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Imaginäre Anfänge: Begründen und Erklären in aitiologischen Mythen

  • Susanne Gödde
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Abstract

“Imaginary Beginnings: Foundations and Explanations in Aetiological Myths.” This paper examines both the concept of aetiology in Greek and Roman antiquity and its use in modern scholarship. Aetiological myths oscillate between fact and fantasy, between historiography and literature. By narrating a past event as the initial cause of a present condition, they seek to explain a given institution or phenomenon in their own time. Aetiologies are modes of making belief. Although fictitious, they create plausibility and credibility. Narratives with an aetiological theme conceal that their beginnings have actually been constructed retrospectively on the basis of the alleged result. After a brief introduction explaining the aetiological mode of thinking and narrating (§ 1), I then discuss the use of the term aetiology in antiquity as well as in modern scholarship (§ 2). Finally, I present a series of case studies from Callimachus, Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, foundation narratives in different genres, and Ovid (§ 3). These all show that the relation between cause and consequence, between explanans and explanandum, is far from linear in aetiological narratives. The explanations of aetiological narratives always entail a fusion of the past with the present and aim to create belief by rationalization.

Abstract

“Imaginary Beginnings: Foundations and Explanations in Aetiological Myths.” This paper examines both the concept of aetiology in Greek and Roman antiquity and its use in modern scholarship. Aetiological myths oscillate between fact and fantasy, between historiography and literature. By narrating a past event as the initial cause of a present condition, they seek to explain a given institution or phenomenon in their own time. Aetiologies are modes of making belief. Although fictitious, they create plausibility and credibility. Narratives with an aetiological theme conceal that their beginnings have actually been constructed retrospectively on the basis of the alleged result. After a brief introduction explaining the aetiological mode of thinking and narrating (§ 1), I then discuss the use of the term aetiology in antiquity as well as in modern scholarship (§ 2). Finally, I present a series of case studies from Callimachus, Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns, foundation narratives in different genres, and Ovid (§ 3). These all show that the relation between cause and consequence, between explanans and explanandum, is far from linear in aetiological narratives. The explanations of aetiological narratives always entail a fusion of the past with the present and aim to create belief by rationalization.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Vorwort V
  3. Inhaltsverzeichnis VII
  4. Einleitung 1
  5. 1 Erklärungsmuster in Mythos und Religion
  6. Imaginäre Anfänge: Begründen und Erklären in aitiologischen Mythen 15
  7. Kein bloß weltlich Ding. Religiöstheologische Begründungen der Ehe im 1. Thessalonicherbrief des Paulus und in den Diatriben des Musonius Rufus 37
  8. 2 Narrative ‚Welterklärung‘ im Epos
  9. Causas memorare – causas cognoscere – causas expromere. Zu einer Poetologie der Ursachenforschung im griechischrömischen Epos 59
  10. 3 Erklärungsansätze in der antiken Historiographie
  11. Menschliches Handeln und göttliches Wirken in der christlichen Geschichtsschreibung der Spätantike 79
  12. 4 Erklärungsmodelle in der Medizin
  13. Selbsterklärende Wissenschaft – Metareflexion als Mittel zur Konstruktion medizinischer Autorität bei Galen 105
  14. 5 Begründung und Erklärung in der antiken Philosophie
  15. 5,1 Vorsokratiker
  16. ‚Herrschaft und Knechtschaft‘: Determinismus-Paradigmata bei Heraklit als Begründung und Erklärung der Welt 123
  17. 5,2 Platon
  18. Knowledge in the Theaetetus 165
  19. One over What Many? The Advantages of Forms and Nous as Aitia in the Phaedo 185
  20. Ungerechte Könige: Überlegungen zum Verhältnis von ethischen und politischen Begründungen in der antiken Philosophie 197
  21. Definition und Erklärung in Platons Sophistes 217
  22. Platons Verständnis von Notwendigkeit 237
  23. 5,3 Aristoteles
  24. Warum die Zeit ein Kontinuum ist und ein Vorher und Nachher aufweist. Weiche Begründungen bei Aristoteles 263
  25. Aristotle’s hexis-Based Epistemology: A Plea for a Virtue-Theoretical Reappraisal 283
  26. Für uns oder der Sache nach? – Zum Unterschied von Begründen und Erklären bei Aristoteles und Platon 309
  27. Explaining the Growth of Scientific Knowledge: Aristotle’s View 337
  28. Aristotle’s Four Causes: Coaction, Not Redundancy 351
  29. 5,4 Epikureismus
  30. Aristotle and Epicurus on kinesis. A New Explanatory Model of Change and Causation in Ancient Atomism 381
  31. Justifying without Explaining. Epicurus on enargeia 409
  32. 5,5 Römische Philosophie
  33. Secundum scholam disserere. Ways of Arguing according to the Different Philosophical Schools 431
  34. 5,6 Kaiserzeitlicher spätantiker Neuplatonismus
  35. The Explanation of the Myth. Plotinus on Eros 451
  36. ,Die Aufhebung der Hypothesen‘. Antike Platoniker über die ἀρχὴ ἀνυπόθετος als Prinzip der Rechtfertigung und der Erklärung 471
  37. 6 Wissenschaft und ‚Mythos‘
  38. Erzählte Wissenschaft. Zum Potential des Mythos 509
  39. Informationen zu den Autoren und Autorinnen dieses Bandes 525
  40. Stellenindex 531
  41. Sach- und Namenindex 549
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