Startseite Linguistik & Semiotik Language threat in the United Arab Emirates? Unpacking domains of language use
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Language threat in the United Arab Emirates? Unpacking domains of language use

  • Keith Kennetz EMAIL logo und Kevin S. Carroll
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 19. September 2018

Abstract

The United Arab Emirates’ economic and population growth within the past 30 years has led to a vibrant country where linguistic, cultural and religious diversity is the norm. Nevertheless, as Arabic-speaking Emiratis comprise approximately 10–15% of the country’s residents, academics and Emiratis themselves have questioned the level to which Arabic is threatened in the country. Given the use of English in many domains outside of the home, coupled with its global prestige, such uncertainty regarding the future of Arabic are warranted, yet there is currently no baseline data on how Emiratis are using language in their daily lives. This article examines language threat within this context and uses survey data completed by 248 Emirati participants regarding their reported use of Arabic and other languages. Findings suggest that although Arabic plays a major role in the daily lives of majority of Emiratis, English often co-exists in a variety of different domains and adds to the context’s multilingualism. The authors argue that Emiratis live in a multilingual country where Arabic and English co-exist together in relative harmony. Nevertheless, given the rapidly changing demographics and educational policies in the country, further research is essential.

References

Al Oraimi, Suaad. Z. 2017. Cultural diversity and social cohesion in the United Arab Emirates. Paper presentation at Addressing inequalities, mobility and dislocation: Insights from international and domestic research and practice. Michigan State University, June 12.Suche in Google Scholar

Al‐Ali, Jasim. 2008. Emiratisation: Drawing UAE nationals into their surging economy. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 28(9/10). 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443330810900202.Suche in Google Scholar

Al-Awad, Mouawiya. 2010.The cost of foreign labor in the United Arab Emirates. Retrieved November 22, 2017 from Institute for Social and Economic Research Web site. http://www.iser.ae/files/contents/Working%20Paper%20No%203.pdfSuche in Google Scholar

Al-Issa, Ahmad & Laila. S. Dahan. 2011. Global English and endangered Arabic in the United Arab Emirates. In Ahmad Al-Issa & Laila S. Dahan (eds.), Global English and Arabic: Issues of language, culture and identity, 1–22. Bruxelles: Peter Lang AG.10.3726/978-3-0353-0120-5Suche in Google Scholar

Barbour, Rosaline. 2008. Introducing qualitative research. Los Angeles: Sage.10.4135/9780857029034Suche in Google Scholar

Belhiah, Hassan & Maha Elhami. 2015. English as a medium of instruction in the Gulf: When students and teachers speak. Language Policy 14. 3–23. doi:10.1007/s10993-014-9336–9.Suche in Google Scholar

Carroll, Kevin S., Bashar Al Kahwaji & David Litz. 2017. Triglossia and promoting Arabic literacy in the United Arab Emirates. Language, Culture and Curriculum Journal. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2017.1326496.Suche in Google Scholar

Carroll, Kevin S. & Mary Carol Combs. 2016. Bilingual education in a multilingual world. In Graham S. Hall (ed.), Routledge Handbook of English Language Teaching, 191–205. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9781315676203-17Suche in Google Scholar

Coleman, James A. 2006. English-medium teaching in European higher education. Language Teaching 39(01). 1–14.10.1017/S026144480600320XSuche in Google Scholar

Cook, William R. A. 2017. More vision than renaissance: Arabic as a language of science in the UAE. Language Policy 16. 385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-016-9413-3.Suche in Google Scholar

Davidson, Christopher M. 2005. The United Arab Emirates: A study in survival. Lynne Rienner Publishers: London.10.1515/9781588269645Suche in Google Scholar

Fasold, Ralph W. 1993. Sociolinguistics of society. Cambridge. MA: Blackwell.Suche in Google Scholar

Fasold, Ralph W. 2006. Politics of language. In R. Fasold & J. Linton (eds.), An Introduction to language and linguistics. MA: Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.Suche in Google Scholar

Findlow, Sally. 2000. The UAE: Nationalism and Arab-Islamic identity, Abu Dhabi, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research (ECSSR), ESSCR Occasional Paper no.39.Suche in Google Scholar

Findlow, Sally. 2005. International networking in the United Arab Emirates higher education system: global-local tensions. Compare, 35(3). 285–302.10.1080/03057920500212563Suche in Google Scholar

Fishman, Joshua A. 1991. Reversing language shift: Theoretical and empirical foundations of assistance to threatened languages. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.Suche in Google Scholar

Ferguson, Charles. 1959. Diglossia. Word 15. 325–340.10.1080/00437956.1959.11659702Suche in Google Scholar

Fishman, Joshua A. 2001. Can threatened languages be saved?: Reversing language shift, revisited: A 21st century perspective. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781853597060Suche in Google Scholar

Flanagan, Ben. 2014 December 31st. Executive expats are staying twice as long in the UAE. The National. Retrieved from https://www.thenational.ae/business/executive-expats-are-staying-twice-as-long-in-the-uae-1.339920. (accessed 25 May 2017).Suche in Google Scholar

Gallagher, Kay. 2011. Bilingual education in the UAE: Factors, variables and critical questions. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues 4(1). 62–79.10.1108/17537981111111274Suche in Google Scholar

Haeri, Niloofar. 2003. Sacred language, ordinary people. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230107373Suche in Google Scholar

Holes, Clive. 2004. Modern Arabic: Structures, functions, and varieties. Washington, D. C.: Georgetown University Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Hopkyns, Sarah. 2017. Emirati cultural identity in the age of ‘Englishisation’: Voices from an Abu Dhabi University. In Louisa Buckingham (ed.), The place of English in societies of the Arabian Gulf, 87–115. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783096602-007Suche in Google Scholar

Karmani, Sohail. 2005. Petro-linguistics: The emerging nexus between oil, English, and Islam. Journal of Language, Identity and Education 4(2). 87–102. doi:10.1207/s15327701jlie0402_2.Suche in Google Scholar

Malek, Caline. 2015, October 12. Arab children snubbing Arabic, Dubai workshop hears. The National. Retrieved from http://www.thenational.ae/uae/education/arab-children-snubbing-arabic-dubaiworkshop-HearsSuche in Google Scholar

Marcais, William. 1930. La diglossie arabe. L’ensignement Public 97. 401–9. 105:20–39.Suche in Google Scholar

Myhill, John. 2014. The effect of diglossia on literacy in Arabic and other languages. In Elinore Saiegh-Haddad & R. Malatesha Joshi. (eds.), The handbook of Arabic literacy, 197–223. London: Springer.10.1007/978-94-017-8545-7_9Suche in Google Scholar

O’Neill, Gary T. 2017. Heritage, heteroglossia and home: multilingualism in Emirati families. In Louisa Buckingham (ed.), The place of English in societies of the Arabian Gulf, 13–38. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783096602-004Suche in Google Scholar

Palmer, Jeremy. 2007. Arabic diglossia: Teaching only the standard variety is a disservice to students. Arizona Working Papers in SLA & Teaching, 14. 111–122.Suche in Google Scholar

Randal, M. & M. Samimi. 2010. The status of English in Dubai. English Today 26(1). 43–50.10.1017/S0266078409990617Suche in Google Scholar

Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove. 2003. Linguistic diversity and biodiversity: the threat from killer languages. In Christian Mair (ed.), The politics of English as a world language: new horizons in postcolonial cultural studies, 31–65. New York, NY: Rodopi.10.1163/9789401200929_005Suche in Google Scholar

Snoj, James. 2015 April 12. UAE’s population – by nationality. BQ Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.bq-magazine.com/economy/socioeconomics/2015/04/uae-population-by-nationalitySuche in Google Scholar

Solloway, Anthony. 2017. English in the United Arab Emirates: innocuous lingua franca or insidious cultural Trojan Horse?. In Louisa Buckingham (ed.), Language education and identity on the Arabian Peninsula, 176–196. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783096602-011Suche in Google Scholar

Suleiman, Yasir. 2011. Arabic, self and identity. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199747016.001.0001Suche in Google Scholar

Thomason, Sarah G. 2015. Endangered languages. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9781139033817Suche in Google Scholar

Usage of content languages for websites. n.d.. W3Tech Web technology surveys Web site. Accessed March 30, 2017 from. https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/content_language/allSuche in Google Scholar

van Den Hoven, Melanie & Kevin S. Carroll. 2016. Emirati pre-service teachers’ perspectives of Abu Dhabi’s rich linguistic context. In Louisa Buckingham (ed.), Language, identity and education on the Arabian Peninsula: Bilingual policies in a multilingual context, 39–58. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters.10.21832/9781783096602-005Suche in Google Scholar

Published Online: 2018-09-19
Published in Print: 2018-10-25

© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Heruntergeladen am 14.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0038/pdf
Button zum nach oben scrollen