Startseite Sphingomyelin breakdown in T cells: role in activation, effector functions and immunoregulation
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Sphingomyelin breakdown in T cells: role in activation, effector functions and immunoregulation

  • Niklas Beyersdorf EMAIL logo und Nora Müller EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. März 2015
Biological Chemistry
Aus der Zeitschrift Biological Chemistry Band 396 Heft 6-7

Abstract

Host T cell activation, a key step in obtaining adaptive immunity against pathogens, is initiated by the binding of the T cell receptor to a foreign antigenic peptide presented by the major histocompatibility complex on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell and, consequently, formation of an immunological synapse. Within the immunological synapse, the engagement of the T cell receptor in cooperation with simultaneous ligation of co-stimulatory molecules induces a precisely organized cascade of signaling events and pathways that regulate clonal expansion and differentiation of naïve T cells into effector T cells contributing to pathogen clearance. The biochemical changes that underlie T cell activation and differentiation, however, not only involve proteins but also lipids. In particular, catabolic cleavage of sphingomyelin generating ceramide can substantially influence functional responses in cells of the immune system. Changes in sphingomyelin and ceramide content have been reported to directly impact on membrane physiology, thus modifying signal transmission and interfering with diverse aspects of T cell activity. In this review we will focus on sphingomyelin breakdown/ceramide generation in T cells with regard to their function and development of T cell-mediated immunity.

Keywords: ceramide; sphingomyelin; T cells
Corresponding authors: Niklas Beyersdorf and Nora Müller, Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 7, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany, e-mail: ;

Acknowledgments

We thank Th. Kerkau, S. Schneider-Schaulies, J. Schneider-Schaulies and E. Avota for helpful discussions and critical reading of this manuscript and the Research Unit 2123 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support.

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Received: 2014-12-9
Accepted: 2015-3-3
Published Online: 2015-3-9
Published in Print: 2015-6-1

©2015 by De Gruyter

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Guest Editorial
  3. Highlight: Molecular Medicine of Sphingolipids
  4. HIGHLIGHT: MOLECULAR MEDICINE OF SPHINGOLIPIDS
  5. The role of serum amyloid A and sphingosine-1-phosphate on high-density lipoprotein functionality
  6. Sphingolipids in viral infection
  7. Tackling the biophysical properties of sphingolipids to decipher their biological roles
  8. Ceramide and sphingosine in pulmonary infections
  9. Molecular mechanisms of erythrocyte aging
  10. Sphingolipids in liver injury, repair and regeneration
  11. Ultrasound-stimulated microbubble enhancement of radiation response
  12. Innate immune responses in the brain of sphingolipid lysosomal storage diseases
  13. Novel mechanisms of action of classical chemotherapeutic agents on sphingolipid pathways
  14. The role of sphingolipids in endothelial barrier function
  15. The effect of altered sphingolipid acyl chain length on various disease models
  16. Secretory sphingomyelinase in health and disease
  17. Preclinical development of a C6-ceramide NanoLiposome, a novel sphingolipid therapeutic
  18. Sphingomyelin breakdown in T cells: role in activation, effector functions and immunoregulation
  19. The molecular medicine of acid ceramidase
  20. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study sphingolipid signaling
  21. S1PR4 is required for plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation
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  26. Obituary
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https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2014-0282
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
ceramide; sphingomyelin; T cells

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Guest Editorial
  3. Highlight: Molecular Medicine of Sphingolipids
  4. HIGHLIGHT: MOLECULAR MEDICINE OF SPHINGOLIPIDS
  5. The role of serum amyloid A and sphingosine-1-phosphate on high-density lipoprotein functionality
  6. Sphingolipids in viral infection
  7. Tackling the biophysical properties of sphingolipids to decipher their biological roles
  8. Ceramide and sphingosine in pulmonary infections
  9. Molecular mechanisms of erythrocyte aging
  10. Sphingolipids in liver injury, repair and regeneration
  11. Ultrasound-stimulated microbubble enhancement of radiation response
  12. Innate immune responses in the brain of sphingolipid lysosomal storage diseases
  13. Novel mechanisms of action of classical chemotherapeutic agents on sphingolipid pathways
  14. The role of sphingolipids in endothelial barrier function
  15. The effect of altered sphingolipid acyl chain length on various disease models
  16. Secretory sphingomyelinase in health and disease
  17. Preclinical development of a C6-ceramide NanoLiposome, a novel sphingolipid therapeutic
  18. Sphingomyelin breakdown in T cells: role in activation, effector functions and immunoregulation
  19. The molecular medicine of acid ceramidase
  20. Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to study sphingolipid signaling
  21. S1PR4 is required for plasmacytoid dendritic cell differentiation
  22. Antinociceptive effects of FTY720 during trauma-induced neuropathic pain are mediated by spinal S1P receptors
  23. Subcellular distribution of FTY720 and FTY720-phosphate in immune cells – another aspect of Fingolimod action relevant for therapeutic application
  24. Downregulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 by dexamethasone inhibits S1P-induced mesangial cell migration
  25. Sphingosine kinase 2 deficiency increases proliferation and migration of renal mouse mesangial cells and fibroblasts
  26. Obituary
  27. The life and work of Dr. Robert Bittman (1942–2014)
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Heruntergeladen am 21.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/hsz-2014-0282/html
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