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1. Rhetorik und Philosophie im klassischen Griechenland

  • Bernhard H. F. Taureck
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Handbuch Rhetorik und Philosophie
This chapter is in the book Handbuch Rhetorik und Philosophie

Abstract

Plato’s Socrates has discovered what happens in rhetoric: The hearer is made a subject by the speaker, but she remains free to deliver her own judgements. Rhetoric and philosophy have the same origin. According to the understanding of the lógos by the Sophists, the lógos lost any ontological commitment it had prior to the thinking of Heraclitus. Platon gave philosophía the normative and heroic meaning of transcending the logós-space, while rhetoric uses the lógos-space for arbitrary ends. Aristotle provides a comprehensive descriptive phenomenology of rhetoric. Yet he appears to be convinced that in the Athenian democracy public speech is used to defeat one’s adversary without any decency. Plato and Aristotle both failed to perceive that the base of the Athenian democracy was not liberty, but political equality. Plato and Aristotle use a sophisticated rhetoric in order to obtain a leading power over political (Plato) and metaphysical discourses (Aristotle). Their rejection of the Athenian isonomía-demokratía created the need for oligarchy to build a perfect state, a kind of original sin to discredit authentic democracy.

Abstract

Plato’s Socrates has discovered what happens in rhetoric: The hearer is made a subject by the speaker, but she remains free to deliver her own judgements. Rhetoric and philosophy have the same origin. According to the understanding of the lógos by the Sophists, the lógos lost any ontological commitment it had prior to the thinking of Heraclitus. Platon gave philosophía the normative and heroic meaning of transcending the logós-space, while rhetoric uses the lógos-space for arbitrary ends. Aristotle provides a comprehensive descriptive phenomenology of rhetoric. Yet he appears to be convinced that in the Athenian democracy public speech is used to defeat one’s adversary without any decency. Plato and Aristotle both failed to perceive that the base of the Athenian democracy was not liberty, but political equality. Plato and Aristotle use a sophisticated rhetoric in order to obtain a leading power over political (Plato) and metaphysical discourses (Aristotle). Their rejection of the Athenian isonomía-demokratía created the need for oligarchy to build a perfect state, a kind of original sin to discredit authentic democracy.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Vorwort der Reihenherausgeber V
  3. Inhaltsverzeichnis VII
  4. Rhetorisches Philosophieren 1
  5. I. Historische Perspektiven: Von der Antike bis zum 19. Jahrhundert
  6. 1. Rhetorik und Philosophie im klassischen Griechenland 23
  7. 2. Rhetorik und Philosophie in hellenistischer Zeit und in Rom 53
  8. 3. Rhetoric and Philosophy in the Middle Ages 81
  9. 4. Rhetorik und Philosophie bei den Renaissancehumanisten 97
  10. 5. Rhetorik und Anti-Rhetorik in der frühneuzeitlichen Philosophie 123
  11. 6. Vico: Rhetorik als Metakritik der neuzeitlichen Erkenntnistheorie 147
  12. 7. Rhetorik und Philosophie bei Kant, im Deutschen Idealismus und in der Romantik 169
  13. 8. Rhetorik und Philosophie in der Frühgeschichte der philosophischen Ästhetik 189
  14. 9. Die Rückkehr der Philosophie zu Rede und Dialog: Vico, Hamann, Herder, Humboldt 217
  15. 10. Nietzsches rhetorische Philosophie der Rhetorik 239
  16. II. Aktualisierungen der Rhetorik im 20. Jahrhundert
  17. 11. Marxism and the Frankfurt School: Rhetoric as Critique 265
  18. 12 Philosophische Hermeneutik: Relektüren der rhetorischen Tradition 281
  19. 13. Pragmatismus und Pragmatik: Rhetorische Spuren in Theorien sprachlichen Handelns 303
  20. 14. Analytische Philosophie: Die andere Seite der Rhetorik 333
  21. 15. Dekonstruktion: Die Rhetorik im philosophischen Text 353
  22. 16. Psychoanalyse: Rhetorik als das Unbewusste der Philosophie 379
  23. 17. Feministische Philosophie und Gendertheorie: Rhetoriken des Körpers 399
  24. 18. Theorien der Metapher: Die Provokation der Philosophie durch das Unbegriffliche 421
  25. III. Philosophische Rhetorik im Kontext
  26. 19. Rhetorik und Argumentation in der Philosophie 451
  27. 20. Rhetorizität und Literarizität der Philosophie 473
  28. 21. Rhetorizität und Medialität 495
  29. 22. Rhetorik, Alterität und Responsivität 513
  30. 23. Rhetorik, Politik und radikale Demokratie 535
  31. 24. Rhetorik, Dissens und Widerstand 563
  32. 25. Rhetorik und Ethik 585
  33. 26. Rhetoric and the Emotions 617
  34. Beiträgerinnen und Beiträger 635
  35. Index 639
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