Startseite Philosophie Ungerechte Könige: Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von ethischen und politischen Begründungen in der antiken Philosophie
Kapitel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Ungerechte Könige: Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von ethischen und politischen Begründungen in der antiken Philosophie

  • Philipp Brüllmann
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

“Unjust Kings: Some Reflections on the Relation between Ethical and Political Arguments in Ancient Philosophy.” According to the standard picture, ancient political philosophy is an ethical, eudaimonist project that aims to realize happiness and virtue in a state. This picture, though in general correct, needs to be modified. For there are questions of ancient political philosophy that seem to require a non-eudaimonist treatment. The aim of my paper is to both defend and explicate this claim. In order to do so, I take a look at Plato’s discussions of two kings: Archelaus of Macedon in the Gorgias and Temenos of Argos in Book III of the Laws. These kings share a number of interesting features, for both are described as unjust, irrational and egoistic. But they are considered, as I argue, from different perspectives. Archelaus is considered from an ethical, eudaimonist perspective. Plato refers to his character to bring out the link between happiness and virtue. Temenos, by contrast, is considered from a specifically political perspective. His character is supposed to explain why Argos, unlike Sparta, has perished. So, although in both cases, the king’s being unjust, irrational, and egoistic plays a key role within the argument, this argument follows different lines. This is most obvious in the case of the king’s egoism. Whereas the discussion of Archelaus’ egoism is shaped by the contrast between true and apparent self-interest, the discussion of Temenos’ egoism is marked by the contrast between pursuing one’s own interests and doing the right thing or acting in the interest of others. This conceptual shift, which is also connected to the Laws’ interest in non-ideal circumstances, drives a wedge between normative considerations (what is required from a king qua king) and considerations of self-interest. It thus severs the link that is most characteristic for eudaimonist explanations. The political question why Argos has perished requires a non-eudaimonist treatment.

Abstract

“Unjust Kings: Some Reflections on the Relation between Ethical and Political Arguments in Ancient Philosophy.” According to the standard picture, ancient political philosophy is an ethical, eudaimonist project that aims to realize happiness and virtue in a state. This picture, though in general correct, needs to be modified. For there are questions of ancient political philosophy that seem to require a non-eudaimonist treatment. The aim of my paper is to both defend and explicate this claim. In order to do so, I take a look at Plato’s discussions of two kings: Archelaus of Macedon in the Gorgias and Temenos of Argos in Book III of the Laws. These kings share a number of interesting features, for both are described as unjust, irrational and egoistic. But they are considered, as I argue, from different perspectives. Archelaus is considered from an ethical, eudaimonist perspective. Plato refers to his character to bring out the link between happiness and virtue. Temenos, by contrast, is considered from a specifically political perspective. His character is supposed to explain why Argos, unlike Sparta, has perished. So, although in both cases, the king’s being unjust, irrational, and egoistic plays a key role within the argument, this argument follows different lines. This is most obvious in the case of the king’s egoism. Whereas the discussion of Archelaus’ egoism is shaped by the contrast between true and apparent self-interest, the discussion of Temenos’ egoism is marked by the contrast between pursuing one’s own interests and doing the right thing or acting in the interest of others. This conceptual shift, which is also connected to the Laws’ interest in non-ideal circumstances, drives a wedge between normative considerations (what is required from a king qua king) and considerations of self-interest. It thus severs the link that is most characteristic for eudaimonist explanations. The political question why Argos has perished requires a non-eudaimonist treatment.

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Vorwort V
  3. Inhaltsverzeichnis VII
  4. Einleitung 1
  5. 1 Erklärungsmuster in Mythos und Religion
  6. Imaginäre Anfänge: Begründen und Erklären in aitiologischen Mythen 15
  7. Kein bloß weltlich Ding. Religiöstheologische Begründungen der Ehe im 1. Thessalonicherbrief des Paulus und in den Diatriben des Musonius Rufus 37
  8. 2 Narrative ‚Welterklärung‘ im Epos
  9. Causas memorare – causas cognoscere – causas expromere. Zu einer Poetologie der Ursachenforschung im griechischrömischen Epos 59
  10. 3 Erklärungsansätze in der antiken Historiographie
  11. Menschliches Handeln und göttliches Wirken in der christlichen Geschichtsschreibung der Spätantike 79
  12. 4 Erklärungsmodelle in der Medizin
  13. Selbsterklärende Wissenschaft – Metareflexion als Mittel zur Konstruktion medizinischer Autorität bei Galen 105
  14. 5 Begründung und Erklärung in der antiken Philosophie
  15. 5,1 Vorsokratiker
  16. ‚Herrschaft und Knechtschaft‘: Determinismus-Paradigmata bei Heraklit als Begründung und Erklärung der Welt 123
  17. 5,2 Platon
  18. Knowledge in the Theaetetus 165
  19. One over What Many? The Advantages of Forms and Nous as Aitia in the Phaedo 185
  20. Ungerechte Könige: Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von ethischen und politischen Begründungen in der antiken Philosophie 197
  21. Definition und Erklärung in Platons Sophistes 217
  22. Platons Verständnis von Notwendigkeit 237
  23. 5,3 Aristoteles
  24. Warum die Zeit ein Kontinuum ist und ein Vorher und Nachher aufweist. Weiche Begründungen bei Aristoteles 263
  25. Aristotle’s hexis-Based Epistemology: A Plea for a Virtue-Theoretical Reappraisal 283
  26. Für uns oder der Sache nach? – Zum Unterschied von Begründen und Erklären bei Aristoteles und Platon 309
  27. Explaining the Growth of Scientific Knowledge: Aristotle’s View 337
  28. Aristotle’s Four Causes: Coaction, Not Redundancy 351
  29. 5,4 Epikureismus
  30. Aristotle and Epicurus on kinesis. A New Explanatory Model of Change and Causation in Ancient Atomism 381
  31. Justifying without Explaining. Epicurus on enargeia 409
  32. 5,5 Römische Philosophie
  33. Secundum scholam disserere. Ways of Arguing according to the Different Philosophical Schools 431
  34. 5,6 Kaiserzeitlicher spätantiker Neuplatonismus
  35. The Explanation of the Myth. Plotinus on Eros 451
  36. ,Die Aufhebung der Hypothesen‘. Antike Platoniker über die ἀρχὴ ἀνυπόθετος als Prinzip der Rechtfertigung und der Erklärung 471
  37. 6 Wissenschaft und ‚Mythos‘
  38. Erzählte Wissenschaft. Zum Potential des Mythos 509
  39. Informationen zu den Autoren und Autorinnen dieses Bandes 525
  40. Stellenindex 531
  41. Sach- und Namenindex 549
Heruntergeladen am 15.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783111414577-010/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen