Point-of-care salivary oxidative and renal functional markers to assess kidney function in reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in male rats

Arash Abdi; Mehri Kadkhodaee; Behjat Seifi; Farzaneh Kianian; Keivan Lorian; Sedigheh Shams; Enayatollah Bakhshi; Ghorbangol Ashabi; Mina Ranjbaran

doi:10.1515/hmbci-2022-0077

Article

Point-of-care salivary oxidative and renal functional markers to assess kidney function in reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in male rats

Arash Abdi , Mehri Kadkhodaee , Behjat Seifi , Farzaneh Kianian , Keivan Lorian , Sedigheh Shams , Enayatollah Bakhshi , Ghorbangol Ashabi and Mina Ranjbaran

Published/Copyright: March 2, 2023

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From the journal Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation Volume 44 Issue 3

Abstract

Objectives

Saliva is one of the most promising body fluids in the research of new biomarker for various diseases diagnosis. However, serial sampling in this condition is very dangerous and pose iatrogenic anemia with blood loss. This study was done to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of point-of-care salivary tests and identify the validity of salivary markers.

Methods

Rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: (1) control (2) IR-3 h (3) IR-6 h (4) IR-24 h. Both renal pedicles were occluded for 55 min and then were declamped to allow reperfusion for 3, 6 and 24 h in IR groups. After reperfusion, all rats received pilocarpine 1 mg/kg to collect saliva. Plasma samples were also collected. Renal parameters including Cr, uric acid, and urea, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, nitrite/nitrate ratio, corticosterone levels and oxidant/antioxidant ratio were measured in both plasma and salivary samples.

Results

There were significant increased level of renal function parameters, MDA levels, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, nitrite/nitrate ratio and corticosterone in both saliva and plasma. The comparison of above parameters in both saliva and plasma showed significant correlation.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that concentrations of indices specifically renal functional parameters increase in saliva in the IR-induced kidney injury in male rats and result indicate the potential of saliva as a tool to monitoring AKI. Measurement of salivary parameters may can become reliable diagnostic tests for patients with AKI.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; plasma; rat; renal ischemia-reperfusion; saliva

Corresponding author: Mehri Kadkhodaee, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Phone: +98- 21- 64053288, Fax: +98- 21- 66419484, E-mail: kadkhodm@tums.ac.ir

Research funding: This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute for Medical Research Development of Iranian Ministry of Health.
Author contributions: All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, data analysis and interpretation were performed by Arash Abdi, Farzaneh Kianian, Keivan Lorian, Sedigheh Shams, Enayatollah Bakhshi, Ghorbangol Ashabi and Mina Ranjbaran. The manuscript was written by Arash Abdi and revised by Mehri Kadkhodaee and Behjat Seifi.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Informed consent:: Informed consent is not applicable.
Ethical approval: All experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

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Received: 2022-08-16

Accepted: 2023-01-22

Published Online: 2023-03-02

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0077

Keywords for this article

acute kidney injury; plasma; rat; renal ischemia-reperfusion; saliva