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Chapter 3 Sources of PFAS in the environment

  • Cheng Fang , Olalekan Simon Awoyemi und Ravi Naidu
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Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances
Ein Kapitel aus dem Buch Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances

Abstract

The presence and persistence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment have sparked considerable apprehension concerning their potential adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. This chapter examines the current state of knowledge regarding PFAS sources, highlighting the complexity and diversity of their origins. While significant progress has been made in identifying key sources, current detection methods may only be revealing the tip of the iceberg. With advancements in analytical techniques, such as total oxidizable precursors (TOP) assay, organic fluorine analysis, and nontarget analysis, the expectation is that a broader range of sources will be identified, providing a more comprehensive understanding of PFAS distribution and environmental impact. Additionally, the application of modeling and artificial intelligence (AI) in identifying PFAS sources offers promising avenues for enhancing our understanding of PFAS contamination pathways and sources. This improved understanding will be crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the spread of PFAS, protect human health, and remediate the contaminated environments.

Abstract

The presence and persistence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment have sparked considerable apprehension concerning their potential adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. This chapter examines the current state of knowledge regarding PFAS sources, highlighting the complexity and diversity of their origins. While significant progress has been made in identifying key sources, current detection methods may only be revealing the tip of the iceberg. With advancements in analytical techniques, such as total oxidizable precursors (TOP) assay, organic fluorine analysis, and nontarget analysis, the expectation is that a broader range of sources will be identified, providing a more comprehensive understanding of PFAS distribution and environmental impact. Additionally, the application of modeling and artificial intelligence (AI) in identifying PFAS sources offers promising avenues for enhancing our understanding of PFAS contamination pathways and sources. This improved understanding will be crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate the spread of PFAS, protect human health, and remediate the contaminated environments.

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Foreword VII
  3. Preface IX
  4. Contents XI
  5. List of contributors XIII
  6. Chapter 1 Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: issues and challenges 1
  7. Chapter 2 PFAS: an overview of their physicochemical properties and implications 13
  8. Chapter 3 Sources of PFAS in the environment 61
  9. Chapter 4 Occurrence, nature, and extent of PFAS contamination in the environment 83
  10. Chapter 5 Analytical techniques for perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) 143
  11. Chapter 6 Nontarget screening approaches for PFAS and their applications on contaminated sites 169
  12. Chapter 7 Dynamic transport, sorption, and desorption of PFAS in water-saturated and unsaturated soils 201
  13. Chapter 8 From contamination to clarity: evaluating the role of groundwater modeling in managing and remediating PFAS plumes 319
  14. Chapter 9 Assessment of environmental risk 337
  15. Chapter 10 Biomonitoring and health effects of PFAS exposure 399
  16. Chapter 11 Bioaccumulation of legacy and novel PFAS in the environment 495
  17. Chapter 12 Toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in plants and microbes 519
  18. Chapter 13 PFAS treatment and remediation 567
  19. Chapter 14 A zero PFAS future: transitioning away from forever chemicals 599
  20. Chapter 15 Regulatory perspectives on PFAS 615
  21. Index 631
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110796797-003

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Foreword VII
  3. Preface IX
  4. Contents XI
  5. List of contributors XIII
  6. Chapter 1 Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the environment: issues and challenges 1
  7. Chapter 2 PFAS: an overview of their physicochemical properties and implications 13
  8. Chapter 3 Sources of PFAS in the environment 61
  9. Chapter 4 Occurrence, nature, and extent of PFAS contamination in the environment 83
  10. Chapter 5 Analytical techniques for perand polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) 143
  11. Chapter 6 Nontarget screening approaches for PFAS and their applications on contaminated sites 169
  12. Chapter 7 Dynamic transport, sorption, and desorption of PFAS in water-saturated and unsaturated soils 201
  13. Chapter 8 From contamination to clarity: evaluating the role of groundwater modeling in managing and remediating PFAS plumes 319
  14. Chapter 9 Assessment of environmental risk 337
  15. Chapter 10 Biomonitoring and health effects of PFAS exposure 399
  16. Chapter 11 Bioaccumulation of legacy and novel PFAS in the environment 495
  17. Chapter 12 Toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in plants and microbes 519
  18. Chapter 13 PFAS treatment and remediation 567
  19. Chapter 14 A zero PFAS future: transitioning away from forever chemicals 599
  20. Chapter 15 Regulatory perspectives on PFAS 615
  21. Index 631
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Heruntergeladen am 4.11.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110796797-003/html
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