The game of flipping coins
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Anthony Bonato
Abstract
We consider flipping coins, a partizan version of the impartial game turning turtles, played on lines of coins. We show that the values of this game are numbers, and these are found by first applying a reduction, then decomposing the position into an iterated ordinal sum. This is unusual since moves in the middle of the line do not eliminate the rest of the line. Moreover, if G is decomposed into lines H and K, then G = (H : KR). This is in contrast to hackenbush strings, where G = (H : K).
Abstract
We consider flipping coins, a partizan version of the impartial game turning turtles, played on lines of coins. We show that the values of this game are numbers, and these are found by first applying a reduction, then decomposing the position into an iterated ordinal sum. This is unusual since moves in the middle of the line do not eliminate the rest of the line. Moreover, if G is decomposed into lines H and K, then G = (H : KR). This is in contrast to hackenbush strings, where G = (H : K).
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents XIII
- The game of flipping coins 1
- The game of blocking pebbles 17
- Transverse Wave: an impartial color-propagation game inspired by social influence and Quantum Nim 39
- A note on numbers 67
- Ordinal sums, clockwise hackenbush, and domino shave 77
- Advances in finding ideal play on poset games 99
- Strings-and-Coins and Nimstring are PSPACE-complete 109
- Partizan subtraction games 121
- Circular Nim games CN(7, 4) 139
- Misère domineering on 2 × n boards 157
- Relator games on groups 171
- Playing Bynum’s game cautiously 201
- Genetically modified games 229
- Game values of arithmetic functions 245
- A base-p Sprague–Grundy-type theorem for p-calm subtraction games: Welter’s game and representations of generalized symmetric groups 281
- Recursive comparison tests for dicot and dead-ending games under misère play 309
- Impartial games with entailing moves 323
- Extended Sprague–Grundy theory for locally finite games, and applications to random game-trees 343
- Grundy numbers of impartial three-dimensional chocolate-bar games 367
- On the structure of misère impartial games 389
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Contents XIII
- The game of flipping coins 1
- The game of blocking pebbles 17
- Transverse Wave: an impartial color-propagation game inspired by social influence and Quantum Nim 39
- A note on numbers 67
- Ordinal sums, clockwise hackenbush, and domino shave 77
- Advances in finding ideal play on poset games 99
- Strings-and-Coins and Nimstring are PSPACE-complete 109
- Partizan subtraction games 121
- Circular Nim games CN(7, 4) 139
- Misère domineering on 2 × n boards 157
- Relator games on groups 171
- Playing Bynum’s game cautiously 201
- Genetically modified games 229
- Game values of arithmetic functions 245
- A base-p Sprague–Grundy-type theorem for p-calm subtraction games: Welter’s game and representations of generalized symmetric groups 281
- Recursive comparison tests for dicot and dead-ending games under misère play 309
- Impartial games with entailing moves 323
- Extended Sprague–Grundy theory for locally finite games, and applications to random game-trees 343
- Grundy numbers of impartial three-dimensional chocolate-bar games 367
- On the structure of misère impartial games 389
