Startseite Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid
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Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid

  • X.-Y. Pang , Y.-F. Meng , Y.-P. Xin , R. Chang und J.-Z. Xu
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 15. September 2021
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International Polymer Processing
Aus der Zeitschrift International Polymer Processing Band 36 Heft 4

Abstract

To improve the thermal stability, ZF-GO (graphene oxide (GO) modified by zinc ferrite (ZF)) is prepared. In view of the anti-dripping function of ZF-GO and flame retardant effect of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), the influence of ZF-GO, APP, mixture of ZF-GO and APP on combustion performance, thermal stability and mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) is investigated. Results show that the modification of GO by ZF significantly improves the residue of ZFGO by 34.7%. The char-forming capability and unique network structure of ZF-GO prevent the melt dripping of PLA. Although APP can increase the limiting oxygen index of PLA, there is still melt dripping. The combination of ZF-GO and APP improves the residual yield of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP by 4.3 times relative to pure PLA, and the UL-94 level reaches V-0. The two additives show synergistic char-forming effect, and there is both physical carbonization and chemical carbonization. The incorporated fillers can decrease the total heat release (THR) of PLA composites. Specifically, the THR and peak value of heat release rate of 94PLA/3ZF-GO/3APP decrease by 21.2% and 53.9%, respectively. For the PLA/ZF-GO/APP system, plenty of residues and the anti-dripping network structure are key factors to get good flame retardancy. Addition of ZFGO and APP reduces the tensile strength, but the tensile elongation of the modified PLA composites is improved. 94PLA/ 3ZF-GO/3APP shows good integrated performance.

Nomenclature

APP

ammonium polyphosphate

BPE

polyelectrolyte;

DDM

4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane

EDS

energy dispersive spectrum

EG

expanded graphite

FESEM

field emission scanning electron microscope

GIC

graphite intercalation compound

GO

graphene oxide

LOI

limiting oxygen index, %

NG

natural graphite

PEG

polyethylene glycol

PHRR

peak value of heat release rate, W g–1

PLA

polylactic acid

Rmax

the maximum mass loss rate, wt%°C–1

T5

temperature corresponding to a 5% weight loss, °C

Tm

melting point, °C

Tmax

temperature corresponding to the maximum weight loss rate, °C;

TG

thermogravimetric analysis

TG/DTG

thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis;

THR

total heat release, kJ g–1

Xγ

crystallinity

XRD

Ω ray diffraction spectrum

ZF

zinc ferrite

ZF-GO

GO modified by ZF

ΔHc

thermal enthalpy of the detected samples, J g–1

Acknowledgements

This study is supported by project (No. B2015201028) of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province. We gratefully acknowledge the support.

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Received: 2020-08-19
Accepted: 2021-01-13
Published Online: 2021-09-15
Published in Print: 2021-09-27

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston, Germany

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents
  2. Regular Contributed Articles
  3. Fiber Length Distribution in Twin-Screw Extrusion of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Comparison between Shear and Extensional Mixing
  4. The Effect of Nanosilicates on the Performance of Polyethylene Terephthalate Films Prepared by Twin-Screw Extrusion
  5. Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid
  6. Basic Study of Extensional Flow Mixing for the Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Polypropylene by Using Capillary Extrusion
  7. Pulsed IR Heating of Thermoplastic Sheets for Thermoforming Applications
  8. Novel Design and Comparison of Structural and Modal Analyses of Auxetic Geometry versus Honeycomb Geometry
  9. Effect of Introducing Long Chain Branching on Fiber Diameter and Fiber Diameter Distribution in Melt Blowing Process of Polypropylene
  10. Study on the Relationship between the Bonding Surface and Mechanical Properties of PLA/Epoxy Laminated Composites
  11. A Study on Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Ethylene-Butene Copolymer Composites with Carbon Fibers
  12. Model Approach for Displaying Dynamic Filament Displacement during Impregnation of Continuous Fibres Based on the Theory of Similarity – Theory and Modelling
  13. Using Symbolic Regression Models to Predict the Pressure Loss of Non-Newtonian Polymer-Melt Flows through Melt-Filtration Systems with Woven Screens
  14. Preparation and Photo-Oxidation Aging Behavior of Oriented Polylactic Acid
  15. Numerical Simulation and Process Optimization of a 3D Thin-Walled Polymeric Part Using Injection Compression Molding
  16. PPS News
  17. Seikei-Kakou abstracts
  18. PPS Membership application
https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2020-4028

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Contents
  2. Regular Contributed Articles
  3. Fiber Length Distribution in Twin-Screw Extrusion of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Comparison between Shear and Extensional Mixing
  4. The Effect of Nanosilicates on the Performance of Polyethylene Terephthalate Films Prepared by Twin-Screw Extrusion
  5. Synergistic Effect between Modified Graphene Oxide and Ammonium Polyphosphate on Combustion Performance, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid
  6. Basic Study of Extensional Flow Mixing for the Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Polypropylene by Using Capillary Extrusion
  7. Pulsed IR Heating of Thermoplastic Sheets for Thermoforming Applications
  8. Novel Design and Comparison of Structural and Modal Analyses of Auxetic Geometry versus Honeycomb Geometry
  9. Effect of Introducing Long Chain Branching on Fiber Diameter and Fiber Diameter Distribution in Melt Blowing Process of Polypropylene
  10. Study on the Relationship between the Bonding Surface and Mechanical Properties of PLA/Epoxy Laminated Composites
  11. A Study on Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Ethylene-Butene Copolymer Composites with Carbon Fibers
  12. Model Approach for Displaying Dynamic Filament Displacement during Impregnation of Continuous Fibres Based on the Theory of Similarity – Theory and Modelling
  13. Using Symbolic Regression Models to Predict the Pressure Loss of Non-Newtonian Polymer-Melt Flows through Melt-Filtration Systems with Woven Screens
  14. Preparation and Photo-Oxidation Aging Behavior of Oriented Polylactic Acid
  15. Numerical Simulation and Process Optimization of a 3D Thin-Walled Polymeric Part Using Injection Compression Molding
  16. PPS News
  17. Seikei-Kakou abstracts
  18. PPS Membership application
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