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Occurrence, fate, and toxicity of emerging contaminants in a diverse ecosystem

  • Rameshwar Yadav Hiranmai ORCID logo and Murugesan Kamaraj ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: October 13, 2021
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Physical Sciences Reviews
From the journal Physical Sciences Reviews Volume 8 Issue 9

Abstract

Activities that were developed for better/modern living conditions of humans are the primary source of contaminants to the natural ecosystem. Some of the compounds involved in urbanization and industrialization are termed emerging contaminants (ECs) or contaminants of emerging concern. ECs are either chemical or derived from natural sources which environmental concerns and public health have been raised in recent years. ECs enter wastewater treatment systems and migrate from here to different ecosystems as direct or by-products. They are persistent and also stay for a long duration due to their less biodegradation and photodegradation nature. Also, ECs accumulated in living cells and transformed through trophic levels. Technological developments and their application/utility in daily life led to the production of various components that are being added to the natural ecosystem. The treated/untreated wastewater enters into fresh/marine water bodies and gets accumulated into fauna, flora, and sediments. These pollutants/contaminants that are getting added on an everyday basis bring about changes in the existing ecosystem balances. ECs have been found in almost every country’s natural environment, and as a result, they became a global issue. The present review discusses the route and transport of selected ECs into the terrestrial ecosystem through water and other means and how they influence the natural process in an ecosystem. The ECs such as personal care products, pharmaceuticals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, endocrine disruptors, nanoparticles, and microplastics are highlighted in this review.

Keywords: anthropogenic activities; emerging contaminants; food web; occurrence; terrestrial ecosystem; toxicity
Corresponding author: Rameshwar Yadav Hiranmai, School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge all who had been instrumental in the creation of this review article.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: No fund was received from any funding agency or organization toward making this manuscript.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.

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Published Online: 2021-10-13

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2021-0054
Keywords for this article
anthropogenic activities; emerging contaminants; food web; occurrence; terrestrial ecosystem; toxicity

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Magnetic characterization of magnetoactive elastomers containing magnetic hard particles using first-order reversal curve analysis
  4. Microscopic understanding of particle-matrix interaction in magnetic hybrid materials by element-specific spectroscopy
  5. Biodeinking: an eco-friendly alternative for chemicals based recycled fiber processing
  6. Bio-based polyurethane aqueous dispersions
  7. Cellulose-based polymers
  8. Biodegradable shape-memory polymers and composites
  9. Natural substances in cancer—do they work?
  10. Personalized and targeted therapies
  11. Identification of potential histone deacetylase inhibitory biflavonoids from Garcinia kola (Guttiferae) using in silico protein-ligand interaction
  12. Chemical computational approaches for optimization of effective surfactants in enhanced oil recovery
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  16. Updates on the versatile quinoline heterocycles as anticancer agents
  17. Trends in microbial degradation and bioremediation of emerging contaminants
  18. Power to the city: Assessing the rooftop solar photovoltaic potential in multiple cities of Ecuador
  19. Phytoremediation as an effective tool to handle emerging contaminants
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  26. Advances in heterocycles as DNA intercalating cancer drugs
  27. Systems biology–the transformative approach to integrate sciences across disciplines
  28. Pharmaceutical interest of in-silico approaches
  29. Membrane technologies for sports supplementation
  30. Fused pyrrolo-pyridines and pyrrolo-(iso)quinoline as anticancer agents
  31. Membrane applications in the food industry
  32. Membrane techniques in the production of beverages
  33. Statistical methods for in silico tools used for risk assessment and toxicology
  34. Dicarbonyl compounds in the synthesis of heterocycles under green conditions
  35. Green synthesis of triazolo-nucleoside conjugates via azide–alkyne C–N bond formation
  36. Anaerobic digestion fundamentals, challenges, and technological advances
  37. Survival is the driver for adaptation: safety engineering changed the future, security engineering prevented disasters and transition engineering navigates the pathway to the climate-safe future
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