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Ferrite transformation from oxide–steel interface in HAZ-simulated C–Mn steel

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Published/Copyright: June 11, 2013
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 99 Issue 4

Abstract

In steel weld metals and their heat affected zones, acicular ferrite or intragranular ferrite developed on selected oxide inclusions within prior austenite is a key to refining the microstructure and hence improving the toughness. In this study, to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of the intragranular ferrite formation, different oxides were deposited onto C – Mn steel by a physical vapor deposition process, and ferrite formation was examined at the different oxide – steel interfaces after an HAZ-simulated thermal cycle. TiO, MgO, CaO and Al2O3 were deposited on C – Mn steel containing 0.16% C and 1.4% Mn and then they were heated up to 1623 K and cooled down at a cooling rate of 20 K s−1. Allotriomorphic ferrite was found to develop from TiO and MgO, while no allotriomorphic ferrite but Widmanstätten ferrite formed from CaO and Al2O3. Electron backscatter diffraction pattern analysis indicates that the allotriomorphic ferrite growing from the oxide has a specific orientation relationship either with the oxide or with prior-austenite. In the former case, the ferrite seems to be aligned so as to minimize the misfit against the oxide, implying that the likelihood of ferrite formation can be increased by the oxides having a good lattice match with ferrite. Manganese depletion was identified in the vicinity of TiO, but it is concluded that, although it encourages ferrite formation from the oxide, it is not a critical factor for the ferrite formation because of the fact that the ferrite formation was even found from TiO in manganese-free steel. First principles calculation indicates that the interfacial energy between oxide and steel is reduced when the magnesium in MgO is replaced by titanium, which suggests that the ferrite formation from TiO is also affected by the chemical effect of titanium.

Keywords: Steel; Weld; HAZ; Acicular ferrite; Intragranular ferrite
* Correspondence address, Professor Toshihiko Koseki, Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Tel.: +81 3 5841 7110, Fax: +81 3 5841 2773, E-mail:

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Received: 2007-10-20
Accepted: 2008-1-30
Published Online: 2013-06-11
Published in Print: 2008-04-01

© 2008, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Editorial
  4. Horst Cerjak – Emeritus Professor
  5. Review
  6. Calculation of crystallographic texture due to displacive transformations
  7. Basic
  8. Ferrite transformation from oxide–steel interface in HAZ-simulated C–Mn steel
  9. Influence of metastable tetragonal ZrO2-reinforcements on the properties of MoSi2-composites
  10. Joining strategies for open-porous metallic foams
  11. Precipitation behaviour of an Fe–Co–Mo-alloy during non-isothermal ageing
  12. Characterization of δ-phase in superalloy Allvac 718PlusTM
  13. Direct observation of phase transformations in the simulated heat-affected zone of a 9Cr martensitic steel
  14. Effect of boron on creep deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in 9% Cr steel at 650°C
  15. Effect of stress on the creep deformation of ASME Grade P92/T92 steels
  16. Applied
  17. Assessment of creep rupture life of weldments of martensitic steels
  18. Computational analysis of the precipitation kinetics in a complex tool steel
  19. Predicted precipitate back-stress and creep rupture strength of the advanced 9–12% Cr steel COST E2
  20. Compositional characterisation and thermodynamic modelling of nitride precipitates in a 12% Cr steel
  21. The L2 norm of the deviation between the measured and computed transient displacement field in a test weld
  22. Toward reliable calculations of heat and plastic flow during friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
  23. Notifications
  24. DGM News
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.101643
Keywords for this article
Steel; Weld; HAZ; Acicular ferrite; Intragranular ferrite

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Editorial
  4. Horst Cerjak – Emeritus Professor
  5. Review
  6. Calculation of crystallographic texture due to displacive transformations
  7. Basic
  8. Ferrite transformation from oxide–steel interface in HAZ-simulated C–Mn steel
  9. Influence of metastable tetragonal ZrO2-reinforcements on the properties of MoSi2-composites
  10. Joining strategies for open-porous metallic foams
  11. Precipitation behaviour of an Fe–Co–Mo-alloy during non-isothermal ageing
  12. Characterization of δ-phase in superalloy Allvac 718PlusTM
  13. Direct observation of phase transformations in the simulated heat-affected zone of a 9Cr martensitic steel
  14. Effect of boron on creep deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in 9% Cr steel at 650°C
  15. Effect of stress on the creep deformation of ASME Grade P92/T92 steels
  16. Applied
  17. Assessment of creep rupture life of weldments of martensitic steels
  18. Computational analysis of the precipitation kinetics in a complex tool steel
  19. Predicted precipitate back-stress and creep rupture strength of the advanced 9–12% Cr steel COST E2
  20. Compositional characterisation and thermodynamic modelling of nitride precipitates in a 12% Cr steel
  21. The L2 norm of the deviation between the measured and computed transient displacement field in a test weld
  22. Toward reliable calculations of heat and plastic flow during friction stir welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
  23. Notifications
  24. DGM News
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