Effect of MMT concentrations as reinforcement on the properties of recycled PET/HDPE nanocomposites
-
Rizuan Mohd Rosnan
Abstract
The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of incorporating montmorillonite (MMT) on the mechanical, morphological, rheological, and thermal properties of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites. The MMT contents in 90:10 rPET/HDPE and 70:30 rPET/HDPE ranged from 1 to 5 wt.%. rPET/HDPE nanocomposites were prepared by using a single screw extruder, and injection molded to prepare mechanical test specimens. The samples underwent rheological tests by using a capillary rheometer, and the morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability of the nanocomposites was tested using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that MMT acts as compatibilizing agent and improves phase dispersion and interfacial adhesion in the nanocomposites. The maximum tensile strength was found at 3 and 1 wt.% of MMT for the 90:10 and 70:30 rPET/HDPE blends. However, the tensile modulus decreased significantly with the incorporation of MMT. The impact strength for both the 90:10 and 70:30 blends reached a maximum at 3 wt.% and started to decrease beyond 3 wt.%. The incorporation of MMT increased the shear viscosity of the 90:10 and 70:30 blends, which reached a maximum value at 3 and 1 wt.%. SEM micrographs showed a good interaction of MMT that improved the adhesion between the two phases of blends and led to an increase in the mechanical properties of rPET/HDPE nanocomposites.
This work was supported by the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (research university grant).
References
[1] Benhamida A, Kaci M, Cimmino S, Silvestre C, Duraccio D. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2009, 2, 122–129.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Tincer T, Demir T. J Appl. Polym. Sci. 2001, 79, 827–835.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] Hansen CM. Hansen Solubility Parameters: A User’s Handbook [chapter 7], CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2000.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Lei Y, Wu Q, Zhang Q. Compos. Part A-Appl. S. 2009, 40, 904–912.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] Akovali G, Bernardo CA, Leidner J, Utracki LA, Xanthos M. Frontiers in the Science and Technology of Polymer Recycling, Kluwer Academic Publisher: Norwell, 1998.10.1007/978-94-017-1626-0Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Pegoretti A, Kolarik J, Peroni C, Migliaresi C. Polymer 2004, 45, 2751–2759.10.1016/j.polymer.2004.02.015Suche in Google Scholar
[7] Kracalik M, Studenovsky M, Mikesova J, Kovarova J, Sikora A, Thomann R, Friedrich C. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 106, 2092–2100.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Bizzaria M, Giraldi M, Carvalho CM, Velasco JI, Avila MA, Mei LCI. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 104, 1839–1844.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Park HD, Park KO, Cho WJ, Ha SC, Kwon KS. Polym. Recycling 1996, 2, 283–289.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] Aglietto M, Coltelli MB, Savi S, Locchiatto F, Ciardelli F, Gianni M. J. Mater. CyclesWaste Manag. 2004, 6, 13–19.Suche in Google Scholar
[11] Kameshwari DSH, Shashidhara GM, Ghosh AK. Compos. Interface 2010, 17, 217–222.10.1163/092764410X490617Suche in Google Scholar
[12] Lei Y, Wu Q, Clemons CM, Guo W. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2009, 113, 1710–1719.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] Wang Y, Gao J, Ma Y, Argawal US. Compos. Part B-Eng. 2006, 6, 399–407.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Coran AY, Patel R. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1976, 11, 20, 3005–3016.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] Navarro R, Ferrandiz S, Lopez J, Segui VJ. J. Mater. Process Tech. 2008, 195, 110–116.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Dimitrova TL, Mantia FP, Pilati F, Toselli M, Valenza A, Visco A. Polymer 2000, 41, 4817–4824.10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00709-0Suche in Google Scholar
[17] Jarukumjorn K, Chareunkvun S. J. Sci. Technol. 2007, 1, 1–8.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] Chow WS, Mohd Ishak ZA, Ishiaku US, Karger-Kocsis J, Apostolov AA. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2003, 91, 175–189.Suche in Google Scholar
[19] Razak MZA, Arsad A, Razak AR, Hassan A. J. Polym. Eng. 2012, 32, 177–183.Suche in Google Scholar
[20] Felisberti MI, Lopez CMA, Goncalves MC. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 4, 2524–2535.Suche in Google Scholar
[21] Mbarek S, Jaziri M, Chalamet Y, Carrot C. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2010, 117, 1683–1694.Suche in Google Scholar
[22] Xu H-S, Li Z-M, Yang SY, Pan J-L, Yang W, Yang M-B. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2005, 45, 1231–1238.Suche in Google Scholar
[23] Moet A, Carte TL. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1993, 48, 611–624.Suche in Google Scholar
[24] Ke YC, Long C, Qi Z. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1999, 71, 1139–1146.Suche in Google Scholar
[25] Katbab AA, Hamzehlou S. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 2, 1375–1382.Suche in Google Scholar
[26] Chang JH, Kim SJ, Joo YL, Im S. Polymer 2004, 3, 919–926.10.1016/j.polymer.2003.11.037Suche in Google Scholar
©2013 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original articles
- Degradation of epoxidized natural rubber compatibilized linear low density polyethylene/ soya powder blends: the effect of natural weathering
- Effect of compatibilizing agents on the physical properties of iPP/HDPE organoclay blends
- Thermal and mechanical properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/high-density polyethylene/polyethylene glycol blends
- Effect of MMT concentrations as reinforcement on the properties of recycled PET/HDPE nanocomposites
- Three-dimensional viscoelastic simulation of the effect of wall slip on encapsulation in the coextrusion process
- Studies on thin films of PVC-PMMA blend polymer electrolytes
- Morphological study of PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 blend films prepared by melt casting process
- Effects of calcium stearate and metal hydroxide additions on the irradiated LDPE/EVA compound properties
- Preparation of poly(sebacic anhydride) and polylactic acid pills used as drug carrier for levofloxacin controlled release
- Gray optimization of process parameters of surface modification of coconut sheath reinforced polymer composites
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Masthead
- Masthead
- Original articles
- Degradation of epoxidized natural rubber compatibilized linear low density polyethylene/ soya powder blends: the effect of natural weathering
- Effect of compatibilizing agents on the physical properties of iPP/HDPE organoclay blends
- Thermal and mechanical properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/high-density polyethylene/polyethylene glycol blends
- Effect of MMT concentrations as reinforcement on the properties of recycled PET/HDPE nanocomposites
- Three-dimensional viscoelastic simulation of the effect of wall slip on encapsulation in the coextrusion process
- Studies on thin films of PVC-PMMA blend polymer electrolytes
- Morphological study of PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 blend films prepared by melt casting process
- Effects of calcium stearate and metal hydroxide additions on the irradiated LDPE/EVA compound properties
- Preparation of poly(sebacic anhydride) and polylactic acid pills used as drug carrier for levofloxacin controlled release
- Gray optimization of process parameters of surface modification of coconut sheath reinforced polymer composites
