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Effect of tool material on microstructure and mechanical properties in friction stir welding

  • Bekir Çevik , Yusuf Özçatalbaş and Behçet Gülenç
Published/Copyright: December 24, 2015
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 58 Issue 1

Abstract

Although the number of experimental studies investigating the effect of friction stir welding (FSW) parameters on joining properties have increased recently, there are not sufficient numbers of studies on the effect of the stirring tool material in friction stir welding. This study investigated the effect of stirring tool materials on microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stress of joints. Samples of 7075-T651 Al alloys were joined by FSW using uncoated and TiN-coated X210Cr12 alloy steel stirring tools. The welding processes were performed at rotational speeds of 900, 1250 and 1600 rpm and at a welding speed of 60 mm × min−1. Mechanical and metallographic tests were applied to the welded joints and residual stress analysis was performed using the hole drilling method. The best mechanical properties were determined in the welded samples joined by the uncoated tool at a rotational speed of 900 rpm. It was also determined that the TiN-coated tool negatively affected the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the weldements. Moreover, the highest longitudinal residual stresses were specified in the joining performed by the uncoated tool.

Kurzfassung

Obwohl die Zahl der experimentellen Studien, in denen die Effekte der Rührreibschweißparameter auf Eigenschaften der Verbindungsschweißungen in der letzten Zeit zugenommen haben, gibt es bisher keine ausreichende Anzahl an Studien bezüglich der Auswirkungen des Rührwerkzeugwerkstoffes beim Rührreibschweißen. In der diesem Beitrag zugrundeliegenden Studie wurde daher der Effekt von Rührwerkzeugwerkstoffen auf die Mikrostruktur, die mechanischen Eigenschaften und die Eigenspannungen der Verbindungen untersucht. Hierzu wurden Proben aus 7075-T651 Al-Legierungen mittels Rührreibschweißens verbunden, wobei unbeschichtete und TiN-beschichtete Werkzeuge aus dem Stahl X210Cr12 verwendet wurden. Der Schweißprozess wurde bei Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten von 900, 1250 und 1600 U × min-1 und einer Schweißgeschwindigkeit von 60 mm × min-1 ausgeführt. Mit den Schweißverbindungen wurden mechanische und metallografische Prüfungen sowie Eigenspannungsanalysen mit dem Bohrlochverfahren durchgeführt. Die besten mechanischen Eigenschaften wurden in den Proben ermittelt, die mit einem unbeschichteten Werkzeug bei einer Rotationsgeschwindigkeit von 900 U × min−1 hergestellt wurden. Es wurde außerdem ermittelt, dass die TiN-beschichteten Werkzeuge die mechanischen und metallurgischen Eigenschaften der Verbindungen negativ beeinflussen. Darüber hinaus traten die höchsten Eigenspannungen in Längsrichtung in den Verbindungen auf, die mit dem unbeschichteten Werkzeug hergestellt wurden.

§Correspondence Address, Dr. Bekir Çevik, Düzce University, Department of Welding Technology, Vocational School of Gümüşova, Duzce, 81850, Turkey. E-mail:

Assist. Prof. Dr. Bekir Çevik, born in 1983, received his BSc degree in Technical Education from Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey in 2006. He received his MSc degree from Department of Metallurgy Education, Institute of Science and Technology, Gazi University in 2009 and completed his PhD at the same university and science field in 2014. Currently, he is working in the Department of Welding Technology of Düzce University, Turkey. His research interest is in materials science, mainly residual stress, welding technology and weldability of metals and polymers using advanced welding processes.

Prof. Dr. Yusuf Özçatalbaş, born in 1965, received his PhD from Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, Turkey in 1996. Currently, he is working as Professor at Gazi University. His research interest is in materials science, mainly in the areas of powder metallurgy and residual stress.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Behçet Gülenç, born in 1959, received his PhD from Gazi University, Institute of Science and Technology, Ankara, Turkey in 1995. Currently, he is working as Professor at Gazi University, Technology Faculty and Department of Metallurgy & Material Engineering. His research interest is in materials science, mainly in the areas of welding technology, and weldability of ferrous and nonferrous metals using advanced welding processes.

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Published Online: 2015-12-24
Published in Print: 2016-01-05

© 2016, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Inhalt/Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
  4. Quantification of vanadium precipitates in HSLA steel by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)
  5. Optimization of the wear behavior of uncoated, TiN and AlTiN coated cold work tool steel 1.2379 using response surface methodology
  6. Sensitivity analysis of the residual stress state in friction stir welding of high strength aluminum alloy
  7. Probability of detection of minute defects by ultrasonic automated testing equipment in view of Bayesian inference
  8. Parameters in lock-in thermography of CFRP laminates
  9. Effect of tool material on microstructure and mechanical properties in friction stir welding
  10. Microstructures of an AZ61 wrought magnesium alloy fabricated by a novel SPD process using thermomechanical simulation
  11. Corrosion resistance and microstructure of alloy 625 weld overlay on ASTM A516 grade 70
  12. Effects of post-curing on the thermo-mechanical behavior and the chemical structure of highly filled phenolic molding compounds
  13. Effect of pressing temperature on the wear resistance of a Co-based Cr-Mo powder alloy produced by hot pressing
  14. Deep micro-hole drilling of Hardox 500 by electro-discharge machining
  15. Optimization of thin-wall structures using hybrid gravitational search and Nelder-Mead algorithm
  16. Structural design of vehicle components using gravitational search and charged system search algorithms
  17. Electrical resistivity and strength properties of sodium hydroxide contaminated soil solidified with cement
https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110816

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Inhalt/Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
  4. Quantification of vanadium precipitates in HSLA steel by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS)
  5. Optimization of the wear behavior of uncoated, TiN and AlTiN coated cold work tool steel 1.2379 using response surface methodology
  6. Sensitivity analysis of the residual stress state in friction stir welding of high strength aluminum alloy
  7. Probability of detection of minute defects by ultrasonic automated testing equipment in view of Bayesian inference
  8. Parameters in lock-in thermography of CFRP laminates
  9. Effect of tool material on microstructure and mechanical properties in friction stir welding
  10. Microstructures of an AZ61 wrought magnesium alloy fabricated by a novel SPD process using thermomechanical simulation
  11. Corrosion resistance and microstructure of alloy 625 weld overlay on ASTM A516 grade 70
  12. Effects of post-curing on the thermo-mechanical behavior and the chemical structure of highly filled phenolic molding compounds
  13. Effect of pressing temperature on the wear resistance of a Co-based Cr-Mo powder alloy produced by hot pressing
  14. Deep micro-hole drilling of Hardox 500 by electro-discharge machining
  15. Optimization of thin-wall structures using hybrid gravitational search and Nelder-Mead algorithm
  16. Structural design of vehicle components using gravitational search and charged system search algorithms
  17. Electrical resistivity and strength properties of sodium hydroxide contaminated soil solidified with cement
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