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Genotypes, obesity and type 2 diabetes – can genetic information motivate weight loss? A review

  • David Gable , Saskia C. Sanderson and Steve E. Humphries
Published/Copyright: March 1, 2007
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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
From the journal Volume 45 Issue 3

Abstract

The current worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) was estimated to be 2.8% in 2000, but it is predicted to increase to epidemic proportions in the coming decades, primarily due to lifestyle changes, particularly obesity. In the United Kingdom there are over 1.4 million men and women with T2D. In addition to a strong environmental element, the existence of an underlying genetic component to T2D risk is supported by twin studies, family studies and the widely different T2D prevalence across ethnic groups. Here we review data showing that several common genetic risk variants for T2D have now been successfully identified, with modest, but meta-analytical robust effects on risk (in the region of 1.1–1.5-fold risk per allele). Use of these in combination may have clinical utility in identifying subjects at high risk. Whether this information will be motivating to make the type of lifestyle changes that have been shown to reduce the rate of progression from the pre-diabetes state to overt T2D is discussed.

Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:301–8.

Keywords: genetic testing; motivation; obesity; type 2 diabetes
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Corresponding author: Steve E. Humphries, Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, British Heart Foundation Laboratories, Royal Free & University College London Medical School, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, UK Phone: +44-207-6796962, Fax: +44-107-6796212,

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Published Online: 2007-03-01
Published in Print: 2007-03-01

©2007 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York

Articles in the same Issue

  1. From human genetic variations to prediction of risks and responses to drugs and the environment
  2. Nutrigenomics – 2006 update
  3. How to comprehensively analyse proteins and how this influences nutritional research
  4. Genotypes, obesity and type 2 diabetes – can genetic information motivate weight loss? A review
  5. The Gene-Diet Attica Investigation on childhood obesity (GENDAI): overview of the study design
  6. Polymorphisms in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and cholesterol responsiveness to dietary change
  7. Nutri-epigenomics: lifelong remodelling of our epigenomes by nutritional and metabolic factors and beyond
  8. Emerging role of cathepsin S in obesity and its associated diseases
  9. Association analysis of hepatitis virus B infection with haplotypes of the TBX21 gene promoter region in the Chinese population
  10. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction on FTA cards vs. flow cytometry for B-lymphocyte clonality
  11. Real-time multiplex PCR assay for genotyping of three apolipoprotein E alleles and two choline acetyltransferase alleles with three hybridization probes
  12. Immunomagnetic CD45 depletion does not improve cytokeratin 20 RT-PCR in colorectal cancer
  13. Analysis of the components of hypertransaminasemia after liver resection
  14. Fine characterization of mitral valve glycosaminoglycans and their modification with degenerative disease
  15. Oxidative stress evaluated using an automated method for hydroperoxide estimation in patients with coronary artery disease
  16. Secretory phospholipase A2 activity and release kinetics of vascular tissue remodelling biomarkers after coronary artery bypass grafting with and without cardiopulmonary bypass
  17. Clustered components of the metabolic syndrome and platelet counts in Japanese females
  18. International Standard for serum vitamin B12 and serum folate: international collaborative study to evaluate a batch of lyophilised serum for B12 and folate content
  19. Multicentre physiological reference intervals for serum concentrations of immunoglobulins A, G and M, complement C3c and C4 measured with Tina-Quant® reagents systems
  20. In vivo and in vitro allergy diagnostics: it's time to reappraise the costs
  21. Experience with post-market surveillance of in-vitro diagnostic medical devices for lay use in Germany
  22. Evaluation of the high-sensitivity, full-range Olympus CRP OSR6199 application on the Olympus AU640®
  23. How to improve the teaching of urine microscopy
  24. In vitro determination of allergen-specific serum IgE. Comparative analysis of three methods
  25. Efficacy of a new blocker against anti-ruthenium antibody interference in the Elecsys free triiodothyronine assay
  26. Clinical indications for plasma protein assays: transthyretin (prealbumin) in inflammation and malnutrition: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC): IFCC Scientific Division Committee on Plasma Proteins (C-PP)
  27. Meeting Report: From human genetic variations to prediction of risks and responses to drugs and the environment
https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2007.070
Keywords for this article
genetic testing; motivation; obesity; type 2 diabetes

Articles in the same Issue

  1. From human genetic variations to prediction of risks and responses to drugs and the environment
  2. Nutrigenomics – 2006 update
  3. How to comprehensively analyse proteins and how this influences nutritional research
  4. Genotypes, obesity and type 2 diabetes – can genetic information motivate weight loss? A review
  5. The Gene-Diet Attica Investigation on childhood obesity (GENDAI): overview of the study design
  6. Polymorphisms in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and cholesterol responsiveness to dietary change
  7. Nutri-epigenomics: lifelong remodelling of our epigenomes by nutritional and metabolic factors and beyond
  8. Emerging role of cathepsin S in obesity and its associated diseases
  9. Association analysis of hepatitis virus B infection with haplotypes of the TBX21 gene promoter region in the Chinese population
  10. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction on FTA cards vs. flow cytometry for B-lymphocyte clonality
  11. Real-time multiplex PCR assay for genotyping of three apolipoprotein E alleles and two choline acetyltransferase alleles with three hybridization probes
  12. Immunomagnetic CD45 depletion does not improve cytokeratin 20 RT-PCR in colorectal cancer
  13. Analysis of the components of hypertransaminasemia after liver resection
  14. Fine characterization of mitral valve glycosaminoglycans and their modification with degenerative disease
  15. Oxidative stress evaluated using an automated method for hydroperoxide estimation in patients with coronary artery disease
  16. Secretory phospholipase A2 activity and release kinetics of vascular tissue remodelling biomarkers after coronary artery bypass grafting with and without cardiopulmonary bypass
  17. Clustered components of the metabolic syndrome and platelet counts in Japanese females
  18. International Standard for serum vitamin B12 and serum folate: international collaborative study to evaluate a batch of lyophilised serum for B12 and folate content
  19. Multicentre physiological reference intervals for serum concentrations of immunoglobulins A, G and M, complement C3c and C4 measured with Tina-Quant® reagents systems
  20. In vivo and in vitro allergy diagnostics: it's time to reappraise the costs
  21. Experience with post-market surveillance of in-vitro diagnostic medical devices for lay use in Germany
  22. Evaluation of the high-sensitivity, full-range Olympus CRP OSR6199 application on the Olympus AU640®
  23. How to improve the teaching of urine microscopy
  24. In vitro determination of allergen-specific serum IgE. Comparative analysis of three methods
  25. Efficacy of a new blocker against anti-ruthenium antibody interference in the Elecsys free triiodothyronine assay
  26. Clinical indications for plasma protein assays: transthyretin (prealbumin) in inflammation and malnutrition: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC): IFCC Scientific Division Committee on Plasma Proteins (C-PP)
  27. Meeting Report: From human genetic variations to prediction of risks and responses to drugs and the environment
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