Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Family Genes: When Did the Three Genes Phylogenetically Segregate?
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M. Shibuya
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor family in mammals contains three members, VEGFR1(Flt-1), VEGFR2(KDR/Flk-1) and VEGFR3 (Flt-4), which directly regulate the formation of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. These two circular systems are essential for the supply of O2 and nutrients to all tissues of the body as well as the drainage of excess fluids with waste metabolites from peripheral tissues. VEGF receptors have a characteristic structure with 7 Iglike domains in the extracellular domain and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain with a long kinase insert region. Recently, some novel findings on the phylogenetical conservation of VEGF receptor genes in animals were reported: the conservation of the VEGFR1/solubleVEGFR1 gene in birds, and the conservation of the VEGFRPDGFRlike receptor gene in nonvertebrates. Based on this new information as well as established observations, here the possibility is discussed that the three VEGFR genes phylogenetically segregated not at once when the vertebrates established, but in a stepwise manner: two genes first (the VEGFR1/R2 progenitor and the VEGFR3 gene), and subsequently the three genes VEGFR1, R2 and R3.
Copyright © 2002 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
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Articles in the same Issue
- Biological Chemistry 125th Anniversary
- Kai Simons Felix Hoppe-Seyler Lecturer 2002
- Lipid Rafts in Protein Sorting and Cell Polarity in Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Paper of the Year 2001
- RNA-Mediated RNA Degradation in Transgene- and Virus-Induced Gene Silencing
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