Startseite Crustal deformation in East of Cairo, Egypt, induced by rapid urbanization, as seen from remote sensing and GNSS data
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Crustal deformation in East of Cairo, Egypt, induced by rapid urbanization, as seen from remote sensing and GNSS data

  • Ahmed Nabil EMAIL logo , Mohamed El-Ashquer , Mohamed Saleh , Ashraf El-Kutb Mousa und Gamal Saber El-Fiky
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 5. Dezember 2024
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Journal of Applied Geodesy
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Applied Geodesy Band 19 Heft 2

Abstract

The area located East to Cairo, the Capital of Egypt, represents an obvious example for the rapid urban expansion, as it contains many new housing cities. Beside its socio-economic importance, it’s located in the Cairo-Suez seismic zone. We utilized Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) of 2015–2021 Sentinel-1 SAR scenes along with two GNSS stations (KATA and PHLW) to assess the distribution and rates of crustal deformation of this region. The PSI analysis is applied to 140 Sentinel-1 SAR images collected from the ascending track number (58) and the descending track number (167). The Bernese software V. 5.0 is used for the processing of the GNSS data. A good agreement between the rates estimated from the PSI analysis and GNSS data is observed. Based on results, most of the new cities showing land subsidence with variable rates. The rates at Obour, New Cairo, Shorouk, Madinty, and Capital Gardens are 0.54 ± 0.30 mm/year, 0.58 ± 0.30 mm/year, 1.01 ± 0.30 mm/year, 0.58 ± 0.30 mm/year, and 0.99 ± 0.30 mm/year, respectively. The highest recorded subsidence rates are at Asher, Administrative Capital, and Badr with 2.18 ± 0.30 mm/year, 1.89 ± 0.30 mm/year, and 1.69 ± 0.30 mm/year, respectively. Nasr city is the only city with an uplift of 0.82 ± 0.30 mm/year. Our new findings introduce the probable use of integrated techniques such as GNSS and InSAR to evaluate the extent of crustal deformation connected to rapid urbanization in arid areas. Beside tectonic setting, it should be considered while executing mega-projects for sustainable development especially within Egypt’s Vision 2030.

Keywords: crustal deformation; land subsidence; InSAR; GNSS; Cairo-Suez
Corresponding author: Ahmed Nabil, Construction Engineering & Utilities Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, E-mail: 

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express gratitude to the team of National Research Institute of Astronomy & Geophysics (NRIAG) for the field collection of GNSS data. We are also grateful for the European Space Agency (ESA) for its open-access policy to provide Sentinel-1 products. Most of the plots in this paper are generated using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) V. 6.3. The SRTM30 Digital Elevation Model of 30-m resolution is downloaded from GMTSAR website.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: Data collection and Formal analysis, Ahmed Nabil; Methodology, Mohamed Elashquer; Validation, Mohamed Saleh; Writing – original draft, Ahmed Nabil; Final Reviewing, Ashraf Mousa and Gamal El-fiky. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: None declared.

  7. Data availability: 1. InSAR Data: The analyzed datasets are available through the platforms of FRENCH ACCESS TO THE SENTINEL PRODUCTS (cnes peps: https://peps.cnes.fr/rocket/#/search?maxRecords=50&page=1) and/or through NASA EARTH DATA platform (Alaska Satellite Facility ASF: https://search.asf.alaska.edu/#/?zoom=9.127&center=31.124,30.001). 2. GNSS Data: The analyzed data were collected by a team of National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG). The data that support the findings of this study are available from [NRIAG] but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. Data are however available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of [NRIAG]. Two of the authors are members of NRIAG.

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Received: 2024-10-26
Accepted: 2024-11-11
Published Online: 2024-12-05
Published in Print: 2025-04-28

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Research Articles
  3. Locally robust Msplit estimation
  4. Extending geodetic networks for geo-monitoring by supervised point cloud matching
  5. Evaluation and homogenization of a marine gravity database from shipborne and satellite altimetry-derived gravity data over the coastal region of Nigeria
  6. Modelling geoid height errors for local areas based on data of global models
  7. Unmanned aerial vehicle-based aerial survey of mines in Shanxi Province based on image data
  8. Ionospheric TEC and its irregularities over Egypt: a comprehensive study of spatial and temporal variations using GOCE satellite data
  9. Monitoring of volcanic precursors using satellite data: the case of Taftan volcano in Iran
  10. Modeling of temperature deformations on the Dnister HPP dam (Ukraine)
  11. Impact of temporal resolution in global ionospheric models on satellite positioning during low and high solar activity years of solar cycle 24
  12. Comparative performance of PPP software packages in atmospheric delay estimation using GNSS data
  13. Assessment and fitting of high/ultra resolution global geopotential models using GNSS/levelling over Egypt
  14. An efficient ‘P1’ algorithm for dual mixed-integer least-squares problems with scalar real-valued parameters
  15. Spatio-temporal trajectory alignment for trajectory evaluation
  16. Monitoring of networked RTK reference stations for coordinate reference system realization and maintenance – case study of the Czech Republic
  17. Crustal deformation in East of Cairo, Egypt, induced by rapid urbanization, as seen from remote sensing and GNSS data
https://doi.org/10.1515/jag-2024-0094
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
crustal deformation; land subsidence; InSAR; GNSS; Cairo-Suez

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Research Articles
  3. Locally robust Msplit estimation
  4. Extending geodetic networks for geo-monitoring by supervised point cloud matching
  5. Evaluation and homogenization of a marine gravity database from shipborne and satellite altimetry-derived gravity data over the coastal region of Nigeria
  6. Modelling geoid height errors for local areas based on data of global models
  7. Unmanned aerial vehicle-based aerial survey of mines in Shanxi Province based on image data
  8. Ionospheric TEC and its irregularities over Egypt: a comprehensive study of spatial and temporal variations using GOCE satellite data
  9. Monitoring of volcanic precursors using satellite data: the case of Taftan volcano in Iran
  10. Modeling of temperature deformations on the Dnister HPP dam (Ukraine)
  11. Impact of temporal resolution in global ionospheric models on satellite positioning during low and high solar activity years of solar cycle 24
  12. Comparative performance of PPP software packages in atmospheric delay estimation using GNSS data
  13. Assessment and fitting of high/ultra resolution global geopotential models using GNSS/levelling over Egypt
  14. An efficient ‘P1’ algorithm for dual mixed-integer least-squares problems with scalar real-valued parameters
  15. Spatio-temporal trajectory alignment for trajectory evaluation
  16. Monitoring of networked RTK reference stations for coordinate reference system realization and maintenance – case study of the Czech Republic
  17. Crustal deformation in East of Cairo, Egypt, induced by rapid urbanization, as seen from remote sensing and GNSS data
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