Neurophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a new biomarker in laboratory medicine
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Konstantinos Makris
Konstantinos Makris, PhD, EurClinChem, graduated in Biology from Aristotelion University of Thessaloniki, Greece in 1981. From 1985 to 2002 he worked in the blood transfusion service of the KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. In 1996, he gained his PhD in laboratory hematology and transfusion medicine from the Medical School of the University of Patras, Greece, with a research project on transfusion transmitted hepatitis. From 2002 he worked in the Clinical Biochemistry Department of KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. He has been a member of the European Registry of Clinical Biochemists since 2003. His main research interests include biomarkers for cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases. He has several publication in the fields of clinical biochemistry and transfusion medicine and is also a reviewer for Clinical Chemistry, JACC, and Journal of Translational Medicine.
Demetrios A. Rizos, Assistant Professor of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece. He is the Scientific Director of the “Hormone” Laboratory, “Aretaieio” Hospital. He has been the President of the Greek Society of Clinical Chemistry-Clinical Biochemistry and is currently the President of the Greek National Clinical Chemistry Registration Committee. He is author of 103 published papers in peer reviewed journals with more than 800 total citations.
Nikolaos Kafkas, MD, PhD, FESC, graduated in medicine from University of Athens Greece in 1987. In 1997, he specialized in Cardiology at G. Genimatas General Hospital of Athens and in 2006 he specialized in interventional cardiology at Onaseion Cardiac Surgery Center of Athens, Greece. Currently he is working as a staff member of the Cardiology Department at KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. In 2008, he gained his PhD in Cardiology from the Medical School of the University of Athens, Greece, with a research project on the role of procalcitonin in coronary artery disease. He currently is the head of the intervention cardiology laboratory of the KAT general hospital. He has published several articles in peer review journals and presented in international congresses.
Alexander Haliassos studied medicine at the National University of Athens (UoA), Greece. He continued his studies on electronics applied in the medical field and in human genetics at the Medical School of Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France. After his 2 years service as a Medical Doctor in the Greek Air Force he continued his studies as Post-doctoral fellow at the “Institut de Pathologie Moléculaire” of René Descartes University, Paris V, France where was trained in the new techniques of Molecular Biology. He obtained his PhD diploma on 1989 at the Medical School (UoA). From 1991 to 1993 he was Medical Doctor-Research fellow at the National Research Foundation, Institute for Biological Research and Biotechnology in Athens. He organized and directed subsequently the core laboratories (including the Blood Bank) of the Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, the Athens Euroclinic and the Metropolitan Hospital at Athens. He obtained the title of European Clinical Chemist (EurClinChem) in 2003. He published more than 40 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals, made more than 70 oral presentations and participated in 110 posters in international meetings.
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25 kDa protein of the lipocalin superfamily. This protein is expressed and secreted by immune cells, hepatocytes, and renal tubular cells in various pathologic states. NGAL has recently generated great interest as an early biomarker of renal injury. However, like many other endogenous biomarkers it is not produced by just one cell type and it exists in more than one molecular form. As recent research has shown different pathological conditions may involved in the production of this molecule. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the biology of NGAL and examines the role of this molecule of acute renal injury as well as in other pathologic conditions like neoplasia, anemia, pregnancy, cardiovascular disease chronic kidney disease and in cardiorenal syndrome. Commercial and research immunoassays are used to measure NGAL in both plasma and urine but these assays are not standardized. The existence of different molecular forms of NGAL and their expression at various disease states further complicates the interpretation of the results. Pre analytical issues and biological variation are also not fully elucidated.
About the authors
Konstantinos Makris, PhD, EurClinChem, graduated in Biology from Aristotelion University of Thessaloniki, Greece in 1981. From 1985 to 2002 he worked in the blood transfusion service of the KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. In 1996, he gained his PhD in laboratory hematology and transfusion medicine from the Medical School of the University of Patras, Greece, with a research project on transfusion transmitted hepatitis. From 2002 he worked in the Clinical Biochemistry Department of KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. He has been a member of the European Registry of Clinical Biochemists since 2003. His main research interests include biomarkers for cardiovascular, renal and metabolic diseases. He has several publication in the fields of clinical biochemistry and transfusion medicine and is also a reviewer for Clinical Chemistry, JACC, and Journal of Translational Medicine.
Demetrios A. Rizos, Assistant Professor of Clinical Chemistry, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece. He is the Scientific Director of the “Hormone” Laboratory, “Aretaieio” Hospital. He has been the President of the Greek Society of Clinical Chemistry-Clinical Biochemistry and is currently the President of the Greek National Clinical Chemistry Registration Committee. He is author of 103 published papers in peer reviewed journals with more than 800 total citations.
Nikolaos Kafkas, MD, PhD, FESC, graduated in medicine from University of Athens Greece in 1987. In 1997, he specialized in Cardiology at G. Genimatas General Hospital of Athens and in 2006 he specialized in interventional cardiology at Onaseion Cardiac Surgery Center of Athens, Greece. Currently he is working as a staff member of the Cardiology Department at KAT General Hospital in Athens, Greece. In 2008, he gained his PhD in Cardiology from the Medical School of the University of Athens, Greece, with a research project on the role of procalcitonin in coronary artery disease. He currently is the head of the intervention cardiology laboratory of the KAT general hospital. He has published several articles in peer review journals and presented in international congresses.
Alexander Haliassos studied medicine at the National University of Athens (UoA), Greece. He continued his studies on electronics applied in the medical field and in human genetics at the Medical School of Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France. After his 2 years service as a Medical Doctor in the Greek Air Force he continued his studies as Post-doctoral fellow at the “Institut de Pathologie Moléculaire” of René Descartes University, Paris V, France where was trained in the new techniques of Molecular Biology. He obtained his PhD diploma on 1989 at the Medical School (UoA). From 1991 to 1993 he was Medical Doctor-Research fellow at the National Research Foundation, Institute for Biological Research and Biotechnology in Athens. He organized and directed subsequently the core laboratories (including the Blood Bank) of the Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, the Athens Euroclinic and the Metropolitan Hospital at Athens. He obtained the title of European Clinical Chemist (EurClinChem) in 2003. He published more than 40 papers in peer-reviewed scientific journals, made more than 70 oral presentations and participated in 110 posters in international meetings.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL): the laboratory perspective
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL): the clinician’s perspective
- Serum creatinine and the search for new biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI): the story continues
- Interference of new oral anticoagulants with frequently used coagulation tests
- Reviews
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biomarker of acute kidney injury: a review of the laboratory characteristics and clinical evidences
- Neurophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a new biomarker in laboratory medicine
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review
- Opinion Paper
- Collective opinion paper on findings of the 2011 convocation of experts on laboratory quality
- Guidelines and Recommendations
- Proposals for the mitigation of the environmental impact of clinical laboratories
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- Improvement in the performance of external quality assessment in Korean HIV clinical laboratories using unrecalcified human plasma
- Validation of a new generation POCT glucose device with emphasis on aspects important for glycemic control in the hospital care
- Evaluation of NGAL Test™, a fully-automated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) immunoassay on Beckman Coulter AU 5822
- Variation of serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) after strenuous physical exercise
- Analytic and clinical validation of a standardized cystatin C particle enhanced turbidimetric assay (PETIA) to estimate glomerular filtration rate
- Compensating for the influence of total serum protein in the Schwartz formula
- Interference of the new oral anticoagulant dabigatran with frequently used coagulation tests
- Testing for lupus anticoagulants – fresh or frozen?
- Effect of coagulation factors on discrepancies in International Normalized Ratio results between instruments
- Mobile Laboratory Unit: a disruptor solution for hemostasis management during major surgery. Usage in the context of face transplantation
- Comparison of capillary electrophoregram among heterozygous Hb Hope, Hb Hope/α-thalassemia-1 SEA type deletion and Hb Hope/β0-thalassemia
- Aberrant lamellar body counts noted on the Beckman Coulter Unicel DxH 800
- Plasma betaine concentrations correlate with plasma cortisol but not with C-reactive protein in an elderly population
- Determinants of the essential one-carbon metabolism metabolites, homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine and folate, in cerebrospinal fluid
- Application of a modified precipitation method for the measurement of small dense LDL-cholesterol (sd-LDL-C) in a population in southern Brazil
- Cancer Diagnostics
- BCR-ABL fusion protein detection in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples of adult precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients using the flow cytometric immunobead assay
- Clinical and pathological features of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas lacking the surface expression of immunoglobulin light chains
- Statistical learning confirms the diagnostic significance of the anemia panel in breast cancer
- Letters to the Editor
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: comparison of the use of EDTA and heparin plasma
- Time- and temperature-dependent stability of troponin standard reference material 2921 in serum and plasma
- Triplex PCR amplicons genotyping by high resolution melting using Rotor Gene 6000 platform
- Effect of high RNA concentrations in real time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) yields
- Detection of differential protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis through two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis
- Phosphate inhibits calcium oxalate crystal growth and crystallization through reducing free calcium ions: a morphological analysis and calcium consumption assay
- Congress Abstracts
- 4th Slovenian Congress of Clinical Chemistry with international participation and 20th International Symposium of the Slovenian Association for Clinical Chemistry and Croatian Society of Medical Biochemists
- Congress of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine / 9th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (DGKL)
- Erratum
- Erratum to: Plasma betaine concentrations correlate with plasma cortisol but not with C-reactive protein in an elderly population
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorials
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL): the laboratory perspective
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL): the clinician’s perspective
- Serum creatinine and the search for new biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI): the story continues
- Interference of new oral anticoagulants with frequently used coagulation tests
- Reviews
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biomarker of acute kidney injury: a review of the laboratory characteristics and clinical evidences
- Neurophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a new biomarker in laboratory medicine
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review
- Opinion Paper
- Collective opinion paper on findings of the 2011 convocation of experts on laboratory quality
- Guidelines and Recommendations
- Proposals for the mitigation of the environmental impact of clinical laboratories
- General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- Improvement in the performance of external quality assessment in Korean HIV clinical laboratories using unrecalcified human plasma
- Validation of a new generation POCT glucose device with emphasis on aspects important for glycemic control in the hospital care
- Evaluation of NGAL Test™, a fully-automated neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) immunoassay on Beckman Coulter AU 5822
- Variation of serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) after strenuous physical exercise
- Analytic and clinical validation of a standardized cystatin C particle enhanced turbidimetric assay (PETIA) to estimate glomerular filtration rate
- Compensating for the influence of total serum protein in the Schwartz formula
- Interference of the new oral anticoagulant dabigatran with frequently used coagulation tests
- Testing for lupus anticoagulants – fresh or frozen?
- Effect of coagulation factors on discrepancies in International Normalized Ratio results between instruments
- Mobile Laboratory Unit: a disruptor solution for hemostasis management during major surgery. Usage in the context of face transplantation
- Comparison of capillary electrophoregram among heterozygous Hb Hope, Hb Hope/α-thalassemia-1 SEA type deletion and Hb Hope/β0-thalassemia
- Aberrant lamellar body counts noted on the Beckman Coulter Unicel DxH 800
- Plasma betaine concentrations correlate with plasma cortisol but not with C-reactive protein in an elderly population
- Determinants of the essential one-carbon metabolism metabolites, homocysteine, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine and folate, in cerebrospinal fluid
- Application of a modified precipitation method for the measurement of small dense LDL-cholesterol (sd-LDL-C) in a population in southern Brazil
- Cancer Diagnostics
- BCR-ABL fusion protein detection in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples of adult precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients using the flow cytometric immunobead assay
- Clinical and pathological features of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas lacking the surface expression of immunoglobulin light chains
- Statistical learning confirms the diagnostic significance of the anemia panel in breast cancer
- Letters to the Editor
- Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: comparison of the use of EDTA and heparin plasma
- Time- and temperature-dependent stability of troponin standard reference material 2921 in serum and plasma
- Triplex PCR amplicons genotyping by high resolution melting using Rotor Gene 6000 platform
- Effect of high RNA concentrations in real time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) yields
- Detection of differential protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis through two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis
- Phosphate inhibits calcium oxalate crystal growth and crystallization through reducing free calcium ions: a morphological analysis and calcium consumption assay
- Congress Abstracts
- 4th Slovenian Congress of Clinical Chemistry with international participation and 20th International Symposium of the Slovenian Association for Clinical Chemistry and Croatian Society of Medical Biochemists
- Congress of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine / 9th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (DGKL)
- Erratum
- Erratum to: Plasma betaine concentrations correlate with plasma cortisol but not with C-reactive protein in an elderly population
