Mitochondria as sources and targets of damage in cellular aging
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Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera earned her bachelor’s degree in Physical Education in 1998 and recently (2011) she started a permanent position in the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia. Over the last 14 years, she has been working in Professor Viña’s research group and has contributed on different topics related to oxidative stress, physical exercise, aging and doping. She has visited and collaborated with different research groups in the University of Southern California, University of Wisconsin and University of Liverpool.
,
Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
Fabián Sanchis Gomar is a PhD student. He received a research fellowship from the Conselleria d’Educació, Generalitat Valenciana, “VALi+d program” and he is working in Professor Viña’s research group at the Department of Physiology (Faculty of Medicine) of the University of Valencia. Mr. Sanchis Gomar has extensive academic training: he is a specialist clinical laboratory technician, he has a physiotherapy degree and a postgraduate degree in research and development of new drugs. He has published many manuscripts in international peer reviewed journals related to several topics. Mr. Sanchis Gomar has a wide-ranging knowledege of sports medicine, hypoxia, anti-doping, oxidative stress, aging and biogerontology.
Rebeca Garcia Vallés earned her bachelor’s degree in Physical Education in 2007 and is currently a PhD student. She earned a postgraduate master’s degree in Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia. She received a research fellowship from the University of Valencia. Over the last 3 years, she has been working in Professor Viña’s research group at the Department of Physiology (Faculty of Medicine) of the University of Valencia. Her work is focused in aging, exercise and frailty.
Helios Pareja Galeano graduated in Physical Education from the Autonomous University of Madrid in 2009. He earned his postgraduate master’s degree in Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia at Professor Viña’s laboratory and has worked there to date. He is a PhD student in receipt a research fellowship from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain, “FPU”. His major field of research is health-oriented physical exercise, aging, neurobiology of exercise and oxidative stress.
Juan Gambini was born in Valencia, Spain. He obtained his bachelor’s degree in Pharmacy in 2000. Since then he has been at the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia, where he obtained his PhD in 2007. His work in Professor Viña’s research group is mainly focused on the longevity manipulation of the
Drosophila melanogaster fly by using different natural compounds such as phytoestrogens. Another of his research interests is the role of estrogens in preventing oxidative stress associated with the aging process. His research interests are focused in longevity, nutritional modifications of longevity genes and oxidative stress. He has visited and collaborated with different research groups from Dallas (EEUU) at the Southern Methodist University and Düsseldorf (Germany) at the University of Düsseldorf.Consuelo Borras earned her bachelor’s degree in Pharmacy in 1999 and recently (2011) she started a permanent position at the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia. Over the last 13 years, she has worked in Professor Viña’s research group and has contributed on different topics related to differences in longevity and oxidative stress between genders, longevity-related genes, aging and stem cells. She has visited and collaborated with different research groups from the King’s College London and the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO).
José Viña was born in Valencia, Spain in 1953. After pursuing his studies in Medicine at the University of Valencia, and doing research work under the auspices of Professor Hans Krebs (Krebs cycle) in Oxford, he obtained his PhD in 1976. He is a Professor of Physiology at the University of Valencia where Professor Viña combines his teaching duties with research work, the latter in two main areas: aging and exercise. José Viña leads a successful research group working on different aspects of oxidative stress with whom he has won numerous prizes for research work; he has published widely on glutathione, mitochondria, oxidative stress, free radicals and nutrition.
Abstract
Mitochondria are considered as the most important cellular sources and targets of free radicals. They are also a source of signalling molecules that regulate cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. Denham Harman postulated the free radical theory of aging in 1956. Previously Rebecca Gershman showed that radiation toxicity could be attributed to free radical damage. Subsequently, Jaime Miquel formulated the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging. We have shown that mitochondrial size, membrane potential, inner membrane mass and peroxide production is altered inside cells in old animals. These result in an increase in the oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA with aging that can be prevented by antioxidant supplementation. Aging is also associated with a lower renewal of mitochondria. This is mainly due to the lack of reactivity of proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) in old animals. PGC-1α acts as a master regulator of energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis and recent evidence shows that it interacts with p53 and telomerase. The promotion of mitochondriogenesis is critical to prevent aging. In skeletal muscle it has relevance to prevent sarcopenia and frailty.
About the authors
Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera earned her bachelor’s degree in Physical Education in 1998 and recently (2011) she started a permanent position in the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia. Over the last 14 years, she has been working in Professor Viña’s research group and has contributed on different topics related to oxidative stress, physical exercise, aging and doping. She has visited and collaborated with different research groups in the University of Southern California, University of Wisconsin and University of Liverpool.
Fabián Sanchis Gomar is a PhD student. He received a research fellowship from the Conselleria d’Educació, Generalitat Valenciana, “VALi+d program” and he is working in Professor Viña’s research group at the Department of Physiology (Faculty of Medicine) of the University of Valencia. Mr. Sanchis Gomar has extensive academic training: he is a specialist clinical laboratory technician, he has a physiotherapy degree and a postgraduate degree in research and development of new drugs. He has published many manuscripts in international peer reviewed journals related to several topics. Mr. Sanchis Gomar has a wide-ranging knowledege of sports medicine, hypoxia, anti-doping, oxidative stress, aging and biogerontology.
Rebeca Garcia Vallés earned her bachelor’s degree in Physical Education in 2007 and is currently a PhD student. She earned a postgraduate master’s degree in Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia. She received a research fellowship from the University of Valencia. Over the last 3 years, she has been working in Professor Viña’s research group at the Department of Physiology (Faculty of Medicine) of the University of Valencia. Her work is focused in aging, exercise and frailty.
Helios Pareja Galeano graduated in Physical Education from the Autonomous University of Madrid in 2009. He earned his postgraduate master’s degree in Physiology at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Valencia at Professor Viña’s laboratory and has worked there to date. He is a PhD student in receipt a research fellowship from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain, “FPU”. His major field of research is health-oriented physical exercise, aging, neurobiology of exercise and oxidative stress.
Juan Gambini was born in Valencia, Spain. He obtained his bachelor’s degree in Pharmacy in 2000. Since then he has been at the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia, where he obtained his PhD in 2007. His work in Professor Viña’s research group is mainly focused on the longevity manipulation of the Drosophila melanogaster fly by using different natural compounds such as phytoestrogens. Another of his research interests is the role of estrogens in preventing oxidative stress associated with the aging process. His research interests are focused in longevity, nutritional modifications of longevity genes and oxidative stress. He has visited and collaborated with different research groups from Dallas (EEUU) at the Southern Methodist University and Düsseldorf (Germany) at the University of Düsseldorf.
Consuelo Borras earned her bachelor’s degree in Pharmacy in 1999 and recently (2011) she started a permanent position at the Department of Physiology at the University of Valencia. Over the last 13 years, she has worked in Professor Viña’s research group and has contributed on different topics related to differences in longevity and oxidative stress between genders, longevity-related genes, aging and stem cells. She has visited and collaborated with different research groups from the King’s College London and the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO).
José Viña was born in Valencia, Spain in 1953. After pursuing his studies in Medicine at the University of Valencia, and doing research work under the auspices of Professor Hans Krebs (Krebs cycle) in Oxford, he obtained his PhD in 1976. He is a Professor of Physiology at the University of Valencia where Professor Viña combines his teaching duties with research work, the latter in two main areas: aging and exercise. José Viña leads a successful research group working on different aspects of oxidative stress with whom he has won numerous prizes for research work; he has published widely on glutathione, mitochondria, oxidative stress, free radicals and nutrition.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorial
- EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia: further insights and recommendations for prevention of a clinically threatening artifact
- Reviews
- Mitochondria as sources and targets of damage in cellular aging
- Application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in Alzheimer’s disease
- Opinion Papers
- The intellectual contribution of laboratory medicine professionals to research papers on laboratory medicine topics published in high-impact general medicine journals
- Laboratory medicine and sports: between Scylla and Charybdis
- Guidelines and Recommendations
- The EC4 European Syllabus for Post-Graduate Training in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine: version 4 – 2012
- Genetics And Molecular Diagnostics
- Assessing the utility of whole genome amplified DNA as a template for DMET Plus array
- General Clinical Chemistry And Laboratory Medicine
- Effect of acceleration forces during transport through a pneumatic tube system on ROTEM® analysis
- The transferrin/log(ferritin) ratio: a new tool for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia
- Instructions on laboratory monitoring in 200 drug labels
- Lipid peroxidation markers in Crohn’s disease: the associations and diagnostic value
- Impact of asthmatic control status on serum cystatin C concentrations
- Elevated levels of Nɛ-homocysteinyl-lysine isopeptide in patients on long-term hemodialysis
- Interleukin-1α gene variants influence bone mineral density and the risk of osteoporotic hip fractures in elderly Slovenian people
- Novel method to dissociate platelet clumps in EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia based on the pathophysiological mechanism
- Proficiency testing/external quality assurance for the PFA-100®
- Interference of selected flavonoid aglycons in platelet aggregation assays
- Infectious Diseases
- Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and paraoxonase-1 and 3 levels in patients with sepsis treated in an intensive care unit: a preliminary report
- Association between ischemia-modified albumin, homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid in patients with severe sepsis
- Evidence for serum miR-15a and miR-16 levels as biomarkers that distinguish sepsis from systemic inflammatory response syndrome in human subjects
- The predictive value of immature granulocyte count and immature myeloid information in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis
- Hypophosphatemia, fever and prolonged length of hospital stay in seronegative PCR positive patients as compared to seropositive patients with early acute Q fever pneumonia
- Cancer Diagnostics
- Diagnostic value of HE4 for ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis patients
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and reduced folate carrier 80 G>A polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of conotruncal heart defects
- Oxidative stress as a predictor of cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease patients
- Behavioral and clinical correlates of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in Japanese men and women
- Letters to the Editor
- Hemoglobin Rambam has a constant retention time on the Tosoh G8 and interferes with the measurement of HbA1c
- Measurement of glycated hemoglobin in a patient with homozygous hemoglobin E
- Congress Abstracts
- 56th National Congress of the Hungarian Society of Laboratory Medicine
Articles in the same Issue
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Editorial
- EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia: further insights and recommendations for prevention of a clinically threatening artifact
- Reviews
- Mitochondria as sources and targets of damage in cellular aging
- Application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in Alzheimer’s disease
- Opinion Papers
- The intellectual contribution of laboratory medicine professionals to research papers on laboratory medicine topics published in high-impact general medicine journals
- Laboratory medicine and sports: between Scylla and Charybdis
- Guidelines and Recommendations
- The EC4 European Syllabus for Post-Graduate Training in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine: version 4 – 2012
- Genetics And Molecular Diagnostics
- Assessing the utility of whole genome amplified DNA as a template for DMET Plus array
- General Clinical Chemistry And Laboratory Medicine
- Effect of acceleration forces during transport through a pneumatic tube system on ROTEM® analysis
- The transferrin/log(ferritin) ratio: a new tool for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia
- Instructions on laboratory monitoring in 200 drug labels
- Lipid peroxidation markers in Crohn’s disease: the associations and diagnostic value
- Impact of asthmatic control status on serum cystatin C concentrations
- Elevated levels of Nɛ-homocysteinyl-lysine isopeptide in patients on long-term hemodialysis
- Interleukin-1α gene variants influence bone mineral density and the risk of osteoporotic hip fractures in elderly Slovenian people
- Novel method to dissociate platelet clumps in EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia based on the pathophysiological mechanism
- Proficiency testing/external quality assurance for the PFA-100®
- Interference of selected flavonoid aglycons in platelet aggregation assays
- Infectious Diseases
- Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and paraoxonase-1 and 3 levels in patients with sepsis treated in an intensive care unit: a preliminary report
- Association between ischemia-modified albumin, homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid in patients with severe sepsis
- Evidence for serum miR-15a and miR-16 levels as biomarkers that distinguish sepsis from systemic inflammatory response syndrome in human subjects
- The predictive value of immature granulocyte count and immature myeloid information in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis
- Hypophosphatemia, fever and prolonged length of hospital stay in seronegative PCR positive patients as compared to seropositive patients with early acute Q fever pneumonia
- Cancer Diagnostics
- Diagnostic value of HE4 for ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are associated with cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis patients
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and reduced folate carrier 80 G>A polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of conotruncal heart defects
- Oxidative stress as a predictor of cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease patients
- Behavioral and clinical correlates of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in Japanese men and women
- Letters to the Editor
- Hemoglobin Rambam has a constant retention time on the Tosoh G8 and interferes with the measurement of HbA1c
- Measurement of glycated hemoglobin in a patient with homozygous hemoglobin E
- Congress Abstracts
- 56th National Congress of the Hungarian Society of Laboratory Medicine
