Startseite Medizin Protective role of protocatechuic acid in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines levels in brain and liver of Wistar rats
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Protective role of protocatechuic acid in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines levels in brain and liver of Wistar rats

  • Anne A. Adeyanju , Folake O. Asejeje , Olorunfemi R. Molehin EMAIL logo , Olatunde Owoeye , Esther O. Olatoye und Emmanuel N. Ekpo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 18. März 2021
Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology Band 33 Heft 2

Abstract

Objectives

Protocatechuic acid (PCA) possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. This study seeks to investigate its underlying mechanism of action in the liver and brain toxicity induced by CCl4 in male albino rats.

Methods

Rats were given PCA at 10 and 20 mg/kg daily and orally as a pretreatment for seven days. A single injection of CCl4 was given 2 h later to induce brain and liver toxicity.

Results

CCl4 moderately elevated the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). PCA lowered AST level significantly when compared to control. Total protein and albumin levels presented insignificant changes (p>0.05) in all groups while lipid profile showed increased total cholesterol level and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by CCl4. PCA (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the cholesterol level while the 20 mg/kg dose moderately prevented HDL reduction. There was an increased MDA production with a corresponding low GSH level in the group treated with CCl4. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase in both organs also declined. PCA, especially at 10 mg/kg attenuated lipid peroxidation by increasing GSH level in the organs. Biochemical assays revealed the improvement of antioxidant enzyme activities by PCA in these organs. Furthermore, PCA lowered the level of proinflammatory cytokine COX 2 in the brain and liver while NF-kB expression was inhibited in the brain. Histopathology reports validated the effects of PCA.

Conclusions

PCA exhibited protection against toxicity in these tissues through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and the potential mechanism might be through modulation of the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway.

Keywords: antioxidant; brain; carbon tetrachloride; liver; oxidative stress; protocatechuic acid
Corresponding author: Olorunfemi R. Molehin, PhD, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti. P.M.B.5363, Ado-Ekiti, 360001, Nigeria, Phone: +234 803 4621267, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

None declared.

  1. Research funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

  2. Author contributions: AAA conceived the study, and participated in its design and execution and helped to draft the manuscript; FOA participated in the design, coordination, analysis of results and helped in drafting the manuscript; ORM participated in the design, coordination and interpretation and data analysis; OO participated in the experimental and data acquisition of the study; EOO participated in the experimental, data analysis and the execution of the study. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  3. Competing interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

  4. Informed consent: None declared.

  5. Ethical approval: The procedure for this study was in line with the laid down guidelines of The Research and Ethics Committee of our institution. The animals were given humane care according to standard guidelines contained in the “Principles of Laboratory Animal Care’’ (NIH publication #85-23, revised in 1985) for animal experiments.

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Received: 2020-07-16
Accepted: 2020-10-04
Published Online: 2021-03-18

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Use of cannabinoids for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder
  4. Traditional knowledge to clinical trials: a review on nutritional and therapeutic potential of Pithecellobium dulce
  5. Original Articles
  6. Protective role of protocatechuic acid in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines levels in brain and liver of Wistar rats
  7. Association of glycaemic status and outcomes in diabetic foot problems: a retrospective evidence from South India
  8. Piperine protects oxidative modifications in human erythrocytes
  9. Effects of Artemisia supplementation on anorexia in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
  10. A tablet derived from Andrographis paniculata complements dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment of malaria in pregnant mice
  11. Role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-18 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
  12. Levels of lead, aluminum, and zinc in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India
  13. Gonadotropin levels reduced in seven days immobilization stress-induced depressive-like behavior in female rats
  14. Comparative effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on pulmonary function in hypertensive patients
  15. Carvedilol improves heart rate variability indices, biomarkers but not cardiac nerve density in streptozotocin-induced T2DM model of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy
https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0202
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
antioxidant; brain; carbon tetrachloride; liver; oxidative stress; protocatechuic acid

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Use of cannabinoids for the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder
  4. Traditional knowledge to clinical trials: a review on nutritional and therapeutic potential of Pithecellobium dulce
  5. Original Articles
  6. Protective role of protocatechuic acid in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines levels in brain and liver of Wistar rats
  7. Association of glycaemic status and outcomes in diabetic foot problems: a retrospective evidence from South India
  8. Piperine protects oxidative modifications in human erythrocytes
  9. Effects of Artemisia supplementation on anorexia in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
  10. A tablet derived from Andrographis paniculata complements dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment of malaria in pregnant mice
  11. Role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-18 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
  12. Levels of lead, aluminum, and zinc in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India
  13. Gonadotropin levels reduced in seven days immobilization stress-induced depressive-like behavior in female rats
  14. Comparative effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on pulmonary function in hypertensive patients
  15. Carvedilol improves heart rate variability indices, biomarkers but not cardiac nerve density in streptozotocin-induced T2DM model of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy
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