Dynamic Characteristics and Speed Control Strategy of Cellulose Hydrolysis Reactor at High Solids Loading
-
Juan Huang
Abstract
This article put emphasis on systematic research and development on cellulose hydrolysis reactor. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic was carried out in a 5-L reactor at high solids loading of corn stover (25%, w/w). The dynamic characteristics of reactive system were examined. The experimental results showed that the lignocellulosic biomass experienced a series of morphology evolution and viscosity variation. This evolution was a typical event caused by solid reactive processing, and it constituted the basis of a new geometrical configuration of reactor (specifically hybrid impeller). The minimum rotational speed of the impeller was proposed based on the Coutte flow analogy and the yield stress concept. The macroscopic performance of the reactor changed significantly with time. In view of this effect, the operating strategy of the impeller was determined.
Acknowledgment
This research was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. WF0913005).
Appendix
Calculation of the minimum rotational speed of the helical ribbon
The transition from partially sheared flow to fully sheared flow in analytical Couette flow occurred when Bi = Bi* (Bingham number), the expressions of the dimensionless number were as follows [24]:
s is diameter ratio of the inner and outer cylinders and equals to de/D; de is the equivalent diameter of the impeller analogous to rotating Couette flow, D is the tank diameter; 
is the yield stress of the fluid, Pa; K is the fluid consistency coefficient, Pa sn; n is the fluid flow behavior index; N is the rotational speed, 1/s.
The equivalent diameter of the helical ribbon can be calculated by the following equation [25]:
Substituting the geometric of the helical ribbon and the rheological parameters into eqs [6–8], the minimum rotational speed N can be obtained.
Nomenclature
| c | the clearance between the impeller and the bottom (m) |
| D | tank diameter (m) |
| d | impeller diameter (m) |
| de | impeller equivalent diameter analogous torotating Coutte flow (m) |
| ds | shaft diameter (m) |
| h | impeller height (m) |
| Ks | Metzner constant (–) |
| K | consistency coefficient (Pa × sn) |
| M | torque (N m) |
| n | fluid flow behavior index |
| N | impeller rotation speed (rpm) |
| P | power consumption (W) |
| s | impeller pitch (m) |
| w | blade width (m) |
| Greek letters | |
| μa | apparent viscosity (Pa × s) |
| τ | shear stress (Pa) |
| τ0 | yield stress (Pa) |
| γ | shear rate (1/s) |
| γa | average shear rate (1/s) |
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