Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
-
Emine Kaya Ekinci
,
Gamze Gündüz
Abstract
Acetates of glycerol have been produced in a heterogeneous reaction system using acidic ion-exchange resin catalysts; Amberlyst-15 (A-15), Amberlyst-16 (A-16), Amberlyst-36 (A-36), Amberlite-IR 120 (A-IR 120) and Relite-EXC8D (R-EXC8D). Effect of reaction temperature on glycerol conversion and product (mono, di and tri glycerol acetates) selectivities were investigated via reaction experiments conducted with glycerol to acetic acid initial molar ratio (G/Ac) of 1/6. Increase in glycerol conversion with an increase in temperature was observed for all catalysts. Among the catalysts investigated, R-EXC8D exhibited the highest activity in the temperature range of 95–150°C. Reaction was completed within a 25 minute short time period.
Acknowledgements
Financial support from University Research Funds through Gazi University (06/2010-24) is gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge to Resindion (A subsidiary of Mitsubishi Chemical) for supplying the Relite EXC8D catalyst.
References
1. Zhou, C.-H., Beltramini, J.N., Fana Y.-X., Lu, G.Q., 2008. Chemoselective catalytic conversion of glycerol as a biorenewable source to valuable commodity chemicals. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37, 527–549.10.1039/B707343GSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
2. Liao X., Zhu, Y., Wang, S.-G., Li, Y., 2009. Producing triacetylglycerol with glycerol by two steps: Esterification and acetylation. Fuel Process. Technol. 90, 988–993.10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.03.015Search in Google Scholar
3. Garcia, E., Laca, M., Perez, E., Garrido, A., Peinado, J., 2008. New class of Acetal derived from Glycerin as a biodiesel fuel component. Energy Fuels 22, 4274–4280.10.1021/ef800477mSearch in Google Scholar
4. Casas, A., Ruiz, J.R., Ramos, M.J., Perez, A., 2010. Effects of triacetin on biodiesel quality. Energy Fuels 24, 4481–4489.10.1021/ef100406bSearch in Google Scholar
5. Ferreira, P., Fonseca, I.M., Ramos, A.M., Vital J., Castanheiro, J.E., 2010. Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid over dodecamolybdophosphoric acid encaged in USY zeolite. Catal. Commun. 10, 481–484.10.1016/j.catcom.2008.10.015Search in Google Scholar
6. Balaraju, M., Nikhitha, P., Jagadeeswaraiah, K., Srilatha, K., Sai Prasad, P.S., Lingaiah N., 2010. Acetylation of glycerol to synthesize bioadditives over niobic acid supported tungstophosphoric acid catalysts. Fuel Process. Technol 91, 249–253.10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.10.005Search in Google Scholar
7. Gonçalves, L.C., Pinto, B.P., Silva, J.C., Mota C.J.A., 2008. Acetylation of glycerol catalyzed by different solid acids. Catal. Today 133–135, 673–677.10.1016/j.cattod.2007.12.037Search in Google Scholar
8. Dosuna-Rodriguez, I., Gaignaux, E.M., 2012. Glycerol acetylation catalysed by ion exchange resins. Catal. Today 195, 14–21.10.1016/j.cattod.2012.04.031Search in Google Scholar
9. Ozbay, N., Oktar, N., Dogu, G., Dogu, T., 2013. Activity comparison of different solid acid catalysts in etherification of glycerol with tert-butyl alcohol in flow and batch reactors. Top. Catal. 56, 1790–1803.10.1007/s11244-013-0116-0Search in Google Scholar
10. Ozbay, N., Oktar, N., Tapan, N.A., 2008. Esterification of free fatty acids in waste cooking oils (WCO): Role of ion-exchange resins. Fuel 87, 1789–1798.10.1016/j.fuel.2007.12.010Search in Google Scholar
©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
- Research Articles
- Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
- Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
- CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
- Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
- Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
- Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
- Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
- DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
- Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
- Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
- Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
- Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
- Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
- Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
- Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
- Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
- CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
- Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
- Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
- Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
- Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
- Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
- Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
- Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
- Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
- Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
- Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
- An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
- Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
- Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
- Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
- Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
- Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
- Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
- Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
- Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
- Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
- Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
- Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
- CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
- A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
- Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
- Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
- Short Communications
- Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
- Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
- Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Review
- Novel Membrane Reactor Concepts for Hydrogen Production from Hydrocarbons: A Review
- Research Articles
- Modeling and Simulation Study of an Industrial Radial Moving Bed Reactor for Propane Dehydrogenation Process
- Oxidative Degradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Medium Catalyzed by Lab Prepared Nickel Hydroxide
- CFD Modelling of a Hollow Fibre Membrane for CO2 Removal by Aqueous Amine Solutions of MEA, DEA and MDEA
- Performance Study of a Thermally Double Coupled Multi-Tubular Reactor by Considering the Effect of Flow Type Patterns
- Radiative Three-Dimensional Flow with Chemical Reaction
- Three-Phase Model of a Fluidized-Bed Catalytic Reactor for Polyethylene Synthesis
- Study on the Effect of Nickel Doping on Mo-Bi Based Catalyst for Selective Oxidation of Isobutene to Methacrolein
- DM Water Plant Sedimentation as a Cheap and Waste Source of Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
- Recovery of Biogas from Meat Industry Wastewater Using Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR): Modeling and Optimization
- Comparison of CFD Simulation and Simplified Modeling of a Fluidized Bed CO2 Capture Reactor
- Kinetic Study for Platinum Extraction from Spent Catalyst in Cyanide Solution at High Temperatures
- Hydroisomerization of Biomass Derived n-Hexadecane Towards Diesel Pool: Effect of Selective Removal External Surface Sites from Pt/ZSM-22
- Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity Effects on Casson Flow and Heat Transfer due to an Exponentially Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation and Heat Generation
- Optimization of Nickel Chemical Extraction from Hazardous Residue
- Green Approach for Biodiesel Production from Jojoba Oil Supported by Process Modeling and Simulation
- Differentiating Process Performance of Various Coagulants in Removal of Congo red and Orange G Dyes
- CFD Simulation of Hydrodynamic of a Bubble Column Reactor Operating in Churn-Turbulent Regime and Effect of Gas Inlet Distribution on System Characteristics
- Transformation of Phenolic Compounds by Fe(III) in the Aqueous Solution in Dark and Under Irradiation
- Transient Predictive Model for Dynamic Analysis, Kinetic Study, and Reactor Design of Triglycerides Transesterification to Biodiesel
- Screening of Alternative Carbon Sources for Recombinant Protein Production in Pichia pastoris
- Optimization of a Large Scale Industrial Reactor Towards Tailor Made Polymers Using Genetic Algorithm
- Model of Reactive Transport within a Light Photocatalytic Textile
- Preparation of Chitosan based Nanofibers: Optimization and Modeling
- Adsorption of As (III) on Iron Coated Quartz Sand: Influence of Temperature on the Equilibrium Isotherm, Thermodynamics and Isosteric Heat of Adsorption Analysis
- Resistance Characteristics of Coal Slime in Pipe Flow at High Pressure
- Activity Comparison of Acidic Resins in the Production of Valuable Glycerol Acetates
- Bulk Polymerization of Styrene using Multifunctional Initiators in a Batch Reactor: A Comprehensive Mathematical Model
- An Effective Reaction Rate Model for Gas-Solid Reactions with High Intra-Particle Diffusion Resistance
- Heart-Like Micro-Flow Mixer
- Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
- Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
- Steady-State Modeling of Pt-Catalyzed H2 Combustion in a Monolithic Reactor: From Micro- to Macro-kinetics
- Premixed Methanol–Air Combustion Characteristics in a Mini-scale Catalytic Combustor
- Kinetic Modeling of VOC Photocatalytic Degradation Using a Process at Different Reactor Configurations and Scales
- Improvement of Activated Sludge Process Using a Nonlinear PI Controller Design via Adaptive Gain
- Modeling and Simulation of a Pilot-Scale Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier for the Gasification of High Ash Indian Coal Using Eulerian Granular Approach
- Performance of a Catalytic Gas–Solid Fluidized Bed Reactor in the Presence of Interparticle Forces
- Mathematical Modeling of Biodiesel Production under Intense Agitation
- Extended Aeration Activated Sludge Reactor (EAASR) for Removal of Nitrobenzene: Air Stripped or Biologically Removed?
- CFD Modeling of Algae Flash Pyrolysis in the Batch Fluidized Bed Reactor Including Heat Carrier Particles
- A Robust Extended State Observer for the Estimation of Concentration and Kinetics in a CSTR
- Dynamic Modeling of CATOFIN® Fixed-Bed Iso-Butane Dehydrogenation Reactor for Operational Optimization
- Effect of Biomass Compositions on Combustion Kinetic Parameters using Response Surface Methodology
- Short Communications
- Discussions on Particle Flux Measurement in Gas-Solids Risers
- Use of New Regeneration Processes for Thermolabile Amines
- Oxidative-Extractive Desulfurization of Liquid Fuel by Dimethyl Sulfoxide and ZnCl2 Based Ionic Liquid
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to: Performance Analysis of Immobilized Enzyme Semifluidised Bed Bioreactors
