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The African seaforest: a review

  • Zara S. Prew

    Zara S. Prew is a PhD candidate in the Department of Oceanography at the University of Cape Town. Her research centres on the ecological effects of changing climate, specifically extreme marine thermal events on the kelp forests of southern Africa. Zara’s academic background in environmental policy and management drives her commitment to studying and advocating for sustainable environmental practices within these ecosystems.

     ORCID logo EMAIL logo     , Maggie M. Reddy

    Dr. Maggie M. Reddy is a lecturer at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in South Africa and an honorary researcher at the University of Galway in Ireland. She is a passionate marine biologist with a special interest in kelp forests and seaweeds in general.

     ORCID logo     , Akshata Mehta

    Akshata Mehta is currently based at the Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology at the University of the Western Cape. Her research areas of interest include human dimensions of marine and coastal ecosystems (specifically, seaweeds), the marine bioeconomy, marine conservation and management, and climate change and resilience.

     ORCID logo     , David C. Dyer

    David C. Dyer is a marine ecologist with an interest in trophic ecology, food web structure and ecosystem functioning. Over the last ten years, his research has concentrated on the trophic ecology of South African kelp forests, emphasizing the significance of primary producers and coastal processes in ecosystem function. His extensive travels along the southern African coastline have highlighted the ecological variability of these ecosystems and their diverse floral and faunal communities.

     ORCID logo     und Albertus J. Smit

    Professor Albertus J. Smit is a marine scientist with a primary background in phycology (the study of algae). His current interest is within the field of nearshore oceanography, wherein he couples the study of the thermal variability of the marine environment (and specifically climate change) to the ecological processes operating along our coast. Despite working along the entire South African coastline, he tends to focus close to home in the kelp beds of the Western Cape Province.

     ORCID logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 30. April 2024
Botanica Marina
Aus der Zeitschrift Botanica Marina Band 67 Heft 5

Abstract

Kelp forests dominate the western and southwestern coastlines of southern Africa. This expansive ecosystem spreads over two very different ecoregions that are of particular interest to researchers due to the complexities of their physical environment. The mid-to-late 1900s saw a proliferation in pioneering research on southern African kelp forests. Since this period (1970–1989), researchers have published comparatively few seminal studies concerning kelp forest ecology and biological functioning. In light of this deficit, this review synthesised pre-existing research on southern African kelp forests, and highlighted key gaps in the research landscape to spark interest and facilitate new studies. Among several others, key research gaps uncovered by this review include kelp carbon sequestration potential and possible contributions to the blue bioeconomy; deeper exploration into the biological functioning and ecological roles of Macrocysis pyrifera and Ecklonia radiata populations in southern Africa; and the impacts of a changing physical environment on these kelp forests. In light of our rapidly changing climate, filling these gaps will be essential in informing conversations around coastal and marine management decisions and policy.

Keywords: kelp forest; southern Africa; research gaps; coastal management; African seaforest
Corresponding author: Zara S. Prew, Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7701, South Africa; and Elwandle Coastal Node, South African Environmental Observation Network (SAEON), Gqeberha, 6001, South Africa, E-mail:

About the authors

Zara S. Prew

Zara S. Prew is a PhD candidate in the Department of Oceanography at the University of Cape Town. Her research centres on the ecological effects of changing climate, specifically extreme marine thermal events on the kelp forests of southern Africa. Zara’s academic background in environmental policy and management drives her commitment to studying and advocating for sustainable environmental practices within these ecosystems.

Maggie M. Reddy

Dr. Maggie M. Reddy is a lecturer at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in South Africa and an honorary researcher at the University of Galway in Ireland. She is a passionate marine biologist with a special interest in kelp forests and seaweeds in general.

Akshata Mehta

Akshata Mehta is currently based at the Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology at the University of the Western Cape. Her research areas of interest include human dimensions of marine and coastal ecosystems (specifically, seaweeds), the marine bioeconomy, marine conservation and management, and climate change and resilience.

David C. Dyer

David C. Dyer is a marine ecologist with an interest in trophic ecology, food web structure and ecosystem functioning. Over the last ten years, his research has concentrated on the trophic ecology of South African kelp forests, emphasizing the significance of primary producers and coastal processes in ecosystem function. His extensive travels along the southern African coastline have highlighted the ecological variability of these ecosystems and their diverse floral and faunal communities.

Albertus J. Smit

Professor Albertus J. Smit is a marine scientist with a primary background in phycology (the study of algae). His current interest is within the field of nearshore oceanography, wherein he couples the study of the thermal variability of the marine environment (and specifically climate change) to the ecological processes operating along our coast. Despite working along the entire South African coastline, he tends to focus close to home in the kelp beds of the Western Cape Province.

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their support and constructive feedback.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: ZSP was the lead author and significantly contributed to the literature research, writing and editing of the review. MMR wrote the section on kelp as individuals and assisted with writing and editing. AM wrote the sections on ecosystem services and contributions from kelp, the value of kelp forests, and assisted with editing. DCD wrote the section on kelp forest community ecology, and assisted with writing and editing. AJS wrote the section on the physical environment and commercial uses of kelp, and assisted with the intellectual conception, writing, and editing of this review. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: None declared.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Received: 2023-07-31
Accepted: 2024-03-12
Published Online: 2024-04-30
Published in Print: 2024-10-28

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Editorial
  4. Kelp ecology, applications and potential for aquaculture in Southern Africa
  5. Kelp Forest Review and Management
  6. The African seaforest: a review
  7. Embracing diversity: enhancing the management of South Africa’s kelp forests in an era of change
  8. Modelling in Kelp Ecology
  9. Numerical experiments investigating the influence of drag on trajectory patterns of floating macroalgae
  10. Individual-based numerical experiment to describe the distribution of floating kelp within the Southern Benguela Upwelling System
  11. Kelp Products and Their Uses
  12. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate: a review
  13. Extraction and characterisation of sodium alginate from the Southern African seaweed Ecklonia maxima
  14. Potential for Kelp Aquaculture
  15. The potential for kelp (order Laminariales) aquaculture in South Africa: a biological review
  16. Considerations for kelp aquaculture on South Africa’s west coast: geospatial analysis and research implications
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0060
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
kelp forest; southern Africa; research gaps; coastal management; African seaforest

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Editorial
  4. Kelp ecology, applications and potential for aquaculture in Southern Africa
  5. Kelp Forest Review and Management
  6. The African seaforest: a review
  7. Embracing diversity: enhancing the management of South Africa’s kelp forests in an era of change
  8. Modelling in Kelp Ecology
  9. Numerical experiments investigating the influence of drag on trajectory patterns of floating macroalgae
  10. Individual-based numerical experiment to describe the distribution of floating kelp within the Southern Benguela Upwelling System
  11. Kelp Products and Their Uses
  12. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of alginate: a review
  13. Extraction and characterisation of sodium alginate from the Southern African seaweed Ecklonia maxima
  14. Potential for Kelp Aquaculture
  15. The potential for kelp (order Laminariales) aquaculture in South Africa: a biological review
  16. Considerations for kelp aquaculture on South Africa’s west coast: geospatial analysis and research implications
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