The Hyaluronan-Binding Serine Protease from Human Plasma Cleaves HMW and LMW Kininogen and Releases Bradykinin
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M. Etscheid
Abstract
The influence of the hyaluronanbinding protease (PHBSP), a plasma enzyme with FVII and prourokinase activating potency, on components of the contact phase (kallikrein/kinin) system was investigated. No activation or cleavage of the proenzymes involved in the contact phase system was observed. The procofactor high molecular weight kininogen (HK), however, was cleaved in vitro by PHBSP in the absence of any charged surface, releasing the activated cofactor and the vasoactive nonapeptide bradykinin. Glycosoaminoglycans strongly enhanced the reaction. The cleavage was comparable to that of plasma kallikrein, but clearly different from that of coagulation factor FXIa. Upon extended incubation with PHBSP, the light chain was further processed, partially removing about 60 amino acid residues from the Nterminus of domain D5 of the light chain. These cleavage site(s) were distinct from plasma kallikrein or FXIa cleavage sites. PHBSP and, more interestingly, also plasma kallikrein could cleave low molecular weight kininogen in vitro, indicating that domains D5H and D6H are no prerequisite for kininogen cleavage. PHBSP was also able to release bradykinin from HK in plasma where the procofactor circulates predominantly in complex with plasma kallikrein or FXI. In conclusion, PHBSP represents a novel kininogencleaving and bradykininreleasing enzyme in plasma that shares significant catalytic similarities with plasma kallikrein. Since they are structurally unrelated in their heavy chains (propeptide), their similar in vivo catalytic activities might be directed at distinct sites where PHBSP could induce processes that are related to the kallikrein/kinin system.
Copyright © 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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- Immunopharmacology of CpG DNA
- Induction and Regulation of Endogenous Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Formation
- In the Cellular Garden of Forking Paths: How p38 MAPKs Signal for Downstream Assistance
- The Human Steroid Hydroxylases CYP11B1 and CYP11B2
- Rate-Limiting Steps in Cytochrome P450 Catalysis
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