The use of gadgets and their relationship to poor sleep quality and social interaction on mid-adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background
Mid-adolescents dominate the number of gadget users in Indonesia. The use of gadgets to a high intensity can cause various problems such as poor sleep quality and decreased social interaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the intensity of the use of gadgets and the quality of sleep and social interaction in adolescents.
Method
The research design used was a correlational research study with a cross-sectional approach. Through the calculation of the sample, the respondents were 250 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria, namely (1) adolescents aged 15–18 years and (2) teens who owned and used gadgets. The sampling method used simple random sampling by conducting a lottery system in each class. The independent variable was the intensity of using the gadget, while the dependent variable was the quality of sleep and social interaction. Data collection focused on the intensity of gadget use using questionnaires and it was analyzed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). The data was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation with α = 0.05.
Results
The results showed that the intensity of gadget use was positively related to poor sleep quality in adolescents (p = <0.001; r = 0.555). The intensity of the use of gadgets was also related to social interaction with a negative direction. The higher the intensity of the use of gadgets, the lower the social interaction in adolescents (p = 0.001; r = –293).
Conclusion
The use of gadgets in the mid-adolescent years is related to sleep disorders as regards the latency and duration of sleep. Adolescents are more likely to engage in social interaction and communication through gadgets than face to face.
References
[1] Ministry of Communication and Informatics. Communication and Information Research and UNICEF Concerning Child and Youth Behavior in Using the Internet. 2014 [cited 2018 Apr 7]. Available from: https://kominfo.go.id/index.php/content/detail/3834/Siaran+Pers+No.+17-PIH-KOMINFO-22014+tentang+Riset+Kominfo+dan+UNICEF+Mengenai+Perilaku+An;ak+dan+Remaja+Dalam+Menggunakan+Internet+/0/siaran_pers.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] APJII. Survei Internet APJII 2017. 2018 [cited 2018 Mar 11]. Available from: https://apjii.or.id/content/read/39/264/Survei-Internet-APJII-2017.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] Hapuarachige C, Fakunle I, Ahmed HI, Sparrow S, Hasan S, Alsaad L, et al. The effects of electronic device use on the sleep quality of health science students in the United Arab Emirates. Gulf Med J. 2014;3(2):6–15.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Cain N, Gradisar M. Electronic media use and sleep in school-aged children and adolescents: a review. Sleep Med. 2010;11(8):735–42.10.1016/j.sleep.2010.02.006Suche in Google Scholar
[5] Levenson JC, Shensa A, Sidani JE, Colditz JB, Primack BA. The association between social media use and sleep disturbance among young adults. Prev Med (Baltim). 2016;85:36–41.10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.001Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Xie X, Dong Y, Wang J. Sleep quality as a mediator of problematic smartphone use and clinical health symptoms. J Behav Addict. 2018;7(2):466–72.10.1556/2006.7.2018.40Suche in Google Scholar
[7] Suhana M. Influence of gadget usage on children’s social-emotional development. Adv Soc Sci Educ Humanit Res. 2018;169(Icece 2017):224–7.10.2991/icece-17.2018.58Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Elsobeihi MM, Naser SSA. Effects of mobile technology on human relationships effects of mobile technology on human relationships. Int J Eng Inf Syst. 2017;1(5):110–25.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Endri D. Hubungan Penggunaan Smartphone dengan Interaksi Sosial Anak Usia Sekolah di SDN Jember Lor 1 Kabupaten Jember. University of Jember; 2017.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index : a new instrument psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193–219.10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4Suche in Google Scholar
[11] Idrus F, Lisal ST, Ganda IJ, Jumiarni. Comparison of sleep quality by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale in anxiety disorder patients using long-term and short-term benzodiazepines therapy. Int J Clin Psychiatry 2018;6(1):19–25.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] Mattick RP, Clarke JC. Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behav Res Ther. 1998;36:455–70.10.1016/S0005-7967(97)10031-6Suche in Google Scholar
[13] Rahmawati S, Yusainy C, Nurwanti R. Selfie: Peranan Jenis Komentar Terhadap Hubungan Antara Kecemasan Sosial dan Perilaku Agresif Pelaku Selfie. University of Brawijaya; 2014.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Zhang L, Samet J, Caffo B, Punjabi NM. Cigarette smoking and nocturnal sleep architecture. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(6):529–37.10.1093/aje/kwj231Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[15] Potter PA, Perry A. Buku Ajar Fundamental Keperawatan : Konsep, Proses, dan Praktik. Edisi 4. Jakarta: EGC; 2005.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Woods HC, Scott H. #Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. J Adolesc. 2016;51:41–9.10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.05.008Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[17] Exelmans L, Van den Bulck J. Bedtime mobile phone use and sleep in adults. Soc Sci Med. 2016;148:93–101.10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.037Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[18] Munezawa T, Kaneita Y, Osaki Y, Kanda H, Minowa M, Suzuki K. The association between use of mobile phones after lights out and sleep disturbances among japanese adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Sleep. 2011;34(8):1013–20.10.5665/SLEEP.1152Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[19] Agustin D. Factors affecting sleep quality at shift workers at Pt Krakatau Tirta sleeping on shift workers. University of Indonesia; 2012.Suche in Google Scholar
[20] Ioachimescu OC. Contemporary sleep medicine for patients. Oak Park, IL: Bentham; 2011.10.2174/97816080526771110101Suche in Google Scholar
[21] Wong MM, Brower KJ, Craun EA. Insomnia symptoms and suicidality in the National Comorbidity Survey Survey – adolescent supplement. J Psychiatr Res. 2017;81(October):1–8.10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.06.004Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
[22] Liu Q-Q, Zhou Z-K, Yang X-J, Kong F-C, Niu G-F, Fan C-Y. Mobile phone addiction and sleep quality among Chinese adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Comput Human Behav. 2017;72:108–14.10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.042Suche in Google Scholar
[23] Robby A, Chaidir D, Rahayu U. Kualitas tidur pasien praoperasi di ruang rawat inap. J Kesehat Komunitas Indones. 2015;11(02):1144.Suche in Google Scholar
[24] Irawan J, Armayati L. The effect of use of gadgets on the ability to socialize in adolescents. An-Nafs. 2013;08(02):29–38.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Necessity for redesigning premarital counseling classes based on marriage readiness from the perspective of adolescents and specialists: a need assessment based on the Bourich model and quadrant analysis
- Knowledge and attitude of Egyptian parents toward childhood mental disorders
- The association of resilience with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescent students
- Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study
- Rethinking early childbearing in Indonesia: is it preceded by a premarital first birth?
- Effectiveness of different methods of health education on knowledge and attitude regarding palliative care among college students in urban Puducherry: a pre-post intervention study
- Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey
- Effect of acupressure on post tonsillectomy pain in adolescents: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial study
- Perceived stress and coping strategies among undergraduate dental students – an institutional based study
- Effects of carrying school bags on cervical and shoulder posture in static and dynamic conditions in adolescent students
- Validation of the Arabic version of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale in Tunisian adolescents
- Determining predictors of change in sugar sweetened beverage consumption behaviour among university students in India
- Association between menstrual disorders and school absenteeism among schoolgirls in South Egypt
- The association between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizure
- Experience of bullying among Bhutanese college students: implications for teacher formation programmes
- Does an association exist between socio-economic status and subjective physical, mental and social well-being among early adolescents?
- The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the mental health of students with an emotional breakdown
- Sleep quality and its effect on event related potential P300 in adolescents with and without sleep disturbances
- The effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy on anxiety and resilience in students
- The use of gadgets and their relationship to poor sleep quality and social interaction on mid-adolescents: a cross-sectional study
- Knowledge and attitude regarding reproductive and sexual health among school teachers: a descriptive survey
- Inadequate awareness of cervical cancer and its prevention among young women of Delhi, India: public health policy implications
- Prevalence and risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among an ethnically diverse overweight/obese adolescent population
- Comparison of the effect of self-care education in a disaster with two student-centered and family-centered approaches to self-care in students
- The effect of life skills training with health literacy strategies on self-esteem and self-efficacy in female students during puberty
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Necessity for redesigning premarital counseling classes based on marriage readiness from the perspective of adolescents and specialists: a need assessment based on the Bourich model and quadrant analysis
- Knowledge and attitude of Egyptian parents toward childhood mental disorders
- The association of resilience with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescent students
- Self-esteem and motivation with adherence of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Indonesia with antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study
- Rethinking early childbearing in Indonesia: is it preceded by a premarital first birth?
- Effectiveness of different methods of health education on knowledge and attitude regarding palliative care among college students in urban Puducherry: a pre-post intervention study
- Prevalence and correlates of being bullied among adolescents in Indonesia: results from the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey
- Effect of acupressure on post tonsillectomy pain in adolescents: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial study
- Perceived stress and coping strategies among undergraduate dental students – an institutional based study
- Effects of carrying school bags on cervical and shoulder posture in static and dynamic conditions in adolescent students
- Validation of the Arabic version of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale in Tunisian adolescents
- Determining predictors of change in sugar sweetened beverage consumption behaviour among university students in India
- Association between menstrual disorders and school absenteeism among schoolgirls in South Egypt
- The association between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizure
- Experience of bullying among Bhutanese college students: implications for teacher formation programmes
- Does an association exist between socio-economic status and subjective physical, mental and social well-being among early adolescents?
- The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on the mental health of students with an emotional breakdown
- Sleep quality and its effect on event related potential P300 in adolescents with and without sleep disturbances
- The effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy on anxiety and resilience in students
- The use of gadgets and their relationship to poor sleep quality and social interaction on mid-adolescents: a cross-sectional study
- Knowledge and attitude regarding reproductive and sexual health among school teachers: a descriptive survey
- Inadequate awareness of cervical cancer and its prevention among young women of Delhi, India: public health policy implications
- Prevalence and risk factors of polycystic ovarian syndrome among an ethnically diverse overweight/obese adolescent population
- Comparison of the effect of self-care education in a disaster with two student-centered and family-centered approaches to self-care in students
- The effect of life skills training with health literacy strategies on self-esteem and self-efficacy in female students during puberty