jojoba as renewable energy source. Energy Convers. Manage. 51, 1702–1707.10.1016/j.enconman.2009.11.043Search in Google Scholar

18. Radwan, M.S., Selim, S.K., Kader, A.M., 1997. Ignition delay period of jojoba diesel engine fuel. In: proceedings of the SAE special publication.10.4271/972975Search in Google Scholar

19. Schuchardt, U., Sercheli, R., Vargas, R., 1998. Transestrification of Vegetable Oils: A Review. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 9, 199–210.10.1590/S0103-50531998000300002Search in Google Scholar

20. Shah, M., Ali, S., Tariq, M., Khalid, N., Ahmad, F., Khan, M.A., 2014. Catalytic Conversion of Jojoba Oil into Biodiesel by Organotin Catalysts, Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Characterization. Fuel 118, 392–397.10.1016/j.fuel.2013.11.010Search in Google Scholar

21. Shani, A., 1995. The Struggles of Jojoba. Chemtech 25, 49–54.Search in Google Scholar

22. Singh, A., Fernando, S., 2006. Catalyzed fast transestrification of soybean oil using ultrasonication. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, ASAE Annual Meeting.Search in Google Scholar

23. The Egyptian company for natural oils (NATOIL), 10th of Ramadan city, Egypt.Search in Google Scholar

24. Turkenburg, W., 2000. Renewable Energy Technologies, United Nations Development Program,New York, pp. 219–272.Search in Google Scholar

25. West, A.H., Posarac, D., Ellis, N., 2008. Assessment of Four Biodiesel Production Processes Using HYSYS Plant. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 6587–6601.10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.046Search in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Zah, R., Böni, H., Gauch, M., Hischier, R., Lehmann, M., Wäger, P., 2007. Life cycle Assessment of Energy Products. Environmental Assessment of Biofuels; Empa: St. Gallen, Switzerland.Search in Google Scholar

27. Zhang, Y., Dube, M.A., McLean, D.D., Kates, M., 2003. Biodiesel Production From Waste Cooking Oil: 1. Process Design and Technological Assessment. Bioresour. Technol. 89, 1–16.10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00040-3Search in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2016-2-9
Published in Print: 2016-2-1

©2016 by De Gruyter

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review
  3. Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
  4. Research Articles
  5. Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
  6. Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
  7. CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
  8. Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
  9. Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
  10. Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
  11. Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
  12. DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
  13. Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
  14. Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
  15. Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
  16. Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
  17. Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
  18. Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
  19. Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
  20. Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
  21. CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
  22. Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
  23. Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
  24. Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
  25. Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
  26. Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
  27. Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
  28. Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
  29. Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
  30. Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
  31. Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
  32. An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
  33. Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
  34. Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
  35. Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
  36. Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
  37. Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
  38. Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
  39. Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
  40. Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
  41. Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
  42. Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
  43. Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
  44. CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
  45. A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
  46. Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
  47. Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
  48. Short Communications
  49. Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
  50. Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
  51. Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
  52. Corrigendum
  53. Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2015-0070
Keywords for this article
biodiesel; jojoba oil; modeling and simulation; process design

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review
  3. Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
  4. Research Articles
  5. Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
  6. Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
  7. CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
  8. Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
  9. Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
  10. Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
  11. Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
  12. DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
  13. Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
  14. Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
  15. Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
  16. Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
  17. Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
  18. Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
  19. Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
  20. Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
  21. CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
  22. Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
  23. Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
  24. Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
  25. Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
  26. Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
  27. Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
  28. Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
  29. Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
  30. Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
  31. Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
  32. An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
  33. Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
  34. Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
  35. Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
  36. Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
  37. Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
  38. Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
  39. Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
  40. Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
  41. Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
  42. Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
  43. Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
  44. CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
  45. A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
  46. Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
  47. Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
  48. Short Communications
  49. Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
  50. Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
  51. Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
  52. Corrigendum
  53. Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 16.11.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijcre-2015-0070/pdf
Scroll to top button