2 Articulatory phonetics
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Heather Bliss
Abstract
While the field of articulatory phonetics dates back millennia, throughout most of the field’s history, investigations have been largely impressionistic. With many relatively recent and continually evolving technological innovations, the tools and methods we can use to analyze speech articulation have opened up the space for new discoveries and approaches. Moreover, these technologies are increasingly affordable and portable, meaning that they can be used “in the field,” in community contexts with speakers of Indigenous languages in North America. As new technologies develop, our awareness is concurrently growing about the importance and necessity of conducting ethical and engaged research with Indigenous communities. In this chapter we survey tools and methods that have been used for articulatory research with Indigenous languages in North America, with a focus on how these tools and methods can enrich and enhance community-based research. Articulatory data can be an important part of both language documentation and language revitalization, as it can provide detailed information about the complexities and variation in linguistic sound systems, which can be used to assist learners in reclaiming their languages. As technologies and perspectives continue to evolve, the potential for articulatory phonetic research to inform language revitalization practices continues to grow.
Abstract
While the field of articulatory phonetics dates back millennia, throughout most of the field’s history, investigations have been largely impressionistic. With many relatively recent and continually evolving technological innovations, the tools and methods we can use to analyze speech articulation have opened up the space for new discoveries and approaches. Moreover, these technologies are increasingly affordable and portable, meaning that they can be used “in the field,” in community contexts with speakers of Indigenous languages in North America. As new technologies develop, our awareness is concurrently growing about the importance and necessity of conducting ethical and engaged research with Indigenous communities. In this chapter we survey tools and methods that have been used for articulatory research with Indigenous languages in North America, with a focus on how these tools and methods can enrich and enhance community-based research. Articulatory data can be an important part of both language documentation and language revitalization, as it can provide detailed information about the complexities and variation in linguistic sound systems, which can be used to assist learners in reclaiming their languages. As technologies and perspectives continue to evolve, the potential for articulatory phonetic research to inform language revitalization practices continues to grow.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Table of contents VII
- List of North American families, languages, and dialects XIII
- Maps XLI
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I Sounds and sound structure
- 1 Acoustic phonetics 1
- 2 Articulatory phonetics 39
- 3 Tone 63
- 4 Segmental phonology 89
- 5 Prosodic morphology 109
- 6 Word prosody 135
- 7 Prosody beyond the word 155
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II Words
- 8 What is a word? 183
- 9 Word classes 205
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III Sentences
- 10 Syntax within the clause 247
- 11 Negatives 267
- 12 Questions and requests in North American languages 283
- 13 Information structure 305
- 14 Clause-combining: Relative clauses 323
- 15 Clause combining: Syntax of subordination and complementation 345
- 16 Switch-reference and event cohesion 363
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IV Discourse
- 17 Verbal art 385
- 18 Conversation structure 421
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V Meaning
- 19 Lexicalization and lexical meaning 453
- 20 Lexicography 479
- 21 Evidentiality 497
- 22 Pluractionality and distributivity 511
- 23 Mass and count nouns 527
- 24 Sense of place: Space, landscape, and orientation 547
- 25 A sense of time and world 577
- 26 Pragmatics 599
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VI Languages over space and time
- 27 Languages as dynamic systems: How grammar can emerge 619
- 28 Language contact and linguistic areas 647
- 29 Language classification 669
- 30 Archival-based sociolinguistic variation 689
- 31 Community-based sociolinguistic variation 701
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Preface V
- Table of contents VII
- List of North American families, languages, and dialects XIII
- Maps XLI
-
I Sounds and sound structure
- 1 Acoustic phonetics 1
- 2 Articulatory phonetics 39
- 3 Tone 63
- 4 Segmental phonology 89
- 5 Prosodic morphology 109
- 6 Word prosody 135
- 7 Prosody beyond the word 155
-
II Words
- 8 What is a word? 183
- 9 Word classes 205
-
III Sentences
- 10 Syntax within the clause 247
- 11 Negatives 267
- 12 Questions and requests in North American languages 283
- 13 Information structure 305
- 14 Clause-combining: Relative clauses 323
- 15 Clause combining: Syntax of subordination and complementation 345
- 16 Switch-reference and event cohesion 363
-
IV Discourse
- 17 Verbal art 385
- 18 Conversation structure 421
-
V Meaning
- 19 Lexicalization and lexical meaning 453
- 20 Lexicography 479
- 21 Evidentiality 497
- 22 Pluractionality and distributivity 511
- 23 Mass and count nouns 527
- 24 Sense of place: Space, landscape, and orientation 547
- 25 A sense of time and world 577
- 26 Pragmatics 599
-
VI Languages over space and time
- 27 Languages as dynamic systems: How grammar can emerge 619
- 28 Language contact and linguistic areas 647
- 29 Language classification 669
- 30 Archival-based sociolinguistic variation 689
- 31 Community-based sociolinguistic variation 701
