Ambient refractive index sensitivity of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with reduced cladding thickness using three-layer fiber geometry approach
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Shivendu Prashar
,
Sartajvir Singh
,
Vishakha Sood
Abstract
This article presents the refractive index (RI) sensitivity study of cladding reduced uniform long-period fiber grating. The displacement of resonant wavelength with the change in ambient RI is observed to inspect the sensitivity. Here, the grating period is fixed at a value (550 μm) to analyze RI sensitivity of cladding modes (HE13-HE14). However, it varies in earlier mathematical studies to adjust the resonant wavelength of all modes at a specific wavelength. The three-layer fiber geometry-based mathematical approach is employed to estimate the core and cladding modes. The obtained results support decline in quantity of cladding modes sustained by a single-mode fiber. The decrease in cladding radius has shown enhancement in RI sensitivity. For a reduction of 22 μm in cladding radius, the highest ordered HE14 cladding mode has shown 5.8 times improvement in its sensitivity.
Funding source: Teachers Associateship for Research Excellence (TARE)
Award Identifier / Grant number: Grant No. TAR/2020/000248
Funding source: Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)
Funding source: Department of Science and Technology (DST)
Acknowledgment
Authors are thankful to SERB, DST, India for this financial support. Dr Shivendu Prashar is also thankful to SERB, DST, India for providing him research fellowship under the TARE (Grant no. TAR/2020/000248) programme. Authors are thankful to Dr. Umesh Kumar Tiwari for his valuable suggestions and CSIO Chandigarh to permit us to use their lab facility.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: This work is financially supported under Teachers Associateship for Research Excellence (TARE), Grant No. TAR/2020/000248 provided by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), India.
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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- 400 Gb/s free space optical communication (FSOC) system using OAM multiplexing and PDM-QPSK with DSP
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