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Thermodynamic and Interfacial Properties of Cationic Gemini Surfactant in the Presence of Alcohols

  • Taliha Sidim and Halide Akbaş
Published/Copyright: July 11, 2018
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 55 Issue 4

Abstract

The micellar properties of the cationic Gemini surfactant ethanediyl-1,2-bis(dimethyldodecyl ammonium bromide), C12H25 · (CH3)2N+–(CH2)2–N+(CH3)2C12H25 · 2Br− (12-2-12), with short chain alcohols have been studied by conductivity and surface tension measurements within the temperature range 293.15 K–313.15 K and alcohol percentage. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 12-2-12 solution, degree of ionization (α) and standard Gibbs free energy of micellization (ΔG°m), standard enthalpy of micellization (ΔH°m) were calculated from conductivity and surface tension data. The experimental data show that the CMC values of cationic Gemini surfactants increased with addition of methanol, ethanol and n-propanol. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°m), (ΔH°m) and (ΔS°m) of micellization of 12-2-12 in alcohol were also calculated from the temperature dependence of the CMC values. CMC, (α), (ΔH°m) and (ΔS°m) increased linearly with increasing temperature. In the mixture of dimeric cationic surfactant (12-2-12) and alcohol solutions, the CMC values showed a slight increase with increasing alcohol concentration. CMC, maximum surface excess concentration at the solution/air interface, Γmax, minimum area per surfactant molecule, Amin, and the surface pressure at CMC, ¶CMC, values calculated from the surface tension measurements and thermodynamic parameters have been evaluated at same temperatures.

Kurzfassung

Die mizellaren Eigenschaften des kationischen Gemini-Tensids Ethandiyl-1,2-bis-(dimethyldodecylammoniumbromid), C12H25(CH3)2N+–(CH2)2–N+(CH3)2C12H25 · 2Br− (12-2-12) mit kurzkettigen Alkoholen wurden durch Leitfähigkeits- und Oberflächenspannungsmessungen im Temperaturbereich von 293,15 bis 313,15 K und bei prozentualem Alkoholgehalt untersucht. Die kritische Mizellenkonzentration (CMC) der 12-2-12-Lösung, der Ionisierungsgrad (α), die freie Gibbs-Energie der Mizellenbildung (ΔG°m), und die Standardenthalpie der Mizellenbildung (ΔH°m) wurden aus der Leitfähigkeit und der Oberflächenspannung berechnet. Die experimentellen Daten zeigen, dass die CMC-Werte von kationischen Gemini-Tensiden mit Zugabe von Methanol, Ethanol und n-Propanol ansteigen. Die thermodynamischen Parameter der Mizellenbildung ΔG°m, ΔH°m und ΔS°m von 12-2-12 in Alkohol wurden ebenfalls aus der Temperaturabhängigkeit der CMC-Werte berechnet. CMC, α, ΔH°m und ΔS°m nahmen linear mit steigender Temperatur zu. Die CMC-Werte von Mischungen aus dem dimeren kationischen Tensid 12-2-12 und Alkohollösungen zeigten einen leichten Anstieg mit steigender Alkoholkonzentration. Die CMC, die maximale Oberflächenüberschußkonzentration an der Lösung/Luft-Grenzfläche Γmax, die minimale Fläche pro Tensidmolekül Amin, und der Oberflächendruck bei der CMC, ¶CMC, die aus den Oberflächenspannungsmessungen und thermodynamischen Parametern berechnet wurden, wurden bei den gleichen Temperaturen ausgewertet.

Key words: Cationic gemini surfactant; critical micelle concentration; surface tension; conductivity
Stichwörter: Kationische Gemini-Tenside; kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration; Oberflächenspannung; Leitfähigkeit
*Correspondence address, Asist. Prof. Dr. T. Sidim, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Trakya University, 22030 Edirne, Turkey, E-Mail:

Taliha Sidim is an Associate Professor at Trakya University, Turkey, and has been working in surfactant science on microemulsions, detergents, and detergents applications.

Halide Akbaş is an retired Professor from Trakya University, turkey, and made research in surfactants and detergents area

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Received: 2017-06-16
Accepted: 2017-08-12
Published Online: 2018-07-11
Published in Print: 2018-07-16

© 2018, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110565
Keywords for this article
Cationic gemini surfactant; critical micelle concentration; surface tension; conductivity

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Review Article
  4. Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Anionic Phosphate Ester Surfactants: A Review
  5. Detergent Ingredients
  6. Biological Surfactants vs. Polysorbates: Comparison of Their Emulsifier and Surfactant Properties
  7. Environmental Chemistry
  8. Green and Efficient Reverse Micellar Extraction and Recovery of Mixed Ionic Dyes from Textile Effluent
  9. Physical Chemistry
  10. Thermodynamic and Interfacial Properties of Cationic Gemini Surfactant in the Presence of Alcohols
  11. Research of Binary Surfactant Mixtures Based on N-Lauroyl Sarcosinate
  12. Surface and Interfacial Properties of Mono and Didodecyl Diphenyl Ether Disulfonates
  13. Application
  14. Adsorption and Surface Properties of Mixtures of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Ethoxylates and Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate
  15. Synthesis
  16. Synthesis and Interfacial Tensions of Sodium p-Dimethyl Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates
  17. Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-4-(4-nitrophenyl)butan-2-one using p-Nitro Benzaldehyde and Acetone in Aqueous Micellar Media using L-Proline
  18. Novel Surfactants
  19. Foam and Rheological Properties of a Kind of Extended Surfactants
  20. Formation of Mixed Micelles of the Environmentally Acceptable Oxy-Diester-Linked Gemini Surfactants with Brij 58
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