Home Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communication
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communication

  • Monika Kiroriwal ORCID logo EMAIL logo and Poonam Singal
Published/Copyright: June 17, 2022
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
Journal of Optical Communications
From the journal Journal of Optical Communications Volume 45 Issue 4

Abstract

Photonic crystal fiber is a category of optical fibers, getting great attention by its promise to offer a range of optical characteristics that are not achievable in conventional optical fibers. Engineered dispersion and nonlinear characteristics of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) make it an attractive candidate for nonlinear optics and advanced optical networking in the all-optical domain. An optical network consists of different optical components such as laser sources, amplifiers, regenerators, and convertors for proper signal transmission over long distances. In recent years, the performance of the components has been improving by employing the appealing properties of PCF. The PCF’s application on such components is discussed, and the simulated results on gain amplification, regeneration, conversion, fiber laser are reviewed. These developments reveal that the enhanced performance provided by PCF makes it suitable for different optics applications.

Keywords: de-multiplexers; parametric amplifiers; photonic crystal fibers; regenerators; wavelength converters
Corresponding author: Monika Kiroriwal, ECE Department Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India, E-mail:

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

References

1. Russell, PSJ. Photonic-crystal fibers. J Lightwave Technol 2006;24:4729–49.10.1109/JLT.2006.885258Search in Google Scholar

2. Russell, PSJ. Photonic crystal fibers: basics and applications. In: Optical Fiber Telecommunications VA. Academic press and Elsevier; 2008:485–22 pp.10.1016/B978-0-12-374171-4.00014-9Search in Google Scholar

3. Saitoh, K, Tsuchida, Y, Koshiba, M, Mortensen, NA. Endlessly single-mode holey fibers: the influence of core design. Opt Express 2005;13:10833–9.10.1364/OPEX.13.010833Search in Google Scholar PubMed

4. Kuhlmey, B, Renversez, G, Maystre, D. Chromatic dispersion and losses of microstructured optical fibers. Appl Opt 2003;42:634–9.10.1364/AO.42.000634Search in Google Scholar PubMed

5. Varshney, SK, Singh, MP, Sinha, RK. Propagation characteristics of photonic crystal fibers. J Opt Commun 2003;24:192–8.10.1515/JOC.2003.24.5.192Search in Google Scholar

6. Dudley, JM, Taylor, JR. Ten years of nonlinear optics in photonic crystal fiber. Nat Photonics 2009;3:85–90.10.1038/nphoton.2008.285Search in Google Scholar

7. Singh, S, Singh, N. Nonlinear effects in optical fibers: origin, management and applications. Prog Electromagn Res 2007;73:249–75.10.2528/PIER07040201Search in Google Scholar

8. Issa, NA, Eijkelenborg, MA, Fellew, M, Cox, F, Henry, G, Large, MC. Fabrication and study of micro structured optical fibers with elliptical holes. Opt Lett 2004;29:1336–8.10.1364/OL.29.001336Search in Google Scholar

9. Bise, RT, Trevor, D. Sol-gel derived micro structured fibers: fabrication and characterization. In: Proceedings of the Optical Fiber Communication Conference. OWL6; 2005.10.1109/OFC.2005.192772Search in Google Scholar

10. Zhang, P, Zhang, J, Yang, P, Dai, S, Wang, X, Zhang, W. Fabrication of chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fibers with mechanical drilling. Opt Fiber Technol 2015;26:176–9.10.1016/j.yofte.2015.09.002Search in Google Scholar

11. Chauhan, P, Kumar, A, Kalra, Y. Mid-infrared broadband supercontinuum generation in a highly nonlinear rectangular core chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber. Opt Fiber Technol 2018;46:174–8.10.1016/j.yofte.2018.10.004Search in Google Scholar

12. Karim, MR, Rahman, BM, Agrawal, GP. Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge 11.5 As 24 Se 64.5 chalcogenide channel waveguide. Opt Express 2015;23:6903–14.10.1364/OE.23.006903Search in Google Scholar PubMed

13. Saini, TS, Hoa, NP, Tuan, TH, Luo, X, Suzuki, T, Ohishi, Y. Tapered tellurite step-index optical fiber for coherent near-to-mid-IR supercontinuum generation: experiment and modeling. Appl Opt 2019;58:415–21.10.1364/AO.58.000415Search in Google Scholar PubMed

14. Xu, Y, Wei, Y, Ren, X, Zhang, X, Huang, Y. All-optical regeneration based on highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. Front Optoelectron China 2008;1:79–84.10.1007/s12200-008-0017-1Search in Google Scholar

15. Bjarklev, A, Lin, C. Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communications-What is in the future? In: IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings 2005:812–3 pp.10.1109/LEOS.2005.1548256Search in Google Scholar

16. Sridharan, AK, Pax, P, Messerly, MJ, Dawson, JW. High-gain photonic crystal fiber regenerative amplifier. Optics letters 2009;34:608–10.10.1364/OL.34.000608Search in Google Scholar PubMed

17. Zhou, J, Tajima, K, Nakajima, K, Kurokawa, K, Fukai, C, Matsui, T, et al.. Progress on low loss photonic crystal fibers. Opt Fiber Technol 2005;11:101–10.10.1016/j.yofte.2004.12.002Search in Google Scholar

18. Kudlinski, A, Mussot, A, Habert, R, Sylvestre, T. Widely tunable parametric amplification and pulse train generation by heating a photonic crystal fiber. IEEE J Quant Electron 2011;47:1514–8.10.1109/JQE.2011.2173159Search in Google Scholar

19. Zhang, L, Yang, SG, Wang, XJ, Gou, DD, Chen, HW, Chen, MH, et al.. Demonstration of optical parametric gain generation in the 1 μm regime based on a photonic crystal fiber pumped by a picosecond mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser. J Opt 2013;16:015202.10.1088/2040-8978/16/1/015202Search in Google Scholar

20. Maji, PS, Chaudhuri, PR. Tunable fiber-optic parametric amplifier based on near-zero ultraflat dispersion PCF for communication wavelength. IEEE Photonics J 2015;7:1–3.10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2438432Search in Google Scholar

21. Zhang, L, Tuan, TH, Kawamura, H, Nagasaka, K, Suzuki, T, Ohishi, Y. Broadband optical parametric amplifier formed by two pairs of adjacent four-wave mixing sidebands in a tellurite microstructured optical fibre. J Opt 2016;18:055502.10.1088/2040-8978/18/5/055502Search in Google Scholar

22. Pakarzadeh, H, Taghizadeh, M, Hatami, M. Designing a photonic crystal fiber for an ultra-broadband parametric amplification in telecommunication region. J Nonlinear Opt Phys Mater 2016;25:1650023.10.1142/S0218863516500235Search in Google Scholar

23. Taghizadeh, M, Hatami, M, Pakarzadeh, H, Tavassoly, MK. Pulsed optical parametric amplification based on photonic crystal fibres. J Mod Opt 2017;64:357–65.10.1080/09500340.2016.1237684Search in Google Scholar

24. Ahmadian, A, Khatir, M, Darvish, G. Dual-band fiber optical parametric amplification in a structure of highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. Opt Eng 2021;60:046107.10.1117/1.OE.60.4.046107Search in Google Scholar

25. Eltaif, T. Broadband enhancement of optical frequency comb using cascaded four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fiber. Adv OptoElectrons 2017:1365072.10.1155/2017/1365072Search in Google Scholar

26. Sang, X, Chu, PL, Yu, C. Applications of nonlinear effects in highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber to optical communications. Opt Quantum Electron 2005;37:965–94.10.1007/s11082-005-8338-4Search in Google Scholar

27. de Sousa, FB, de Oliveira, JE, Costa, MB, Sabino, ER. Mach-Zehnder interferometer of highly non-linear photonic crystal fiber for all optical 3r regeneration. Int J Eng Res Technol 2017;6:2278–0181.10.17577/IJERTV6IS060229Search in Google Scholar

28. Xu, SX, Zhou, L, Xiao, J. 40 Gb/s optical 3R-regeneration Based on XPM and SPM in PCF. Adv Mat Res 2012;571:180–4.10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.571.180Search in Google Scholar

29. Oliveira, JM, da Silva, HAB, de Sousa, FB, de Oliveira, LA, de Oliveira, JE, de Sousa, FM, et al.. Verification of all-optical regeneration with hybrid modulation and with on-off keying modulation with return to zero and non-return to zero coding. J Comput Theor Nanosci 2020;17:4875–84.10.1166/jctn.2020.9628Search in Google Scholar

30. Zsigri, B, Peucheret, C, Nielsen, MD, Jeppesen, P. Demonstration of broadcast, transmission, and wavelength conversion functionalities using photonic crystal fibers. IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 2006;18:2290–2.10.1109/LPT.2006.884736Search in Google Scholar

31. Vander Westhuizen, G, Nilsson, J. Fiber optical parametric oscillator for large frequency-shift wavelength conversion. IEEE J Quant Electron 2011;47:1396–03.10.1109/JQE.2011.2162058Search in Google Scholar

32. Bai, J, Xing, W, Yang, C, Li, Y, Bird, DM. Strategy to achieve phase matching condition for third harmonic generation in all-solid photonic crystal fibers. IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 2011;24:389–91.10.1109/LPT.2011.2179798Search in Google Scholar

33. Mack, JP, Horton, TU, Astar, W, Ritter, KJ, Carter, GM. Polarization insensitive wavelength conversion by FWM of multiformat DWDM signals using birefringent PCF. IEEE Sel Top Quant Electron 2011;18:909–15.10.1109/JSTQE.2011.2142296Search in Google Scholar

34. Monfared, YE, Mojtahedinia, A, Javan, AM, Kashani, AM. Highly nonlinear enhanced-core photonic crystal fiber with low dispersion for wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing. Front Optoelectron 2013;6:297–02.10.1007/s12200-013-0336-8Search in Google Scholar

35. Cai, S, Yu, S, Lan, M, Gao, L, Nie, S, Gu, W. Broadband mode converter based on photonic crystal fiber. IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 2014;27:474–7.10.1109/LPT.2014.2377495Search in Google Scholar

36. Hui, ZQ, Gong, JM, Liang, M, Zhang, MZ, Wu, HM. Demonstration of all-optical RZ-to-NRZ format conversion based on self phase modulation in a dispersion flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. Opt Laser Technol 2013;54:7–14.10.1016/j.optlastec.2013.04.028Search in Google Scholar

37. Hui, ZQ, Zhang, B, Zhang, JG. All-optical NRZ-to-RZ format conversion at 10 Gbit/s with 1-to-4 wavelength multicasting exploiting cross-phase modulation & four-wave-mixing in single dispersion-flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. J Mod Opt 2016;63:724–34.10.1080/09500340.2015.1094149Search in Google Scholar

38. Zhai, K, Zhang, S, Ma, X, Song, Y, Hu, M, Wang, Q, et al.. Temperature dependence of fiber-format multi wavelength generation process in bulk MGO-PPLN crystal via high-power photonic crystal fiber laser. IEEE Photonics J 2016;8:1–7.10.1109/JPHOT.2016.2536364Search in Google Scholar

39. Pakarzadeh, H, Derakhshan, R, Hosseinabadi, S. Tunable wavelength conversion based on optofluidic infiltrated photonic crystal fibers. J Nonlinear Opt Phys Mater 2019;28:1950002.10.1142/S0218863519500024Search in Google Scholar

40. Le, SD, Gay, M, Bramerie, L, e Silva, MC, Lenglé, K, Pareige, C, et al.. All-optical wavelength conversion of a 56 Gb/s DQPSK signal and all-optical demultiplexing of a 170 Gb/s OOK signal in chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers. In: European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication. OSA; 2012. Th-2.10.1364/ECEOC.2012.Th.2.F.3Search in Google Scholar

41. Hui, ZQ, Zhang, JG. Wavelength conversion, time demultiplexing and multicasting based on cross-phase modulation and four-wave mixing in dispersion-flattened highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. J Opt 2012;14:055402.10.1088/2040-8978/14/5/055402Search in Google Scholar

42. Hui, ZQ, Zhang, JG. Design of optical time-division multiplexed systems using the cascaded four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber for simultaneous time demultiplexing and wavelength multicasting. J Opt 2015;17:075702.10.1088/2040-8978/17/7/075702Search in Google Scholar

43. Zhang, H, Han, D, Xi, L, Zhang, Z, Zhang, X, Li, H, et al.. Two-layer erbium-doped air-core circular photonic crystal fiber amplifier for orbital angular momentum mode division multiplexing system. Cryst 2019;9:156.10.3390/cryst9030156Search in Google Scholar

44. Manimaraboopathy, M, Kumar, GS, Mohanraj, J, Valliammai, M. Realization of all-optical multiplexer–demultiplexer in mid-IR wavelengths using triple-core photonic quasi-crystal fiber. Opt Commun 2021;481:126556.10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126556Search in Google Scholar

45. Pinto, AM, Lopez-Amo, M. All-fiber lasers through photonic crystal fibers. Nanophotonics 2013;2:355–68.10.1515/nanoph-2013-0026Search in Google Scholar

46. Zhang, A, Demokan, MS, Tam, HY. Room temperature multi-wavelength erbium doped fiber laser using a highly non linear photonic crystal fiber. Opt Commun 2006;260:670–4.10.1016/j.optcom.2005.11.013Search in Google Scholar

47. Knight, JC. Photonic crystal fibers and fiber lasers. JOSA B 2007;24:1661–8.10.1364/JOSAB.24.001661Search in Google Scholar

48. Pei, W, Li, H, Huang, W, Wang, M, Wang, Z. All-fiber tunable pulsed 1.7 μm fiber lasers based on stimulated Raman scattering of hydrogen molecules in hollow-core fibers. Molecules 2021;26:4561.10.3390/molecules26154561Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

49. Jones, AM, Nampoothiri, AV, Ratanavis, A, Fiedler, T, Wheeler, NV, Couny, F, et al.. Mid-infrared gas filled photonic crystal fiber laser based on population inversion. Opt Express 2011;19:2309–16.10.1364/OE.19.002309Search in Google Scholar PubMed

50. Xie, C, Hu, ML, Zhang, DP, Gu, CL, Song, YJ, Chai, L, et al.. Generation of 25-fs high energy pulses by SPM-induced spectral broadening in a photonic crystal fiber laser system. IEEE Photonics Technol Lett 2012;24:551–3.10.1109/LPT.2012.2183343Search in Google Scholar

51. Shahabuddin, NS, Ahmad, H, Yusoff, Z, Harun, SW. Spacing-switchable multiwavelength fiber laser based on nonlinear polarization rotation and Brillouin scattering in photonic crystal fiber. IEEE Photonics J 2011;4:34–8.10.1109/JPHOT.2011.2178400Search in Google Scholar

52. Chen, W, Lou, S, Wang, L, Zou, H, Lu, W, Jian, S. Switchable multi-wavelength fiber ring laser using a side-leakage photonic crystal fiber based filter. Opt Laser Technol 2012;44:611–6.10.1016/j.optlastec.2011.09.007Search in Google Scholar

53. Liu, HH, Chow, KK. Flat Supercontinuum generation using carbon nanotube based madelocked laser and normal dispersion photonic crystal fiber. Electron Lett 2013;49:1020–21.10.1049/el.2013.1371Search in Google Scholar

54. Rong, Q, Qiao, X, Yang, HZ, Shao, Z, Wang, R, Su, D. Mode-locked soliton fiber laser using an intracavity polarization maintaining photonics crystal fiber. IEEE Sel Top Quant Electron 2014;20:406–10.10.1109/JSTQE.2014.2302360Search in Google Scholar

55. Cheng, J, Qiu, J, Ruan, S. Switchable quadruple-wavelength erbium-doped photonic crystal fiber laser based on a polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber Sagnac loop filter. Opt Laser Technol 2014;58:110–3.10.1016/j.optlastec.2013.11.005Search in Google Scholar

56. Soltanian, MR, Amiri, IS, Alavi, SE, Ahmad, H. Dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser to generate terahertz radiation using photonic crystal fiber. J Lightwave Technol 2015;33:5038–46.10.1109/JLT.2015.2495255Search in Google Scholar

57. Soltanian, MR, Ahmad, H, Khodaie, A, Amiri, IS, Ismail, MF, Harun, SW. A stable dual-wavelength Thulium-doped fiber laser at 1.9 μm using photonic crystal fiber. Sci Rep 2015;5:1–8.10.1038/srep14537Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

58. Huang, LL, Hu, ML, Fang, XH, Liu, BW, Chai, L, Wang, CY. Generation of 110-W sub-100-fs pulses at 100 MHz by nonlinear amplification based on multicore photonic crystal fiber. IEEE Photonics J 2016;8:1–7.10.1109/JPHOT.2016.2576418Search in Google Scholar

59. Yang, X, Lu, Y, Liu, B, Yao, J. Fiber ring laser temperature sensor based on liquid-filled photonic crystal fiber. IEEE Sens J 2017;17:6948–52.10.1109/JSEN.2017.2754640Search in Google Scholar

60. Chu, Y, Yang, Y, Hu, X, Chen, Z, Ma, Y, Liu, Y, et al.. Yb 3+ heavily doped photonic crystal fiber lasers prepared by the glass phase-separation technology. Opt Express 2017;25:24061–7.10.1364/OE.25.024061Search in Google Scholar PubMed

61. Zhang, X, Thapa, S, Dutta, NK. High-speed pulsed fiber ring laser using photonic crystal fiber. Int J High Speed Electron Syst 2018;27:1840008.10.1142/S0129156418400086Search in Google Scholar

62. Jiang, P, Xu, Q, Zhu, Y, Zhang, Y. Low-threshold wavelength-switchable photonic crystal fiber laser based on superimposed fiber Bragg gratings. Opt Fiber Technol 2019;50:19–22.10.1016/j.yofte.2019.01.028Search in Google Scholar

63. He, J, Song, R, Tao, Y, Hou, J. Supercontinuum generation directly from a random fiber laser based on photonic crystal fiber. Opt Express 2020;28:27308–15.10.1364/OE.399965Search in Google Scholar PubMed

64. Mikhailov, S, Zhang, L, Geernaert, T, Berghmans, F, Thévenaz, L. Distributed hydrostatic pressure measurement using Phase-OTDR in a highly birefringent photonic crystal fiber. J Lightwave Technol 2019;37:4496–500.10.1109/JLT.2019.2904756Search in Google Scholar

65. Kiroriwal, M, Singal, P. Design and analysis of broadband supercontinuum generation in highly nonlinear LiGaSe 2-based photonic crystal fibre. Pramana 2021;95:1–7.10.1007/s12043-021-02179-wSearch in Google Scholar

66. Li, L, Abdukerim, N, Rochette, M. Mid-infrared wavelength conversion from As2Se3 micro-wires. Opt Lett 2017;42:639–42.10.1364/OL.42.000639Search in Google Scholar PubMed

67. Lona, DG, Hernández-Figueroa, HE, Cerqueira, SJr, Stefanini, G, Fragnito, HL. Applicability of low macro-bending loss hollow-core PCF to FTTH applications. J Microwaves, Optoelectron Electromagn Appl 2011;10:251–8.10.1590/S2179-10742011000100023Search in Google Scholar

68. Yuan, J, Kang, Z, Li, F, Zhang, X, Sang, X, Wu, Q, et al.. Mid-infrared octave-spanning supercontinuum and frequency comb generation in a suspended germanium-membrane ridge waveguide. J Lightwave Technol 2017;35:2994–02.10.1109/JLT.2017.2703644Search in Google Scholar

69. Ferhat, ML, Cherbi, L, Haddouche, I. Supercontinuum generation in silica photonic crystal fiber at 1.3 μm and 1.65 μm wavelengths for optical coherence tomography. Optik 2018;152:106–15.10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.09.111Search in Google Scholar

70. Kiroriwal, M, Singal, P. Design and analysis of highly sensitive solid core gold-coated hexagonal photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance. J Nanophotonics 2021;15:026008.10.1117/1.JNP.15.026008Search in Google Scholar

71. Diouf, M, Salem, AB, Cherif, R, Saghaei, H, Wague, A. Super-flat coherent supercontinuum source in As 38.8 Se 61.2 chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber with all-normal dispersion engineering at a very low input energy. Appl Opt 2017;56:163–9.10.1364/AO.56.000163Search in Google Scholar PubMed

72. Kiroriwal, M, Singal, P. Numerical analysis on the supercontinuum generation through Al0.24Ga0.76As based photonic crystal fiber. Sādhanā. 2021;46:1–8.10.1007/s12046-021-01695-0Search in Google Scholar
Received: 2021-10-03
Accepted: 2022-05-30
Published Online: 2022-06-17
Published in Print: 2024-10-28

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Detectors
  3. Performance investigation of DPMZM based RoF system by employing PIN and APD photodetector
  4. Devices
  5. Analysis of interferometric configuration for optical devices
  6. Fibers
  7. Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communication
  8. An accurate but simple method for estimation of the influence of kerr nonlinearity on the far field pattern of LP11 mode in dispersion-shifted and dispersion-flattened fibers
  9. Ambient refractive index sensitivity of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with reduced cladding thickness using three-layer fiber geometry approach
  10. Research on novel single-mode polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber
  11. Networks
  12. Wavelength division multiplexed radio-over-fiber (WDM-RoF) system for next-generation networks with dispersion compensating fiber
  13. A simple chaotic base encryption scheme for securing OFDM-PON communications
  14. Performance Investigations of Symmetric 80 Gbps TWDM NG-PON2 coexisting with GPON/XG-PON
  15. Investigation of link due to atmospheric turbulence in free space optical communication for optical wireless terrestrial networks
  16. Performance analysis of WDM-ROF network with different receiver filters
  17. Optimization-enabled user pairing algorithm for energy-efficient resource allocation for noma heterogeneous networks
  18. Systems
  19. A comprehensive study on radio over fiber systems: present evaluations and future challenges
  20. Nonlinear effects on WDM optical communication system
  21. Nonlinearity mitigation of self-phase modulation effect in coherent optical system
  22. Performance evaluation of MDM-FSO transmission system for varying atmospheric conditions
  23. Design and performance optimization of 96 x 40 Gbps CSRZ based DWDM long-haul system
  24. Survey on acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) systems and beam profile correction techniques in FSO communication systems
  25. Security enhancement of visible light communication system using proposed 2D-WMZCC codes under the effects of eavesdropper
  26. 400 Gb/s free space optical communication (FSOC) system using OAM multiplexing and PDM-QPSK with DSP
  27. Inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) systems challenges and applications: a comprehensive review
  28. Underwater wireless optical communications links: perspectives, challenges and recent trends
  29. A hybrid deep learning using reptile dragonfly search algorithm for reducing the PAPR in OFDM systems
  30. Theory
  31. Design and performance analysis of WDM-FSO communication system using Polarization Shift Keying
  32. Modelling of OFDM modulation technique in HF radio band using MATLAB
  33. Improve cardinality with two-dimensional unipolar (optical) orthogonal codes for multiple access interference
https://doi.org/10.1515/joc-2021-0232
Keywords for this article
de-multiplexers; parametric amplifiers; photonic crystal fibers; regenerators; wavelength converters

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Detectors
  3. Performance investigation of DPMZM based RoF system by employing PIN and APD photodetector
  4. Devices
  5. Analysis of interferometric configuration for optical devices
  6. Fibers
  7. Applications of photonic crystal fibers in optical communication
  8. An accurate but simple method for estimation of the influence of kerr nonlinearity on the far field pattern of LP11 mode in dispersion-shifted and dispersion-flattened fibers
  9. Ambient refractive index sensitivity of long-period fiber grating (LPFG) with reduced cladding thickness using three-layer fiber geometry approach
  10. Research on novel single-mode polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber
  11. Networks
  12. Wavelength division multiplexed radio-over-fiber (WDM-RoF) system for next-generation networks with dispersion compensating fiber
  13. A simple chaotic base encryption scheme for securing OFDM-PON communications
  14. Performance Investigations of Symmetric 80 Gbps TWDM NG-PON2 coexisting with GPON/XG-PON
  15. Investigation of link due to atmospheric turbulence in free space optical communication for optical wireless terrestrial networks
  16. Performance analysis of WDM-ROF network with different receiver filters
  17. Optimization-enabled user pairing algorithm for energy-efficient resource allocation for noma heterogeneous networks
  18. Systems
  19. A comprehensive study on radio over fiber systems: present evaluations and future challenges
  20. Nonlinear effects on WDM optical communication system
  21. Nonlinearity mitigation of self-phase modulation effect in coherent optical system
  22. Performance evaluation of MDM-FSO transmission system for varying atmospheric conditions
  23. Design and performance optimization of 96 x 40 Gbps CSRZ based DWDM long-haul system
  24. Survey on acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) systems and beam profile correction techniques in FSO communication systems
  25. Security enhancement of visible light communication system using proposed 2D-WMZCC codes under the effects of eavesdropper
  26. 400 Gb/s free space optical communication (FSOC) system using OAM multiplexing and PDM-QPSK with DSP
  27. Inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) systems challenges and applications: a comprehensive review
  28. Underwater wireless optical communications links: perspectives, challenges and recent trends
  29. A hybrid deep learning using reptile dragonfly search algorithm for reducing the PAPR in OFDM systems
  30. Theory
  31. Design and performance analysis of WDM-FSO communication system using Polarization Shift Keying
  32. Modelling of OFDM modulation technique in HF radio band using MATLAB
  33. Improve cardinality with two-dimensional unipolar (optical) orthogonal codes for multiple access interference
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 11.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/joc-2021-0232/html
Scroll to top button