Chapter 1 An introduction to biorational pest control agents
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Sonu Kumar Mahawer
Abstract
Pesticides are categorized into different types according to their toxicity and environmental impacts. “Biorational” pesticides are pest control agents that are comparatively safe for humans and have a less negative impact on the environment. The classes of biorational pesticides comprise botanicals, microbial, minerals, and synthetic materials. Botanical pesticides are plant-derived materials, for example, rotenone, pyrethrum, sabadilla, and ryania. Microbial pesticides are prepared from microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and protozoan or their by-products. Bacillus thuringiensis is a well-known microbial insecticide. Some mineral biorational pesticides are also there such as sulfur for the control of foliar diseases. Some lowtoxic synthetics are also included in biorational pesticides such as soaps or fatty acids of potassium salts. They mostly have a more specified mechanism of action with a smaller target range of pests. Instead of entirely eliminating a particular insect, this new family of pesticides frequently aims to reduce its number to a controllable level. These chemicals offer a great deal of potential for replacing persistent conventional pesticides, demonstrating an excellent cost-benefit ratio, addressing environmental consequences, and maintaining food security in a secure environment.
Abstract
Pesticides are categorized into different types according to their toxicity and environmental impacts. “Biorational” pesticides are pest control agents that are comparatively safe for humans and have a less negative impact on the environment. The classes of biorational pesticides comprise botanicals, microbial, minerals, and synthetic materials. Botanical pesticides are plant-derived materials, for example, rotenone, pyrethrum, sabadilla, and ryania. Microbial pesticides are prepared from microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and protozoan or their by-products. Bacillus thuringiensis is a well-known microbial insecticide. Some mineral biorational pesticides are also there such as sulfur for the control of foliar diseases. Some lowtoxic synthetics are also included in biorational pesticides such as soaps or fatty acids of potassium salts. They mostly have a more specified mechanism of action with a smaller target range of pests. Instead of entirely eliminating a particular insect, this new family of pesticides frequently aims to reduce its number to a controllable level. These chemicals offer a great deal of potential for replacing persistent conventional pesticides, demonstrating an excellent cost-benefit ratio, addressing environmental consequences, and maintaining food security in a secure environment.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- List of contributing authors IX
- Chapter 1 An introduction to biorational pest control agents 1
- Chapter 2 Global current scenario and future prospectus of biorationals 23
- Chapter 3 Biorational pest management: potentials, unintended consequences, and future concerns 47
- Chapter 4 Role of insect growth regulators in insect/pest control 77
- Chapter 5 Chemistry of sex pheromones and their role in integrated pest management 95
- Chapter 6 Semiochemicals and other insect communication signals for controlling insect pest 107
- Chapter 7 Role of phytoalexins in plant disease resistance 127
- Chapter 8 Microbial pesticides for plant protection 141
- Chapter 9 Entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents 181
- Chapter 10 Pesticides of plant origin: botanicals 199
- Chapter 11 Plant essential oils: a source of eco-friendly pesticides 221
- Chapter 12 Plant oleoresins as source of environment-friendly pesticides 237
- Chapter 13 The rise of plant-based nematicides: a sustainable solution for crop protection 261
- Chapter 14 Biorationals: global situation and future possibilities 281
- Chapter 15 Microbial production of amino acids and peptides 295
- Chapter 16 Essential oils as biorational insecticides 335
- Chapter 17 Bioherbicides for integrated weed management 355
- Chapter 18 Dilemma hovers over the rationality of biorational insecticides: their unintended effects and consequences 373
- Index 401
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Contents V
- List of contributing authors IX
- Chapter 1 An introduction to biorational pest control agents 1
- Chapter 2 Global current scenario and future prospectus of biorationals 23
- Chapter 3 Biorational pest management: potentials, unintended consequences, and future concerns 47
- Chapter 4 Role of insect growth regulators in insect/pest control 77
- Chapter 5 Chemistry of sex pheromones and their role in integrated pest management 95
- Chapter 6 Semiochemicals and other insect communication signals for controlling insect pest 107
- Chapter 7 Role of phytoalexins in plant disease resistance 127
- Chapter 8 Microbial pesticides for plant protection 141
- Chapter 9 Entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents 181
- Chapter 10 Pesticides of plant origin: botanicals 199
- Chapter 11 Plant essential oils: a source of eco-friendly pesticides 221
- Chapter 12 Plant oleoresins as source of environment-friendly pesticides 237
- Chapter 13 The rise of plant-based nematicides: a sustainable solution for crop protection 261
- Chapter 14 Biorationals: global situation and future possibilities 281
- Chapter 15 Microbial production of amino acids and peptides 295
- Chapter 16 Essential oils as biorational insecticides 335
- Chapter 17 Bioherbicides for integrated weed management 355
- Chapter 18 Dilemma hovers over the rationality of biorational insecticides: their unintended effects and consequences 373
- Index 401
