17. Analyse comparative de l’organisation urbaine des qṣūr du Sud-Est algérien (Rīgh, Miya, Mzāb et al-Manī‘a
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Mounia Chekhab-Abudaya
Abstract
The qṣar can be defined in the Sahara as a type of fortified human settlement that is built high up on a rocky promontory (gāra) and is near a wādī. The morphology of the land and its immediate environment (palm grove, erg, depression or rocky plateau) determines the building materials used in the construction, as well as its general shape and the internal distribution of spaces. Some qṣūr in southeastern Algeria, which are attributed in historical sources and local legends to Ibāḍi Berbers, present architectural features and an urban organisation that can also be associated with these communities in particular, despite a discontinuity within the historical narrative. By examining several examples of the qṣūr neighbouring the wādī Rīgh (those of the Miya, the Mzāb and the city of al-Manī‘a), this paper will provide a comparative analysis that will strengthen our understanding of the urban development of this part of the Sahara, and will help determine to what extent Ibāḍism has been able to influence the architecture of these human settlements.
Abstract
The qṣar can be defined in the Sahara as a type of fortified human settlement that is built high up on a rocky promontory (gāra) and is near a wādī. The morphology of the land and its immediate environment (palm grove, erg, depression or rocky plateau) determines the building materials used in the construction, as well as its general shape and the internal distribution of spaces. Some qṣūr in southeastern Algeria, which are attributed in historical sources and local legends to Ibāḍi Berbers, present architectural features and an urban organisation that can also be associated with these communities in particular, despite a discontinuity within the historical narrative. By examining several examples of the qṣūr neighbouring the wādī Rīgh (those of the Miya, the Mzāb and the city of al-Manī‘a), this paper will provide a comparative analysis that will strengthen our understanding of the urban development of this part of the Sahara, and will help determine to what extent Ibāḍism has been able to influence the architecture of these human settlements.
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Remerciements V
- Table des matières VII
- Liste des Figures XI
-
Part I: Introduction
- 1. Une étude des modèles politiques et sociaux de l’ibadisme médiéval 3
- 2. Reflections on History and Historiography of the Early lbāḍis 14
- 3. Ibadism in the Societies of Mediaeval Islam: a Few Remarks 19
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Part II: La période de formation
- 4. “The World thus Became Severed from Them:” Khārijī and Ibāḍī Concepts of Shirā’ in their Near Eastern Context 25
- 5. Some Reflexions on the Origins of the Ibāḍiyya and Zaydiyya 42
- 6. Le kharijisme ibadite au Yémen et au Ḥaḍramawt à travers la révolte: d’Ibn Yaḥyā al-Kindī à la fin de l’epoque omeyyade 48
- 7. Les ibāḍites du Ḥaḍramawt: quelques suggestions généalogiques et historiographiques 63
- 8. Law and Politics in the Early Ibāḍī Communities: Abū ‘Ubayda al-Tamīmī’s Risāla to Abū ’l-Khaṭṭāb al-Ma‘Āfirī 72
- 9. The Butr and North African Ibāḍism: Praise and Criticism of the Berbers 88
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Part III: Territoires et sociétés
- 10. The Political Organization of Oman from the Second Imamate Period to the Yaʻrūba: Rereading Omani Internal Sources 113
- 11. Réflexions sur la nature du pouvoir rustumide 127
- 12. Sijilmāsa au temps tes Midrārides: nouvelles approches historiques et premier bilan archéologique 137
- 13. Essai de cartographie des groupes dissidents dans le Maghreb ibadite 169
- 14. An Ibadi Islandscape: Ibadi Communities on Djerba in the Medieval Period 190
- 15. Wārjlān, un foyer de l’ibadisme médiéval aux marges du Sahara 207
- 16. Les communautés ibadites du nord du Sahara au Moyen Âge: espace et société dans la région de l’oued Rīgh 244
- 17. Analyse comparative de l’organisation urbaine des qṣūr du Sud-Est algérien (Rīgh, Miya, Mzāb et al-Manī‘a 276
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Part IV: Réseaux et interactions
- 18. Fatimid Conflict with the Ibāḍīs and the Ibāḍī Version of the Imamate, in North Africa and in the East 303
- 19. Le pouvoir almohado-hafside et les ibadites en Ifrīqiya 315
- 20. L’ibadisme et la malikisation du Maghreb central: étude d’un processus long et complexe (ive–vie/xe–xiie siècle) 329
- 21. La communauté ibadite entre Orient et Occident musulmans (iiie/ixe–viie/xiiie siècle): une histoire d’échanges et de construction identitaire 348 348
- Index des noms de personnes 367
- Index des noms de lignages, de tribus et de groupes religieux 371
- Index des noms de lieux 373
- Index thématique 376
Kapitel in diesem Buch
- Frontmatter I
- Remerciements V
- Table des matières VII
- Liste des Figures XI
-
Part I: Introduction
- 1. Une étude des modèles politiques et sociaux de l’ibadisme médiéval 3
- 2. Reflections on History and Historiography of the Early lbāḍis 14
- 3. Ibadism in the Societies of Mediaeval Islam: a Few Remarks 19
-
Part II: La période de formation
- 4. “The World thus Became Severed from Them:” Khārijī and Ibāḍī Concepts of Shirā’ in their Near Eastern Context 25
- 5. Some Reflexions on the Origins of the Ibāḍiyya and Zaydiyya 42
- 6. Le kharijisme ibadite au Yémen et au Ḥaḍramawt à travers la révolte: d’Ibn Yaḥyā al-Kindī à la fin de l’epoque omeyyade 48
- 7. Les ibāḍites du Ḥaḍramawt: quelques suggestions généalogiques et historiographiques 63
- 8. Law and Politics in the Early Ibāḍī Communities: Abū ‘Ubayda al-Tamīmī’s Risāla to Abū ’l-Khaṭṭāb al-Ma‘Āfirī 72
- 9. The Butr and North African Ibāḍism: Praise and Criticism of the Berbers 88
-
Part III: Territoires et sociétés
- 10. The Political Organization of Oman from the Second Imamate Period to the Yaʻrūba: Rereading Omani Internal Sources 113
- 11. Réflexions sur la nature du pouvoir rustumide 127
- 12. Sijilmāsa au temps tes Midrārides: nouvelles approches historiques et premier bilan archéologique 137
- 13. Essai de cartographie des groupes dissidents dans le Maghreb ibadite 169
- 14. An Ibadi Islandscape: Ibadi Communities on Djerba in the Medieval Period 190
- 15. Wārjlān, un foyer de l’ibadisme médiéval aux marges du Sahara 207
- 16. Les communautés ibadites du nord du Sahara au Moyen Âge: espace et société dans la région de l’oued Rīgh 244
- 17. Analyse comparative de l’organisation urbaine des qṣūr du Sud-Est algérien (Rīgh, Miya, Mzāb et al-Manī‘a 276
-
Part IV: Réseaux et interactions
- 18. Fatimid Conflict with the Ibāḍīs and the Ibāḍī Version of the Imamate, in North Africa and in the East 303
- 19. Le pouvoir almohado-hafside et les ibadites en Ifrīqiya 315
- 20. L’ibadisme et la malikisation du Maghreb central: étude d’un processus long et complexe (ive–vie/xe–xiie siècle) 329
- 21. La communauté ibadite entre Orient et Occident musulmans (iiie/ixe–viie/xiiie siècle): une histoire d’échanges et de construction identitaire 348 348
- Index des noms de personnes 367
- Index des noms de lignages, de tribus et de groupes religieux 371
- Index des noms de lieux 373
- Index thématique 376