Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
-
Aliakbar Roosta
,
Jafar Javanmardi
Abstract
In this study, a new approach is proposed to investigate the kinetics of sunflower oil and rapeseed oil transesterification in the presence of potassium hydroxide. Transesterification is a heterogeneous process which affected by a number of parameters, that are not readily available in the literature, such as mass transfer coefficients, partition coefficients, and specific surface area of the dispersed phase. However, under intense agitation condition, mass transfer restrictions may be neglected, and the two phases are supposed to remain in thermodynamic equilibrium, during the process. Therefore, a model was developed independent of the mass transfer coefficient and specific surface area, which is reliable for the intense agitation condition. According to the results, the model is valid at least for mixing rates over 500 rpm. The results of the model were used to study the effects of temperature, methanol-to-oil ratio, and catalyst concentration on the biodiesel conversion. Biodiesel production rate increases with increasing temperature, although rapeseed oil transesterification is more temperature dependent. The results show that the maximum amount of catalyst concentration is less than 1% (by weight); however, the optimum value depends on the operating temperature. The optimum value of the methanol-to-oil-ratio decreases with increasing temperature. Thus, at higher temperatures, less amount of methanol and catalyst are required, which leads to easier purification of biodiesel.
Nomenclature
- Aj
frequency factor of Arrhenius equation (L mol−1 min−1)
- C
concentration (mol L−1)
- Ea
activation energy (kJ mol−1)
- kj
reaction rate constant of reaction j (L mol−1 min−1)
- R
gas constant (kJ mol−1 K−1)
- T
temperature (K)
- t
time (min)
- øi
partition coefficient of component i
- Abbreviation
- A
alcohol
- AAD
average absolute deviation
- DG
diglyceride
- E
ester
- FAME
fatty acid methyl ester
- G
glycerol
- LLE
liquid liquid equilibrium
- MeOH
methanol
- MG
monoglyceride
- TG
triglyceride
- Subscription
- o
oil phase
- m
methanol phase
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©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
- Research Articles
- Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
- Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
- CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
- Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
- Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
- Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
- Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
- DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
- Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
- Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
- Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
- Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
- Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
- Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
- Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
- Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
- CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
- Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
- Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
- Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
- Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
- Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
- Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
- Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
- Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
- Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
- Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
- An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
- Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
- Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
- Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
- Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
- Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
- Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
- Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
- Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
- Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
- Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
- Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
- CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
- A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
- Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
- Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
- Short Communications
- Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
- Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
- Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
- Research Articles
- Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
- Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
- CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
- Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
- Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
- Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
- Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
- DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
- Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
- Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
- Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
- Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
- Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
- Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
- Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
- Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
- CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
- Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
- Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
- Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
- Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
- Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
- Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
- Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
- Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
- Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
- Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
- An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
- Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
- Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
- Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
- Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
- Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
- Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
- Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
- Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
- Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
- Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
- Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
- CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
- A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
- Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
- Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
- Short Communications
- Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
- Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
- Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
