Bacopa monnieri alleviates aluminium chloride-induced anxiety by regulating plasma corticosterone level in Wistar rats

Senthil Murugan Murugaiyan; Rajesh Bhargavan

doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0379

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Bacopa monnieri alleviates aluminium chloride-induced anxiety by regulating plasma corticosterone level in Wistar rats

Senthil Murugan Murugaiyan und Rajesh Bhargavan

Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 13. Juli 2020

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Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology Band 32 Heft 1

Abstract

Objectives

Aluminium is present in food preparations, antacids and many medications. It causes neurodegeneration thereby resulting in a spectrum of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and anxiety. Bacopa monnieri (BM) is widely used in ayurvedic medicine to improve memory functions. Its anxiolytic property was investigated in this study by using elevated plus maze (EPM) and plasma corticosterone level.

Methods

Thirty rats were assigned into five groups. Control group received distilled water, and 0.5% tween 80, AlCl₃ group received Aluminium Chloride (AlCl₃), Protective groups (BM100 + AlCl₃ group and BM200 + AlCl₃ group) received AlCl₃ and BM at two different doses, and the BM200 group received BM. The EPM experiment was performed at the end of the 4th week of oral administration of BM and AlCl₃ followed by the measurement of plasma corticosterone.

Results

Oral administration of AlCl₃ to rats increases the levels of anxiety as seen in a decrease in the percentage of entries into the open arms of EPM, an increase in grooming frequency and defecation index. However, the rats in the protective groups shown an increase in the percentage of open arm entries and rearing frequency, and decreased grooming frequency and defecation index. AlCl₃ alone treated group showed a significant increase in the plasma corticosterone levels compared to the control group. Whereas the protective groups have shown a significant decrease in the plasma corticosterone levels than the AlCl₃ alone treated group.

Conclusions

Hence the BM has potential role in reverting the anxiogenic effect of AlCl₃ in the amygdala as it is evident from the plasma corticosterone levels and the EPM parameters of different groups under study.

Keywords: aluminium chloride; anxiety; Bacopa monnieri; elevated plus maze; neurodegeneration

Corresponding author: Senthil Murugan Murugaiyan, Department of Anatomy, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Deemed to be University, Chennai, India; and Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India, Phone: 8072901249, E-mail: senthilanatomy@gmail.com

Senthil Murugan Murugaiyan and Rajesh Bhargavan have equal contributions.

Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission. The authors made substantial contribution to the conception of the work, interpretation of the data and draughted the manuscript. Authors declare responsibility for final approval of manuscript to be published.
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
Informed consent: Not Applicable since it is an animal study.
Ethical approval: Approved by Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC) with IAEC No. 18/2016, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Pondicherry, India. Authors followed Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) Guidelines of Government of India.

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Received: 2020-01-30

Accepted: 2020-05-15

Published Online: 2020-07-13

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https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0379

Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel

aluminium chloride; anxiety; Bacopa monnieri; elevated plus maze; neurodegeneration