Factors affecting community pharmacist’s service for women with chronic diseases during pregnancy and breastfeeding: application of the Health Belief Model
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Septi Anggraini
Abstract
Background
Pharmacists are known as health care professionals who are responsible for the safety and efficacy of medicine to achieve optimal therapeutic results. Community pharmacists have an opportunity to provide direct services including giving an active medication information service in women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the practice of community pharmacists for actively giving the drug information service for women with chronic diseases during pregnancy and breastfeeding based on the Health Belief Model.
Methods
About 300 community pharmacists were randomly chosen to participate in the study. All participants were asked to complete questionnaires that were designed based on the theory of the Health Belief Models. The questionnaires measured the community pharmacists’ knowledge, beliefs, cues to action, and practice for actively giving medication information services.
Results
About 267 pharmacists in the community agreed to participate in this study. Nearly 80% of the participants were female pharmacists (n = 213). The results show that pharmacists’ knowledge had significant influences towards perceived threat (p = 0.009), perceived benefit (p = 0.011), and pharmacists’ self-efficacy (p < 0.001). The self-efficacy factor was the most influential factor in the practice of pharmacists to give medication information service actively (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The findings of the study indicate that self-efficacy is the most important factor for pharmacist to be able to provide the medication information services successfully particularly in women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Providing continuous learning programs through seminars and training related to medication use during pregnancy and breastfeeding to pharmacists is needed to optimise the confidence and the ability of pharmacists in providing the services.
Acknowledgment
We thank the Public Health Office of Surabaya for the permission to conduct research at Primary Healthcare Centres in Surabaya. Also, we would like to thank all pharmacists who participated in this study. We thank the Directorate of Higher Degree in Indonesia for funding this study. This paper has been presented at the 8th APPEN Conference and the 2nd HPC Conference on 8-9 October 2019, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Research funding: This study is supported by Directorate of Higher Degree in Indonesia for funding this study through Penelitian Tesis Magister scheme.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.
Ethical approval: Research involving human subjects complied with all relevant national regulations, institutional policies and is in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration (as revised in 2013), and has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga review board (56/EA/KEPK/2019).
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© 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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- Medical problems in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and their therapy
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