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Effects of ZnCl2 on ROS generation, plasma membrane properties, and changes in protein expression in grapevine root explants

  • Vladimír Repka EMAIL logo , Roderik Fiala , Milada Čiamporová and Ján Pavlovkin
Published/Copyright: June 16, 2016
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Biologia
From the journal Biologia Volume 71 Issue 5

Abstract

This study is aimed at the responses of grapevine adventitious root explants to zinc (Zn2+) excess. Within 24 h Zn2+ induced oxidative burst in concentration-dependent manner. The time course analysis revealed biphasic response in superoxide (O2–·) production. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation rose gradually within 24 h. Enhanced Zn2+ concentrations did not induce progression of cell death. Immediately upon Zn2+ addition to the perfusion solution, root epidermal cells exhibited hyperpolarization of their electrical membrane potential (EM), that was transient and independent of Zn2+ concentration. The subsequent, transient depolarization of EM was concentration-dependent and its magnitude increased with increasing Zn2+ concentration. After 24 h the EM in treated roots recovered and its values were identical with those of control roots. Membrane permeability of root cells increased in the roots treated with 5 mM Zn2+ within 24 h while the lower concentrations did not show any impact on membrane permeability. Differences in protein expression pattern identified by proteomic approach involving antibody microarray expression profiling revealed Zn2+-induced upregulation of apoptosis-related protein dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase subunit (DAD1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), some antioxidant enzymes and structural proteins in the roots. Moreover, the proteins involved in plant defense mechanisms endochitinase I (CHIT 1) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) were down-regulated indicating a cross-talk between defense and heavy metal signaling pathways. Taken together, these results showed that the grape cultivar Limberger is highly Zn2+-responsive and could be used as a model plant for studying physiological and molecular responses to heavy metal excess.

Key words: Vitis vinifera; grapevine; zinc; membrane potential (EM); protein expression; oxidative stress; cellular viability

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grant no. 2/0023/13 from the Grant Agency VEGA, Bratislava, Slovakia.

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Abbreviations
CAT

catalase

CHIT 1

endochitinase

DAD1

dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide-protein glycosyltransferase subunit

EM

membrane electrical potential

ERK1/2

extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2

FC

fusicoccin

GOX

glycolate oxidase

H2O2

hydrogen peroxide

HM

heavy metals

HPRG

hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein

IAA

indole-3-acetic acid

O2–·

superoxide anion radical

PAL

phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

PCD

programmed cell death

PI

propidium iodide

PM

plasma membrane

ROS

reactive oxygen species.

Received: 2016-2-15
Accepted: 2016-3-30
Published Online: 2016-6-16
Published in Print: 2016-5-1

© 2016 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences

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https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016-0063
Keywords for this article
Vitis vinifera; grapevine; zinc; membrane potential (EM); protein expression; oxidative stress; cellular viability

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  2. A broad host range food-grade cloning vector for lactic acid bacteria
  3. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  4. Antimicrobial and morphogenic effects of emodin produced by A spergillus awamori WAIR120
  5. Cellular and Molecular Biology
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