Inhibition of Calcium Carbonate Scale Using an Environmental Friendly Scale Inhibitor
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Huchuan Wang
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is considered as the most frequent scale commonly occurring in cooling water systems. To reduce calcium carbonate scale in an environment–friendly way, a copolymer consisting of acrylic acid (AA)-acrylamide (AM)-polypropylene glycol and maleic anhydride (PPGAZMA) was developed to inhibit this phenomenon. The structure of the AA-AM-PPGAZMA was characterized by FT-IR method. The performance of AA-AM-PPGAZMA inhibition process was evaluated from static experiment method. Results indicated that excellent ability to control inorganic minerals, with approximately 71.1% calcium carbonate inhibition under the optimum conditions. Also the effect of the copolymer addition on the crystals of calcium carbonate scales morphology was examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM illustrated that great changes in the size and morphology of the calcium carbonate scales took place under the influence of AA-AM-PPGAZMA. SEM and XRD results identify that not only the scales shape and size changed but also that the scales forms altered to an extent.
Kurzfassung
Calciumcarbonat ist die am häufigsten in Kühlwassersystemen auftretende Ablagerung. Zur umweltfreundlichen Reduktion dieser Ablagerungen aus Calciumcarbonat wurde ein Polymer aus Acrylsäue (AA)-Acrylamid (AM)-Polypropylenglycol und Maleinsäureanhydrid (PPGAZMA) entwickelt. Die Struktur von AA-AM-PPGAZMA wurde mit FT-IR bestimmt. Die Wirkung des Inhibierungsvorgangs mit AA-AM-PPGAZMA wurde experimentell mit der statischen Methode festgestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, unter optimierten Bedingungen eine hervorragende Kontrolle der anorganischen Mineralien von etwa 71.1% Calciumcarbonatinhibierung. Auch der Einfluss der Kopolymeraddition auf die Morphologie der abgelagerten Calciumcarbonatkristalle wurde mit der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (SEM) untersucht und zeigte deutliche Änderungen der Größe und der Morphologie der Calciumcarbonatablagerungen unter dem Einfluss von of AA-AM-PPGAZMA. Mit der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie und Röntgenbeugung (XRD) war zu erkennen, dass sich nicht nur die Form und Größe der Kalkablagerungen sondern sich auch ihre Formen im gewissen Maß veränderten.
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© 2017, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Detergent/Enzymes
- Lactobacillus brevis Lipase: Purification, Immobilization onto Magnetic Florosil NPs, Characterization and Application as a Detergent Additive
- Study on the Interaction Between Cellulase and Surfactants
- Physical Chemistry
- Study of Ionic Liquid Microemulsions: Ethylammonium Nitrate/TritonX-100/Cyclohexane
- Synergistic Effect of Cationic Surfactants on the Rheological Behavior of Erucyl Amidosulfobetaine
- Microscopic Evidence for the Correlation of Micellar Structures and Counterion Binding Constant for Flexible Nanoparticle Catalyzed Piperidinolysis of PS− in Colloidal System
- Application
- Effect of Surface Modification on the Dispersion, Thermal Stability and Crystallization Properties of PET/CaCO3 Nanocomposites
- Environmental Chemistry
- Inhibition of Calcium Carbonate Scale Using an Environmental Friendly Scale Inhibitor
- Novel Surfactants
- Study on the Properties of Mixed Micelles of Disodium Salt of 3-({2-[(2-Carboxy-ethyl)-dodecanoyl-amino]-ethyl}-dodecanoyl-amino)-propionic Acid in Solution Systems
- Synthesis
- Macrocyclic Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived from Isatin: Structural Activity Relationship and DFT Calculations
- Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants Used in Enhanced Oil Recovery: Synthesis, Properties, and Flooding Experiments
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents/Inhalt
- Contents
- Detergent/Enzymes
- Lactobacillus brevis Lipase: Purification, Immobilization onto Magnetic Florosil NPs, Characterization and Application as a Detergent Additive
- Study on the Interaction Between Cellulase and Surfactants
- Physical Chemistry
- Study of Ionic Liquid Microemulsions: Ethylammonium Nitrate/TritonX-100/Cyclohexane
- Synergistic Effect of Cationic Surfactants on the Rheological Behavior of Erucyl Amidosulfobetaine
- Microscopic Evidence for the Correlation of Micellar Structures and Counterion Binding Constant for Flexible Nanoparticle Catalyzed Piperidinolysis of PS− in Colloidal System
- Application
- Effect of Surface Modification on the Dispersion, Thermal Stability and Crystallization Properties of PET/CaCO3 Nanocomposites
- Environmental Chemistry
- Inhibition of Calcium Carbonate Scale Using an Environmental Friendly Scale Inhibitor
- Novel Surfactants
- Study on the Properties of Mixed Micelles of Disodium Salt of 3-({2-[(2-Carboxy-ethyl)-dodecanoyl-amino]-ethyl}-dodecanoyl-amino)-propionic Acid in Solution Systems
- Synthesis
- Macrocyclic Schiff Base Metal Complexes Derived from Isatin: Structural Activity Relationship and DFT Calculations
- Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants Used in Enhanced Oil Recovery: Synthesis, Properties, and Flooding Experiments
