Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Family Genes: When Did the Three Genes Phylogenetically Segregate?
-
M. Shibuya
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor family in mammals contains three members, VEGFR1(Flt-1), VEGFR2(KDR/Flk-1) and VEGFR3 (Flt-4), which directly regulate the formation of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These two circular systems are essential for the supply of O2 and nutrients to all tissues of the body as well as the drainage of excess fluids with waste metabolites from peripheral tissues. VEGF receptors have a characteristic structure with 7 Iglike domains in the extracellular domain and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain with a long kinase insert region. Recently, some novel findings on the phylogenetical conservation of VEGF receptor genes in animals were reported: the conservation of the VEGFR1/solubleVEGFR1 gene in birds, and the conservation of the VEGFRPDGFRlike receptor gene in nonvertebrates. Based on this new information as well as established observations, here the possibility is discussed that the three VEGFR genes phylogenetically segregated not at once when the vertebrates established, but in a stepwise manner: two genes first (the VEGFR1/R2 progenitor and the VEGFR3 gene), and subsequently the three genes VEGFR1, R2 and R3.
Copyright © 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Biological Chemistry 125th Anniversary
- Kai Simons Felix Hoppe-Seyler Lecturer 2002
- Lipid Rafts in Protein Sorting and Cell Polarity in Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Paper of the Year 2001
- RNA-Mediated RNA Degradation in Transgene- and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing
- Immunopharmacology of CpG DNA
- Induction and Regulation of Endogenous Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Formation
- In the Cellular Garden of Forking Paths: How p38 MAPKs Signal for Downstream Assistance
- The Human Steroid Hydroxylases CYP11B1 and CYP11B2
- Rate-Limiting Steps in Cytochrome P450 Catalysis
- YidC, a Newly Defined Evolutionarily Conserved Protein, Mediates Membrane Protein Assembly in Bacteria
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Family Genes: When Did the Three Genes Phylogenetically Segregate?
- The TNFTNF Receptor System
- Fast Regulation of Cytochrome P450 Activities by Phosphorylation and Consequences for Drug Metabolism and Toxicity
- Protein Transduction: A Novel Tool for Tissue Regeneration
- NF-κB A Potential Therapeutic Target for Inhibition of Human Cytomegalovirus (Re)activation?
- Three-State Equilibrium of Escherichia coli Trigger Factor
- Binding of a C-Terminal Fragment (Residues 369 to 435) of Vitamin D-Binding Protein to Actin
- The Hyaluronan-Binding Serine Protease from Human Plasma Cleaves HMW and LMW Kininogen and Releases Bradykinin
- Jasmonate-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Barley Leaves Initiated by Distinct 13-LOX Forms of Chloroplasts
- Real-Time Determination of Telomerase Activity in Cell Extracts Using an Optical Biosensor
- Study of Chaperone-Like Activity of Human Haptoglobin: Conformational Changes under Heat Shock Conditions and Localization of Interaction Sites
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Biological Chemistry 125th Anniversary
- Kai Simons Felix Hoppe-Seyler Lecturer 2002
- Lipid Rafts in Protein Sorting and Cell Polarity in Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Paper of the Year 2001
- RNA-Mediated RNA Degradation in Transgene- and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing
- Immunopharmacology of CpG DNA
- Induction and Regulation of Endogenous Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Formation
- In the Cellular Garden of Forking Paths: How p38 MAPKs Signal for Downstream Assistance
- The Human Steroid Hydroxylases CYP11B1 and CYP11B2
- Rate-Limiting Steps in Cytochrome P450 Catalysis
- YidC, a Newly Defined Evolutionarily Conserved Protein, Mediates Membrane Protein Assembly in Bacteria
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Family Genes: When Did the Three Genes Phylogenetically Segregate?
- The TNFTNF Receptor System
- Fast Regulation of Cytochrome P450 Activities by Phosphorylation and Consequences for Drug Metabolism and Toxicity
- Protein Transduction: A Novel Tool for Tissue Regeneration
- NF-κB A Potential Therapeutic Target for Inhibition of Human Cytomegalovirus (Re)activation?
- Three-State Equilibrium of Escherichia coli Trigger Factor
- Binding of a C-Terminal Fragment (Residues 369 to 435) of Vitamin D-Binding Protein to Actin
- The Hyaluronan-Binding Serine Protease from Human Plasma Cleaves HMW and LMW Kininogen and Releases Bradykinin
- Jasmonate-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Barley Leaves Initiated by Distinct 13-LOX Forms of Chloroplasts
- Real-Time Determination of Telomerase Activity in Cell Extracts Using an Optical Biosensor
- Study of Chaperone-Like Activity of Human Haptoglobin: Conformational Changes under Heat Shock Conditions and Localization of Interaction Sites
