Bacterial endosymbiont inhabiting Leucaena leucocephala leaves and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential

Sridevi Chigurupati; Shantini Vijayabalan; Kesavanarayanan Krishnan Selvarajan; Ahmad Alhowail; Fatema Kauser

doi:10.1515/jcim-2020-0203

Article

Bacterial endosymbiont inhabiting Leucaena leucocephala leaves and their antioxidant and antidiabetic potential

Sridevi Chigurupati , Shantini Vijayabalan , Kesavanarayanan Krishnan Selvarajan , Ahmad Alhowail and Fatema Kauser

Published/Copyright: December 22, 2020

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From the journal Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Volume 18 Issue 2

Abstract

Objectives

Research on endosymbionts is emerging globally and is considered as a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals. The present study examines the antioxidant and antidiabetic of the endophytic crude extract isolated from Leucaena leucocephala leaves.

Methods

Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves of L. leucocephala and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to establish their identity. The in vitro antioxidant effect of endophytic crude extract (LL) was evaluated using 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging methods. The in vitro antidiabetic properties of LL were evaluated using α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay.

Results

The isolated endophytic bacteria were identified as Cronobacter sakazakii. LL displayed potent free radical scavenging effect against ABTS and DPPH radicals with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC₅₀) value of 17.49 ± 0.06 and 11.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively. LL exhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of 23.3 ± 0.08 and 23.4 ± 0.1 μg/mL respectively compared to the standard drug (acarbose). Both glucose loaded normoglycemic rats and STZ induced diabetic rats treated with LL (200 mg/kg) exhibited a considerable reduction in blood glucose levels p<0.01 after 8 h of treatment when compared to normal and diabetic control rats respectively.

Conclusions

Thus, the study shows that LL has a wellspring of natural source of antioxidants, and antidiabetic agents and phytoconstituents present in endophytes could be the rich source for bioactive compounds.

Keywords: antidiabetic; antioxidant; Cronobacter sakazakii; endophytes; Leucaena leucocephala

Corresponding author: Sridevi Chigurupati, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah52571, Saudi Arabia, E-mail: sridevi.phd@gmail.com

Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, Qassim University for funding publication of this project.

Research funding: None.
Author contributions: SC: designed the study and wrote the manuscript; SV: collected literature, performed the study; KKS: Analyzed the data; SC, AA, and FK: performed the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic assays.
Competing interests: All the authors ensure that no conflict of interest is present concerning the authorship or any other matters about this manuscript.
Ethical approval: Research involving animals complied with all relevant national regulations and institutional policies (AIMST University Human and Animal Ethical Committee, Malaysia) for the care and use of animals. (AUHAEC13/FOP/2017).

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Received: 2020-06-23

Accepted: 2020-07-28

Published Online: 2020-12-22

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2020-0203

Keywords for this article

antidiabetic; antioxidant; Cronobacter sakazakii; endophytes; Leucaena leucocephala