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Socio-demographic differentials of cognitive development and nutrition among school children: evidence from the tribal areas of Jharkhand, India

  • Anit Kujur , Dewesh Kumar EMAIL logo , Chandramani Kumar , Rishabh Kumar Rana ORCID logo and Vivek Kashyap
Published/Copyright: May 1, 2020

Abstract

Background

This study attempts to assess the differentials of cognitive development and nutrition of school children in tribal areas of Jharkhand, India.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 16 schools of Jharkhand amongst 962 children during the period of November to December 2017. Anthropometry, hemoglobin and IQ tests were assessed along-with their socio-demographic characteristics using standard procedures after obtaining their guardian’s consent. Various tests of significance were used such as an independent sample t-test and Fisher’s exact test along with multinomial logistic regression for determination of predictors for low-normal to borderline IQ among school children.

Results

Stunting and thinness were noted in 38% and 35% children, respectively, whereas anemia and low IQ were observed in more than 4/5th of the total children assessed. Anemia was more common in children >12 years of age and IQ was lower in tribal ethnic children (p < 0.05) amongst socio-demographic characteristics. Among the predictors, only tribal ethnicity appeared to be associated with low IQ [odds ratio (OR)-1.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) – 1.25, 2.75].

Conclusion

Despite various nutrition-related programs being run in government schools, the malnutrition and hemoglobin status of the children presents a poor picture. Cognitive development of children particularly tribal children is unsatisfactory and needs to be worked upon by government agencies.

Acknowledgement

Sincere thanks to NDDB, India, Grant Number: BE 153092 for their support.

  1. Conflict of interest: None

References

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Received: 2018-09-20
Accepted: 2019-04-16
Published Online: 2020-05-01

© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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