A Dilatometer to Measure the Influence of Cooling Rate and Melt Shearing on Specific Volume
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M. H. E. van der Beek
Abstract
We developed a dilatometer to investigate the specific volume of polymers as a function of pressure (to 100 MPa), temperature (to 260 oC), cooling rate (to 100 oC/s), and shear rate (to 80 1/s). The dilatometer is based on the principle of confined compression and comprises of a pressure cell used in combination with a tensile testing machine with rotation capability. The design of the pressure cell is a mixture of a traditional ‘pistondie type’ dilatometer and a Couette rheometer, i. e. piston and die make up an annular shaped sample spacing. Typical dimensions of annular samples are: inner radius ri = 10.5 mm, outer radius ro = 11.0 mm, height h = 2.5 mm, and a typical mass of about 60 to 70 mg. Silicon grease is used to reduce loss of hydrostatic pressure in the sample due to friction occurring between the solidifying sample and the dilatometer wall. Specific volume measurements at low cooling rate using an isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) are compared with measurements performed using a commercial bellows type dilatometer, showing relative differences in the range of 0.1 to 0.4%. Finally, results for an isotactic polypropylene are presented showing a profound influence of cooling rate and melt shearing on the evolution of specific volume.
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© 2005, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Contents
- Editorial
- International Polymer Processing Special Issue Macro 2004
- Invited Paper
- A Dilatometer to Measure the Influence of Cooling Rate and Melt Shearing on Specific Volume
- Monitoring Reactive Processes along the Extruder
- Stretch and Shape Distributions of Droplets with Interfacial Tension in Chaotic Mixing
- Cast Film Extrusion
- Nozzle Injection of Physical Blowing Agents in the Injection Molding of Microcellular Foams
- Visualization Analysis of Asymmetric Fountain Flow Phenomenon in Injection Molding of Filler-reinforced Resins by Rotary Runner Exchange System
- In-process Monitoring of Micromoulding – Assessment of Process Variation
- Processing-induced Properties in Glassy Polymers
- Structure Development in Injection Molding: A 3D Simulation with a Differential Formulation of the Kinetic Equations
- Evolution of Morphology of iPP in Processing Conditions
- Regular Contributed Articles
- 3D Simulation of Gas Assisted Injection Molding Analysis of Primary and Secondary Gas Penetration and Comparison with Experimental Results
- Microcellular Injection Molding
- Effect of Material Species on Flash Generation of PPS/GF Composites
- PPS News
- PPS News
- Seikei-Kakou Abstracts
- Seikei-Kakou Abstracts
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Contents
- Editorial
- International Polymer Processing Special Issue Macro 2004
- Invited Paper
- A Dilatometer to Measure the Influence of Cooling Rate and Melt Shearing on Specific Volume
- Monitoring Reactive Processes along the Extruder
- Stretch and Shape Distributions of Droplets with Interfacial Tension in Chaotic Mixing
- Cast Film Extrusion
- Nozzle Injection of Physical Blowing Agents in the Injection Molding of Microcellular Foams
- Visualization Analysis of Asymmetric Fountain Flow Phenomenon in Injection Molding of Filler-reinforced Resins by Rotary Runner Exchange System
- In-process Monitoring of Micromoulding – Assessment of Process Variation
- Processing-induced Properties in Glassy Polymers
- Structure Development in Injection Molding: A 3D Simulation with a Differential Formulation of the Kinetic Equations
- Evolution of Morphology of iPP in Processing Conditions
- Regular Contributed Articles
- 3D Simulation of Gas Assisted Injection Molding Analysis of Primary and Secondary Gas Penetration and Comparison with Experimental Results
- Microcellular Injection Molding
- Effect of Material Species on Flash Generation of PPS/GF Composites
- PPS News
- PPS News
- Seikei-Kakou Abstracts
- Seikei-Kakou Abstracts
