Leucine aminopeptidases: diversity in structure and function
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        Mikiko Matsui
        
 , Jonathan H. Fowler und Linda L. Walling 
Abstract
Leucine aminopeptidases (LAPs) are metallopeptidases that cleave N-terminal residues from proteins and peptides. While hydrolyzing Leu substrates, LAPs often have a broader specificity. LAPs are members of the M1 or M17 peptidase families, and therefore the LAP nomenclature is complex. LAPs are often viewed as cell maintenance enzymes with critical roles in turnover of peptides. In mammals, the M17 and M1 enzymes with LAP activity contribute to processing peptides for MHC I antigen presentation, processing of bioactive peptides (oxytocin, vasopressin, enkephalins), and vesicle trafficking to the plasma membrane. In microbes, the M17 LAPs have a role in proteolysis and have also acquired the ability to bind DNA. This property enables LAPs to serve as transcriptional repressors to control pyrimidine, alginate and cholera toxin biosynthesis, as well as mediate site-specific recombination events in plasmids and phages. In plants the roles of the M17 LAPs and the peptidases related to M1 LAPs are being elucidated. Roles in defense, membrane transport of auxin receptors, and meiosis have been implicated.
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©2006 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Janus-faced role of endothelial NO synthase in vascular disease: uncoupling of oxygen reduction from NO synthesis and its pharmacological reversal
 - Leucine aminopeptidases: diversity in structure and function
 - Endogenous anti-inflammatory substances, inter-α-inhibitor and bikunin
 - Mitochondrial morphology and distribution in mammalian cells
 - Heterogeneity in the cysteine protease inhibitor clitocypin gene family
 - Mutations in the inter-SH2 domain of the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase: effects on catalytic subunit binding and holoenzyme function
 - Evaluation of Bacillus anthracis thymidine kinase as a potential target for the development of antibacterial nucleoside analogs
 - The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum expresses an atypical N-terminally extended pyrophosphokinase with specificity for thiamine
 - Fes1p acts as a nucleotide exchange factor for the ribosome-associated molecular chaperone Ssb1p
 - Detailed analysis of MIA protein by mutagenesis
 - The role of human tissue kallikreins 7 and 8 in intracranial malignancies
 - Prognostic significance of the expression of SR-A1, encoding a novel SR-related CTD-associated factor, in breast cancer
 - Suppression of TNF-α production by S-adenosylmethionine in human mononuclear leukocytes is not mediated by polyamines
 - Topotecan and methotrexate alter expression of the apoptosis-related genes BCL2, FAS and BCL2L12 in leukemic HL-60 cells
 - Two secreted cystatins of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata: differential expression pattern and inhibitory specificity
 - Acknowledgment
 - Contents Biological Chemistry Volume 387, 2006
 - Author Index
 - Subject Index
 
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Janus-faced role of endothelial NO synthase in vascular disease: uncoupling of oxygen reduction from NO synthesis and its pharmacological reversal
 - Leucine aminopeptidases: diversity in structure and function
 - Endogenous anti-inflammatory substances, inter-α-inhibitor and bikunin
 - Mitochondrial morphology and distribution in mammalian cells
 - Heterogeneity in the cysteine protease inhibitor clitocypin gene family
 - Mutations in the inter-SH2 domain of the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase: effects on catalytic subunit binding and holoenzyme function
 - Evaluation of Bacillus anthracis thymidine kinase as a potential target for the development of antibacterial nucleoside analogs
 - The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum expresses an atypical N-terminally extended pyrophosphokinase with specificity for thiamine
 - Fes1p acts as a nucleotide exchange factor for the ribosome-associated molecular chaperone Ssb1p
 - Detailed analysis of MIA protein by mutagenesis
 - The role of human tissue kallikreins 7 and 8 in intracranial malignancies
 - Prognostic significance of the expression of SR-A1, encoding a novel SR-related CTD-associated factor, in breast cancer
 - Suppression of TNF-α production by S-adenosylmethionine in human mononuclear leukocytes is not mediated by polyamines
 - Topotecan and methotrexate alter expression of the apoptosis-related genes BCL2, FAS and BCL2L12 in leukemic HL-60 cells
 - Two secreted cystatins of the soft tick Ornithodoros moubata: differential expression pattern and inhibitory specificity
 - Acknowledgment
 - Contents Biological Chemistry Volume 387, 2006
 - Author Index
 - Subject Index