Development and validation of a yoga module for Parkinson disease
-
Noopur Kakde
,
Shivarama Varambally
Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, affects motor and nonmotor functions, leading to severe debility and poor quality of life. Studies have reported the beneficial role of yoga in alleviating the symptoms of PD; however, a validated yoga module for PD is unavailable. This study developed and validated an integrated yoga module(IYM) for PD.
Methods
The IYM was prepared after a thorough review of classical yoga texts and previous findings. Twenty experienced yoga experts, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were selected validating the content of the IYM. A total of 28 practices were included in the IYM, and each practice was discussed and rated as (i) not essential, (ii) useful but not essential, and (iii) essential; the content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using Lawshe’s formula.
Results
Data analysis revealed that of the 28 IYM practices, 21 exhibited significant content validity (cut-off value: 0.42, as calculated by applying Lawshe’s formula for the CVR).
Conclusions
The IYM is valid for PD, with good content validity. However, future studies must determine the feasibility and efficacy of the developed module.
Acknowledgment
The authors thank Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana University for granting permission to conduct this study and the experts for participating in this study. We also acknowledge Dr. Pramod Pal, Professor of Neurology at NIMHANS Bengaluru for his inputs regarding Parkinson’s Disease.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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- Review
- Cornus mas: a review on traditional uses and pharmacological properties
- Preclinical Studies
- Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of Inula cappa roots (Compositae)
- Effects of water extract of Curcuma longa (L.) roots on immunity and telomerase function
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- Gentiana kurroo Royle attenuates the metabolic aberrations in diabetic rats; Swertiamarin, swertisin and lupeol being the possible bioactive principles
- Biochemical and electrocardiographic studies on the beneficial effects of gallic acid in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiorenal dysfunction
- Clinical Studies
- Development and validation of a yoga module for Parkinson disease
- Case Report
- Return to work program efficacy with Self-Regulation Therapy (SRT®): Case study with complex trauma and concurrent disorders
