Analysis of ply-wise failure of composite laminates with open holes
-
Fatih Daricik
Fatih Daricik, born in 1982, received his PhD from Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Turkey in Mechanical Engineering in 2017. He is currently Assistant Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department of Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University in Antalya, Turkey. His research interests include experimental and numerical determination of failure and fracture mechanics of fiber-reinforced laminated composites.
Abstract
Fiber-reinforced composite materials may contain open holes according to the needs of service conditions. This research aims to determine the effect of the shape and size of the open-holes on the compressive strength of the carbon fiber/epoxy laminated composite material. The mechanical properties and the open-hole compressive failure of the laminate were introduced first. The experimental study was simulated with Finite element analysis and the difference between the experimental and numerical methods used to determine the compressive strength were compared. The results showed that the failure starts with matrix shear failure at the interface between the consecutive plies that have the greatest angle difference in fiber directions. The angle difference between the load and the reinforcement fibers is also important in determining the interface where the damage occurs. In terms of compressive strength, the shape and orientation of the holes are at least as important as the size of the holes.
About the author
Fatih Daricik, born in 1982, received his PhD from Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Turkey in Mechanical Engineering in 2017. He is currently Assistant Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department of Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University in Antalya, Turkey. His research interests include experimental and numerical determination of failure and fracture mechanics of fiber-reinforced laminated composites.
-
Author contribution: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
[1] Z. Tan, W. Dong, J. Mei, J. Liu, J. Liu, and Y. Tang, “Strength and mechanical response of C/C composite open-hole and bolted plates,” Mater. Test., vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 774–778, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111067.Suche in Google Scholar
[2] S. Erdem, M. Gur, and M. O. Kaman, “Nonlinear buckling behavior of hybrid composites with different notch types,” Mater. Test., vol. 63, no. 9, pp. 797–804, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-0001.Suche in Google Scholar
[3] C. Soutis, N. A. Fleck, and P. A. Smith, “Failure prediction technique for compression loaded carbon fibre-epoxy laminate with open holes,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 1476–1498, 1991, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199839102501106.Suche in Google Scholar
[4] J. Wang, “Experimental and numerical investigation of the tension and compression strength of un-notched and notched quasi-isotropic laminates,” Compos. Struct., vol. 64, nos. 3–4, pp. 297–306, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2003.08.012.Suche in Google Scholar
[5] T. A. Cruse, “Tensile strength of notched composites,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 218–229, 1973, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199837300700206.Suche in Google Scholar
[6] I. M. Daniel, R. E. Rowlands, and J. B. Whiteside, “Effects of material and stacking sequence on behavior of composite plates with holes,” Exp. Mech., vol. 14, 1974, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02324853.Suche in Google Scholar
[7] R. E. Rowlands, I. M. Daniel, and J. B. Whiteside, “Stress and failure analysis of a glass-epoxy composite plate with a circular hole,” Exp. Mech., vol. 13, 1973, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02319310.Suche in Google Scholar
[8] R. J. Nuismer and J. D. Labor, “Applications of the average stress failure criterion: part I–tension,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 238–249, 1978, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199837801200302.Suche in Google Scholar
[9] R. B. Pipes, R. C. Wetherhold, and J. W. Gillespie, “Notched strength of composite materials,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 148–160, 1979, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199837901300206.Suche in Google Scholar
[10] J. Backlund and C.-G. Aronsson, “Tensile fracture of laminates with holes,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 259–286, 1986, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199838602000304.Suche in Google Scholar
[11] S. C. Tan, “Tensile and compressive notched strength of PEEK matrix composite laminates,” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 253–267, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1177/073168448700600304.Suche in Google Scholar
[12] S. L. Gunderson and J. A. Lute, “The use of preformed holes for increased strength and damage tolerance of advanced composites,” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 559–569, 1993, https://doi.org/10.1177/073168449301200506.Suche in Google Scholar
[13] M. D. Rhodes, M. M. Mikulas, and P. E. Mc Gowan, “Effects of orthotropy and width on the compression strength of graphite-epoxy panels with holes,” AIAA J., vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1283–1292, 1984, https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8774.Suche in Google Scholar
[14] F.-K. Chang and L. B. Lessard, “Damage tolerance of laminated composites containing an open hole and subjected to compressive loadings: part II-experiment,” J. Compos. Mater., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 2–43, 1991, https://doi.org/10.1177/002199839102500101.Suche in Google Scholar
[15] M. J. Shuart and J. G. Williams, “Compression behavior of ±45°-dominated laminates with a circular hole or impact damage,” AIAA J., vol. 24, pp. 115–122, 1986, https://doi.org/10.2514/3.48652.Suche in Google Scholar
[16] C. Soutis, “Damage tolerance of open-hole CFRP laminates loaded in compression,” Compos. Eng., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 317–327, 1994, https://doi.org/10.1016/0961-9526(94)90082-5.Suche in Google Scholar
[17] H. Suemasu, H. Takahashi, and T. Ishikawa, “On failure mechanisms of composite laminates with an open hole subjected to compressive load,” Compos. Sci. Technol., vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 634–641, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.07.042.Suche in Google Scholar
[18] M. Saha, R. Prabhakaran, W. A. WatersJr., “Compressive behavior of pultured composite plates with circular holes,” Compos. Struct., vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 29–36, 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2003.10.002.Suche in Google Scholar
[19] ASTM D 6484, Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, ASTM International, 2014 [Online]. Available at: https://www.astm.org/Standards/D6484.htm.Suche in Google Scholar
[20] H. Ozarslan, “Design and development of a light weight composite chassis for electric vehicle applications,” Master thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cukurova University, Turkey, 2016.Suche in Google Scholar
[21] A. Puck and H. Schürmann, “Failure analysis of FRP laminates using physically based phenomenological models,” Compos. Sci. Technol., vol. 62, nos. 12–13, pp. 1633–1662, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00208-1.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Characterization of a low-alloy steel component produced with wire arc additive manufacturing process using metal-cored wire
- Effect of heat-treatment on crash performance in bumper beam and crash box design and optimization of the system
- Experimental investigation of the impact behavior of glass/epoxy composite materials with the natural fiber layer
- Study on the effects of the tension and torsion loading sequence on the mechanical properties of a 20 carbon steel
- Wear resistance and microstructural evaluation of a hardfacing welded S355J2 steel pipe piles
- Strength decay of wire ropes by corrosion and wear at different surface conditions
- Low-speed impact behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer-based glass, carbon, and glass/carbon hybrid composites
- Effect of tempering temperature on mechanical properties and microstructure of AISI 4140 and AISI 4340 tempered steels
- Analysis of ply-wise failure of composite laminates with open holes
- Numerical analysis of bent aluminium sandwich panels with different tubular cores
- Evaluation of concrete fracture behavior based on digital image correlation
- Effect of extrusion ratio and die angle on the microstructure of an AA6063/SiC composite
- Surface engineering of chromium films for augmenting bird striking performance of jet engine blades
- Tensile damage mechanisms of carbon fiber composites at high temperature by acoustic emission and fully connected neural network
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Characterization of a low-alloy steel component produced with wire arc additive manufacturing process using metal-cored wire
- Effect of heat-treatment on crash performance in bumper beam and crash box design and optimization of the system
- Experimental investigation of the impact behavior of glass/epoxy composite materials with the natural fiber layer
- Study on the effects of the tension and torsion loading sequence on the mechanical properties of a 20 carbon steel
- Wear resistance and microstructural evaluation of a hardfacing welded S355J2 steel pipe piles
- Strength decay of wire ropes by corrosion and wear at different surface conditions
- Low-speed impact behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer-based glass, carbon, and glass/carbon hybrid composites
- Effect of tempering temperature on mechanical properties and microstructure of AISI 4140 and AISI 4340 tempered steels
- Analysis of ply-wise failure of composite laminates with open holes
- Numerical analysis of bent aluminium sandwich panels with different tubular cores
- Evaluation of concrete fracture behavior based on digital image correlation
- Effect of extrusion ratio and die angle on the microstructure of an AA6063/SiC composite
- Surface engineering of chromium films for augmenting bird striking performance of jet engine blades
- Tensile damage mechanisms of carbon fiber composites at high temperature by acoustic emission and fully connected neural network
